 I'm also to this morning to this ninth international conference for the applications of stable isotope techniques in ecological studies, or as you call it, ISO ECOLE, which to me sounded like a terrible virus, but I'm sure it's not. So welcome to our campus on a beautiful winter's day, and I do hope that you enjoy the next few days while you're here with all your talks. I had a quick look at your program. It looks very, very interesting, and I'm very pleased to have people from many countries and different organizations here to discuss applications of techniques and development of techniques because I'm a very strong believer in new methods and techniques for driving scientific advances. With this slide here, which for this audience really needs no explanation, this is an approach that we've used for decades. We analyzed the isotopic composition of an organism to establish some, I get some idea of its trophic position. We can write a simple equation that the isotopic composition of the predator is equal to the isotopic composition of the prey, plus some trophic discrimination factor. This is Dr. Carolyn Curley, and I'm a professor at the University of California in San Diego, and in my lab we study foraging ecology of vertebrates, and that just means we want to find out what animals eat and why that matters for their environment and for the ecology in which they live. And so we have many projects in my lab, including looking at aspects of sea turtle foraging ecology. We look at sea turtles in the Pacific Ocean, and our main tool is to use stable isotope analysis of animal tissues to try and figure out where they go, to reconstruct their migration patterns and reconstruct what they've been eating. It's a great honor for me to give a talk here, and first of all, I would like to thank the Science and Organizing Committee. I was founded for about 10 years long for the project on the analysis of isotopes. I concentrated on two analytical technologies. One is isotope ratio mass spectrometer, and the other is tunable dialyzer system. At that moment, just near infrared spectroscopy, we can distinguish between carbon-13 and deuterium, both just minimized difference. So high resolution is necessary. Globally, change, which is good. Segregation on the stable isotope data are fitting the same there, sharing resources in the area. After the field trip, and I'm really delighted to be here to talk about my favorite topic in the world, and I thank the organizers very much for allowing me to do that. Hopefully by the end of the talk you'll see that there's been a little bit of a revolution going on in plant physiology. I learned from all your trophic level talks that there's been a lovely revolution going on with using compound-specific measurements to look at trophic levels, and I was really excited to see that, and I hope I can get you guys as excited about what's happening in plant physiology with some lasers. Down on the south coast, I began my PhD at Kauilerva in Belgium in 2010, and that took me to Africa, where we study the riverine cycling of subtropical and tropical river basins. A lot of these river basins, there's very little data that's come out of these basins previously, and so we're trying to fill this gap. Rivers play a key role in linking the terrestrial and the oceanic carbon cycles, and so it's important to understand the processes and the mineralization and the transport of carbon from terrestrial to oceanic, and how this links in to global carbon budgets. My PhD is based at the British Antarctic Survey in the UK. I'm really grateful to the Organising Committee of ISOECOL for giving me the opportunity to present these findings. The conference has been wonderful, I've learned a lot, so thanks. My name is Alex Wyatt, I'm a research fellow from the University of Tokyo. This is my fourth ISOECOL, and it's a really great opportunity to see research from different fields and different perspectives. I'm hoping to welcome everyone to Tokyo in 2016 for ISOECOL, the 10th ISOECOL, and I hope we can do as good a job as the organisers have done here in Paris. It was my great pleasure and honour to organise this ISOECOL conference here at the University of Western Australia. We had more than 120 oral and poster presentations covering each single aspect of ecology, from deep oceans to city centres. I trust that all participants enjoyed the conference and returned home refreshed and full of research ideas. Please join us for the next ISOECOL conference, this time in Japan in 2016.