 Good day, everybody. Dr. Sanjay Sanyal, Proficer Department Chair. This is going to be a demonstration of the structures and the contents of the Karate Triangle. This is a supine cadaver. We have dissected out the right side of the neck. I'm standing on the right side and the camera person is also on the right side. Let us now focus on the Karate Archery. This is the origin of the Karate Archery on the right side. The common Karate Archery arises from the Bracocephalic Trunk. We can see the Bracocephalic Trunk here. The Bracocephalic Trunk divides into this. This is the Subclavian Archery. On the right side, and this is the Common Karate Archery. The Common Karate Archery is situated in the middle of the internal jugular vein and we can see that here. This segment of the Common Karate Archery is badly damaged because they had used this portion for embalming purposes. And therefore, this portion has been completely lacerated. This is the other continuation of the Common Karate Archery. The Common Karate Archery then divides into an internal Karate and an external Karate. And we can see that this division is taking place at the level of the superior thyroid notch. We can identify the internal Karate by means of its dilatation. And this is the Karate Sinus. The Karate Sinus acts as a Baroreceptor. It helps to regulate the systemic blood pressure. And after that, if we trace the internal Karate Archery, we see that it disappears. It goes into the Karate Canal and it enters into the cranial cavity and forms the anterior circulation of the brain. This is the three-time traditional Tama Flight SPGR MRN Geogram to show the anterior and posterior cerebral circulation. The next branch is this one here. This is the external Karate. The word internal and external refers not to the location as in the neck, but by the virtue of the fact that the external Karate Archery supplies all the structures outside the skull. And internal Karate Archery supplies all the structures inside the cranial cavity with some exceptions. But here it is looking, the internal Karate Archery is lateral and the external Karate Archery is medial. At the bifurcation, in this connecting tissue, there is located the Karate body, which we cannot see because it's very small. And that Karate body acts as a peripheral chemoreceptor. Both Karate Sinus and Karate body are supplied by branches from the Glossopharyngeal and that is known as the Karate Sinus nerve. The peripheral chemoreceptors help to maintain the arterial PAO2, Oxygen Saturation, at sea level. Now let's come to the external Karate Archery. And let's take a look at the branches of the external Karate Archery. The rule of thumb is one, two, three. One branch medially, which we cannot see because it goes deep inside, that is the ascending pharyngeal archery. Then we have two branches posteriorly and we can see the two branches posteriorly. This is the other continuation of the external Karate Archery and we can see one branch here. This is the exterior auricular archery and we can see another branch going posteriorly and that is this one here. And there's the second branch going posteriorly, which I have lifted up and this other continuation of that. This is the occipital archery. So posterior auricular and occipital both go posteriorly. The posterior auricular is the one above, occipital is the one below. And this occipital archery goes through the apex of the lateral cervical region where the sternocleid mastoid meets with the trapezius and that's the reason why this upper part of the lateral cervical region is called the occipital triangle and then it supplies the posterior part of the scalp. Now let's take three branches anteriorly from below up. We can see this branch, this is the superior thyroid archery. And we can see that it is accompanied by the superior thyroid vein, which opens into the internal jugular vein. And accompanying the superior thyroid archery in the vein, we can see this nerve here. This is the externalaryngeal nerve. So these three structures run together. This superior thyroid archery, when we are ligating it orthodontically, we are able to injure the externalaryngeal nerve. So we have to be careful not to injure the externalaryngeal nerve, which supplies the tricothyroid muscle. So this is the first branch that we can see here, the superior thyroid archery. The second branch that we can see here is this one here. This is the lingual archery. And we notice that the lingual archery as it comes out, it makes an upward loop. And crossing the lingual archery in front is this nerve here. This is the hypoglossal nerve. So therefore the hypoglossal nerve crosses in front of the loop of the lingual archery. The lingual archery then disappears into the tongue, deep to the hyoglossus. And the hypoglossal nerve, on the other hand, goes superficial to the hyoglossus, but deep to the mylohyoid. And then they ramify inside the tongue. Lingual archery gives deep dorsal lingual archery, and it also gives the sublingual archery. And the third branch of the extracellular archery is this one. This is the facial archery. And this facial archery then goes under the posterior bilia of digastric. And throughout we have reflected the posterior bilia of digastric to show the rest of the course of the facial archery. And you can see this is going. This goes up and it forms a curve loop under the body of the mandible. And we have dissected it out from there. And then it grooves the posterior aspect of the submandibular salivary gland. And we can see the grossly enlarged submandibular salivary gland here. And when I reflect it, we can see the facial archery traveling. And then it enters into the face. And this is the course of the facial archery on the face. As it enters the face at the lower border of the mandible, it is located just in front of the misciter muscle. And this is the remnant of the misciter muscle. And this is where we can feel its sensation against the mandible. And then it runs a tortuous course along the side of the face. And just adjacent to that is the facial vein. And we can see the facial vein here. And we can see the facial vein is opening into the internal jugular vein here. So these are the six branches of the external carotid archery. Now let's take a look at the termination of the external carotid archery. I have picked up the continuation of the external carotid archery. Now the external carotid archery has traveled under the posterior digastric. It is about to reach the infrared temporal fossa. It enters the parotid gland. And this is the parotid gland. And we have separated out from the parotid gland. And we can see that it is dividing into these two terminal branches. This is the larger terminal branch of the external carotid which runs into the infrared temporal fossa. And this is the maxillary archery. And this is the smaller terminal branch which divides inside the parotid gland. This is the superficial temporal archery. And we can see the other end of the superficial temporal archery here. It runs in front of the triggers of the ear. It crosses the zygomatic arch and it goes to the temporal region. And it supplies a temporal scalp by means of frontal and parietal branches. And we can feel the positions of the superficial temporal archery against the zygomatic arch. So this is the termination of the external carotid archery. So these are all the structures that we can see in the carotid triangle with their respective branches. Thank you very much for watching. Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing out. David Hoos, the camera person. If you have any questions or comments, please put them in the comment section below. Have a nice day.