 Okay, so I'll start a little demo now and I will demonstrate to you how to prepare a pop. Let's take an example of this pop that I have here. One of the main things with Container is, so one of the main things with any Container is the drainage holes. These are the most important things that you need to check out for when you are choosing a container. If you don't have a container, basically every time you water the water is going to stay there and it will become like a bumpy situation and your roots will rot in there. So check out that these holes are there. In some pots you'll find some of the holes are flush when you put them down on the ground and some are slightly raised on the side. That is also good because that means that it will not, the likelihood of these holes and I'll hold this up closer, you can see here, this is slightly raised. The likelihood of this getting blocked is a lot less than this. So a few holes that are raised are helpful. The next thing is to make sure that these holes are protected. So we start by covering the bottom with a layer of broken pots, you have broken terracotta pots, tiles, roof tiles. If you don't have any of that stone, pebbles, the metal khadi that they use when they're making roads, if you get a handful of that, that will work. So I'm going to take a bunch of these stones that I've collected and I'm going to layer the bottom here. Don't use very small stones so that they go in the lodge perfectly in the hole, then they will not allow the water out and in fact they'll do exactly the opposite of what you're aiming for. So here I have now put the stones in and now I need to prepare my soil. So I'll show you briefly how you can make pretty good soil pretty fast. We are under lockdown conditions and perhaps immediately things may not be available but I'll show you the ideal way that I usually prepare soil, we can use substitutes and I believe that things will sort of be accessible soon, perhaps after the 20th so you can go out and get some gardening material, especially since agriculture stuff will be available. I have here with me four pots, obviously I've chosen small sizes so that I can work with it but you can, this is more as an indicator, we have four equal sized pots, basically I need to have 50% soil, so I have two containers here that have soil in them, just plain garden soil, whatever soil you have, if you are in Goa you find sometimes the soil is very sandy, if you are elsewhere you may find it very clayy, I'll talk about how sandy and clayy for in a moment. And here I have vermicompost with me, you can use compost, just plain compost instead of that, you can use cow dung instead of that. I use vermicompost because it's a little richer in the nutrients, it's been through the intestines of an earthworm and so it has, the nutritive value is slightly higher. And here I have cocopeat, cocopeat is basically the dust from the coconut husk once the fiber has been removed and they sort of semi decompose it so that it comes to a condition where it's more or less inert, sometimes it may have salt that is washed off and basically all this is going to mix together to form my soil. So once again I have 50% garden soil, whatever soil you have and I have 25% vermicompost, 25% cocopeat, I'm going to mix these up right here, when you have garden soil you'll find pebbles in it, sometimes they are pebbles, sometimes they are just slumps of soil, once it's wet it is wet, but if it is a hard pebble that you can remove it. I'm going to add my cocopeat and I'm going to add, now as I mix this I'll tell you basically what the cocopeat does, cocopeat has no nutrition, it is actually a soil conditioner, what it does is two things, it loosens up very clay soil and creates great drainage and at the same time because it's organic matter or organic in nature has the ability to hold on to moisture, so it creates a situation where your soil is in medium moisture for a long time, so that's really what cocopeat does, vermicompost is a dense nutrition, it's a balanced nutrition for your soil, it contains enough of your nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in varying quantities and that really is what you're going to kick your soil with and so here I have prepared my soil that I'm going to use, this is my standard go-to sort of recipe for making soil, now any big stones I'm going to remove most of them aren't even stones, they're just large, okay, once this is well mixed I'm going to fill up my container with this, with your bowl, now something I've noticed is often when people sort of prepare pot they for some reason tend to fill a pot just halfway through and don't do that, if you need less soil in a smaller container because if you plant something down there it's going to be limited in the amount of sunlight that it gets, you want it to be at the surface, so if you think that either you have less soil or you think it doesn't need as much soil, use a smaller container maybe six inches, this is an eight inch pot that I have here, if I take an eight inch pot I will make sure that I fill it just maybe an inch short of the top so that I can have my plant get a lot of good sunlight straight out, now I'm short of the soil I prepared but I have, now this is more or less filled till the top, it's not yet done, there's one last very crucial step that we must do to complete this is using dried leaves or what we call mulch, now mulch has several reasons to be there on your pot even in a garden any garden bed should also have these dried leaves, the reason we use this is for one it reduces the amount of water you will need to add to your pot because the mulch layer is there it sort of holds the moisture in, that's a big one, the other thing is that as you water the soil in the pot tends to get compacted and even it tends to get, it sort of washes away through the holes, so having mulch, having a good like a at least a couple of inches in a pot ensures that the flow of water as you water your plants is slowed down and it doesn't wash away the soil it prevents weeds from going, you'll find that because of this covering the weeds just get smothered they don't grow, if it's cool it will keep your soil warm, if it's warm it will keep your soil cool, eventually this will also disintegrate and it'll add more organic matter to your soil, so all in all it's really one of the most important things to do when you're looking after your soil whether it's in a garden bed or in pot and another thing I should mention is that it creates the right environment for a lot of microbes to grow which is very important, good organic soil is living soil that is rich with microbes and earthworms and all kinds of things, so mulch creates it helps that environment to be maintained, so now my pot is ready, I could either make a hole and put in a seed that I will sow, we'll get to that or I could transplant something that I have ready a seedling off by just creating a bit of space and plonking it back in the middle.