 Beta thalassemia is a group of inherited blood disorders caused by defects in the production of beta chains of hemoglobin. These defects lead to varying degrees of severity, ranging from asymptomatic carriers to severe anemia requiring regular blood transfusions. Symptoms can include fatigue, pale skin, jaundice, enlarged spleen, and leg ulcers. Treatments include regular blood transfusions, eye and chelation, splenectomy, and bone marrow transplantation. This article was offered by Origa Raffaella and Galanella Renzo.