 I'm Michael Peters, working at SEAT based in Columbia, and we'll discuss a little bit our work on a project in which we did in Central America in Nicaragua, and the whole study was about trade-offs between using specific forage plants, either as feed for animals or as for soil improvement or soil fertility maintenance, and then studying what are the positive and the negative balances between the two. There are three issues into it. There's one, the feed for the cows in that case, soil fertility, and then the longer term environmental issues like water and sediments. I think the main points of the outcome of this is that you can go basically from a no-win to a win-win situation, and that depends one on the technologies and on the other hand on the environment which you are. In most cases we got actually balance situation or win-win situations. Win-win situation is when you get an improvement in animal production which gives you the income and you don't have negative effects on the environment. And then you can have effects that improve the soil fertility, but then you don't get the animal effect, and you may have that changing actually between years. So one year you may concentrate on the productive part, and on the other hand on the other year you may concentrate more on the environmental part. And interestingly we had economic studies ex-ante and ex-post which were quite good correlated, but the responses and the benefits which commence the farmers were usually above the predictions and the analyzed results or that's something to think about. And consequently the farmers seem to take up the technologies much quicker. There are only other things to comment on it with the technology which we have co-developed with the farmers is based on a specific forage legume, and because the farmers are excited they want to want to apply to quite a little bit of different situations and we as researchers or technicians have to caution at some times the farmers because it's a technology which works perfectly in drought prone environments, but in a more humid environment it actually can have negative environmental consequences as it can come a week. Did the farmers themselves were they aware very much of these trade-offs that you were trying to research? I think the farmers are quite well aware of the trade-offs and they look mainly for the situation where they can have a combined effect of the two where you maximize productivity but having in mind the longer term issues. My experience is that farmers know often much more than people think but sometimes they don't have the technologies available to act in the way which is both productive and environmental feasible if they have the need to choose between the two and often the short-term response is what they have to go for.