 The study found that percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic spine surgery, PTES, had better clinical outcomes than minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, MISTLIF, in treating lumbar degenerative disease, LDD, in elderly patients. The PTES procedure had fewer complications, less blood loss, faster recovery, and lower complication rates when compared to MISTLIF. Additionally, PTES could be performed under local anesthesia, making it more convenient for patients. This article was authored by Tien Le Ma, Tien Le Ma, Tien Yao Zhou, and others.