 The only thing I would stress is that nonviolent movements are inherently bottom-up. They can't be driven from the top because the power from them comes from ordinary people. No grassroots movement is powerful because it has a few famous leaders or a few wealthy leaders. The power from a movement comes from thousands or millions of people shifting their behavior and obedience patterns and as they shift their behavior and obedience patterns they shift the balance of power in society. I wouldn't say trigger or prompt because to me that the sense is then someone outside is trying to catalyze that process from happening. I would say movements emerge and from where they emerge traditional thinking is that there are certain set of ideal conditions that lead to movement emergence. Sort of a different set which are things that people can do within their societies to try to create it and I think one is educate people about nonviolent action, how it works. A lot of times people may be outraged but they're not going to do something unless they feel like they have something constructive to do. That's why education about nonviolent action is really critical. People need to get beyond seeing thinking oh we just need to protest to really understanding there's a whole methodology of how you go about movement building and wielding power nonviolently. You know sometimes trigger events something really outrageous happening can help with that process but I think the pre-existing knowledge among a population is critical which is why education is critical. One other point is that I think networks of people are really critical. If there are networks of people and trust on the ground at the grassroots level people are much more likely to be able to coordinate quickly and this of course is why oppressed people are constantly. Those who oppress them constantly try to divide them and rule them because they don't want human capital. They don't want social capital built on the ground. It's very difficult to establish a movement if you have to establish trust networks in the opening stages but if the trust networks have already been established then that's a whole amount of energy and resources that the movement doesn't need to think about at the outset and it can just grow from that basis. So there's two ways we can think about the field of nonviolent action or civil resistance. One is as a vertical discipline unto itself a field distinct from other fields and then the other is as a horizontal discipline that is cross cutting and intersects with highly interdisciplinary and I don't see it as either or I see it as both and. I'm a person who has studied nonviolent movements as a discipline unto itself but the best insights we get frequently are interdisciplinary ones.