 στους δηλαδή τα ευρωί ΕΕΕΤΕΡΩΤΕ! Γειαρχή ΕΕΕΤΕΡΩΤΕ! Ευρωί ΕΕΕΤΕΡΩΤΕ! Γειαρχή ΕΕΕΤΕΡΩΤΕ! Γειαρχή ΕΕΙΑΕΥΑ! ΕΕΕΕΙΑΕ! Είμαι Χριיתיς Καπνοβλωσ, από ενηλπιθή εργατικότητα, και θα δοκιμάζω να σας δίοψω κάποια πολύνικα σημετάτα διοδικές της πνευρικής top-v technologies. Οπότε, πρώτα από όλους, εδώ θα σας δείξω κάποιες παράδειγες, αυτές είναι κάποιες 3G WV σέλες που είναι ανοιχιστικές. Είναι ανοιχιστικές, δηλαδή μπορείτε να δείξετε μου από πίσω και έχουν την ιστορία να προσπαθεί τη δυνατότητα, ακόμα με λευκή λευκή κοντισία και για ανοιχιστικές και ανοιχιστικές παράδειγες. Εδώ μπορείτε να χρησιμοποιήσουμε κάποιες δηλαδή για κάποιες δυνατότητα, μπορείτε να χρησιμοποιήσετε να έχετε κάποια δυνατότητα, είναι ανοιχιστικός, είναι πολύ καλό. Εδώ είναι κάποια λευκή λευκή λευκή, αλλά μπορείτε να πούμε σε έναν μεγάλο σκέλο, have panels this big like this, and actually to give you a more information all these are printed in our high end technology role to role pilot line which are in our lab with several printing technologies, some in line on the fly lasers describing for the modules, for making these kind of modules, υπάρχει πολλές τεχνικές σχέσεις για να εξηγήσει την καλύτερα του βιβλήκου και έχουμε την αμπιλήση να κάνει δύο ίδιες φορές, δύο τεχνικές σχέσεις δύο τεχνικές τεχνικές μοτσούλες και αντιμετωπίσης για την τεχνική παράδειγμα και τα χρήματα της χρήσης της χρήσης της χρήσης Εντάξει, αν θέλω να έχω αυτό στο σπίτι μου, για παράδειγμα, θα πρέπει να το εγκαπτουλήσεις Αυτό είναι εγκαπτουλισμένοι Είναι λέτε ότι είναι έξιγεί να βρεις το σπίτι σου στα χαρά ίδιο, δεν είναι έξιγεί, δεν είναι έξιγεί Μεκαδεύσεις δύο χρήσης, φίλεξε κάποιες χρήεις εκεί Μεκδ Into Είναι έξιγε το σπίτι σου τα δύο χρήσης Από αυτά είναι έξιγε να φτάνει Τεχνικά, και θα το θα μάθει τον σπίτι τεχνικό Το μη mundo μη αυτό είναι να έχετε Πλαίσες 6,5% για αυτό το σπίτι συμπερφή με τον δύο αλλαγούλιο Είναι εύκολο να κάνουμε μπροδοκρατία στιγμή? Ναι, φυσικά, με αυτή η ασύνη έχουμε, μπορούμε να κάνουμε, να παίρνουμε με 5 μέτρες περμήνου, που σημαίνει ότι μπορούμε να έχουμε πραγματικά 2 μέτρες περμήνου προσπαθούντας από τη λαϊκή. Ωραία, και έχετε διεπλόμιες. Έχετε διεπλόμιες περμήνου ή διεπλόμιες περμήνου. Ναι, διεπλόμιες περμήνου προσπαθούντας, κάποιες μπαστάσεις, και διεπλόμιες περμήνου, με αυτήν την κομμάτι, έχουμε δυο πρόσφυγες, διεπλόμιες περμήνου ή διεπλόμιες περμήνου, για να υπάρξει τα εξοδεσμότητα και διεπλόμιες περμήνου. Ποιο κοιμόμαστε εδώ, Αυτό είναι ένας τελευταίο δημοσιασμός για την σωλα-προτεξινή για τα ασφαλή. Λοιπόν μπορείς να το βάζεις στο σαμεριό να προστατείσεις την ασφαλή για να ασφαλείς την ασφαλή. Και σε την ίδια φορία μπορείς να χρησιμοποιήσεις ένα σωστό φανατοί για να το βάζεις στους ασφαλές. Λοιπόν εδώ στον Ελλάδιο έχεις πολλοί ασφαλές, λοιπόν πρέπει να χρησιμοποιήσεις αυτή. Είδατε ένα πάνω από την πάνω. Λοιπόν, ναι, δε θα σας παραδείξω. name heter Ste occurs Welcome to Thessaloniki from my side too. My name is Stereo is the manoudas. I work in the bio group of our lab. We are working on 3D Bio printing as you can see here. This is just a model of a nose using a Hydro gel printing right now. We are trying to 3D bioprint some constructs που μπορούμε να χρησιμοποιήσουμε σχέσης για να εμιουλήσουμε κάποιες οργάνες, και επίσης δοκιμάζουμε σχέσης για σχέση τελευταία. Δηλαδή προσπαθούμε να συνεχίσουμε κάποιες ανάγκες με σχέση τελευταία σχέσης, που θα είναι εξοδημένη σε ένα σχέσης very controlled and targeted. Είδατε πολλές εξοδημένες σε τελευταία τελευταία τελευταία. Είδατε, εξοδημένης να κάνουμε κάποια βασκουλαρισμότητα για τα σχέση που κάνουμε, γιατί μια πολύ σχέση με 3D-bioprinted σχέση είναι η αμπιλή να προσπαθεί νουτριντές και να εμιουλήσει όλες τις σχέσεις. Αυτό είναι κάνει από σχέσης. Είδαμε πολλές εξοδημένες σε δηλαδή να βασκουλαρισμότητα κάποιες σχέσης. Είδαμε also some bio-reactors right now where we can use to further stimulate the bio-printed constructs with some mechanical stimulation. Like the printer we see here, is it this kind of application is something that can become big mass production? There are two directions. One is getting bigger, one is getting smaller to match the In vivo tissue. Because the In vivo tissue has a lot of features in micro nanoscale and we are trying to reach this level of complexity. But when you are using equipment to reach this level of complexity, it's a difficult thing to build bigger. So we have to combine these two directions to build in higher resolution at the same time but also big enough constructs to create organs. Last time we filmed in 2019 there was a lab at the university and what's been the developments there? More students working on this? More students, more PhD students, more master students. Also working on the directions I've mentioned earlier. What else we can look around here? For the bio-group is this old demo only. The main focus of the lab is the printed organic electronics. So this is a small demo for the bio-group. For the lab. All right. Let's walk around here. Is this your friend talking about this part? This is an OVPD. This is not the expert from that. Maybe Christos can talk about that. Maybe Christos can talk about that also. Because it's organic electronics but printed in another way. With other technologies. There are a lot of projects that are in the lab. So for example right there and there. There are some organic photovoltaics. What are you showing here? These are some completely different technologies. This is a hybrid technology called organic vapor phase deposition. This is made in order to make OLEDs in a very high quality of OLEDs. Most of them are in our cell phones. Here are some layers made by them and we can show here some organic photovoltaics which are made by the same technology on a rigid substrate, on a glass substrate. This has much more efficiency and it's made to be for more power and demand applications. For space applications. Space? Yes. All right. So what's the connection between photovoltaics and all that same process somehow? Yes, we can make them with the same printing processes with the big roll-to-roll pilot line or with the OBD pilot line and so you can compare both results and to have two different kinds of applications. One which is much cheaper and more close to mass production in order to have cheaper OPVs and the other one is more expensive. It's the OBD technology but give us much better results and much higher quality products. Nice. And you have lots of discussions here with people at the show? This is a very nice event. So after the COVID situation here we can start coming live again and this year we have more than 500 people so it's very nice opportunity to meet each other and to discuss after a long time again. And here it's national projects? Yes, we have several. Also several national projects especially for above all types. So we are able to put a project called Photokypia we put some photovoltaics on top of the greenhouses, Mediterranean greenhouses in order not only to harvest energy and to have some power independent greenhouses but also to shake the corpse and to absorb some part of the solar spectrum and to improve the efficiency of the corpse and to have even better more production. All right. And the Apollo project? Okay, the Apollo project is based on predicted OLEDs. It's the one that's there. So we have the ability also not only to predict the photovoltaics but also to print some OLEDs for some lighting applications for wearables and for signaling or for other kinds of applications. All right. It gets really exciting once technology can become mass production when it can be changed the world. Yes, exactly. This is one whole changing technology that sooner or later will be to everybody's house. So these are some very nice applications that can be start off so it can be with some small application or completely for example for BIPV applications or building integrated photovoltaics so we can cover our solar windows to be solar windows in order to improve also the efficiency and also to reduce the heating needs and cooling needs in our houses. So this is something that for sure we will see in the very, very few years. Cool. Thanks a lot. So thank you very much, Nicolas being here and let's see you around. All right. All right. Thanks everybody for watching. Yeah. I'll put you on a break for a second. Hey, so please introduce yourself. I am the General Manager of HOPEI. HOPEI is Organic Electronics Organic Printing Electronics Association and it englobes about 40 enterprises in Greece and abroad also and research laboratories and in this ecosystem they try to promote the organic electronics technologies. It was created in 2011 and now we promote the organic electronics in the Greek market but also in abroad and we participate we have several activities. We participate in research projects we participate in expositions and also we collaborate with other association like AFLIM, like OETS, Saxony, et cetera, et cetera and with these activities we try to help the proliferation of organic electronics. So, Evangelos Bacalis who is one of my collaborators is here to present you the projects and several other activities. So there's several members and it's like an ecosystem. Yes. It's an ecosystem with research laboratories and the universities and the firms which use the results of these research laboratories and the research projects and we are the link of all the ecosystem. So when you are together you are stronger in the industry and companies work together. Yes, of course, of course we are the companies for example attracting them to participate in research projects in research propositions Europeans but also nationals here in Greece and we proliferate, we diffuse information concerning the domain. For example, every two months we edit a newsletter with information concerning all these domains nanotechnologies, organic electronics, et cetera. So your colleague can come in here. Evangelos give you more details in our activities, in our projects, et cetera. Hello, my name is Evangelos Bacalis I'm innovation and dissemination manager at HOPE As my colleague told you we are an association that we have many members from different areas like institutions and companies and we try to promote them and grow the business in the field of flexible electronics in Greece. Now I will present you some of our projects that we are involved in. Mainly our income comes from our members' fees but we also have some European projects that we have funding from. The first one is flexfaction to sustain. This project is an open innovation test bed we provide resources, key resources like equipment, the know-how and many many experts to small and medium sized prices and startups in order to grow their ideas in the field of flexible electronics and we provide services like research and development to these small companies from our experts from our expert partners to participate in this project. The other one is the Real Nano project. This project has characterization specifying the characterization of the technologies for high yield manufacturing of flexible organic electronics and we provide in this project we try to provide real-time and nano-scale characterization of the tools and methodologies that have been used for producing the flexible pretty electronics and minimize the high risks of the production and provide a low cost and very efficient products from in the field of flexible pretty electronics. These two are both our project. We also have ongoing investigation on trying to find new fund in the funded projects in order to be sustainable as an association because we have our members in fees but we need also some other sources of income too to be sustainable. When we look at the map here this around Europe Yeah, it's a multi European project Pan-European project Both projects are Pan-European and we cover a big area from Europe by many companies like SemiLab and the CRF which is the center for research from FIA and we have many big partners and strong partners in this project and we also co-operate in other projects too because this is Pan-European too Flexfaction Sustain When we get a little bit closer this way when it says 2020-2024 so it's like multi-year region Yes mainly 2020-2024 2020-2024 means that this project is from Europe and it's for this years it doesn't mean that this project will last that long all the proposals that are under this frame last from 2020-2024 this project currently is a 4-year project and the real nano on the other hand is 3-year project and when I look behind here if you move this a little bit what is those 1500 companies worldwide yes yes we have a broad network of companies that are partners to us and there are more than 300 entities that have been in our network it's not only companies that are members in our association but some other associations too very strong associations like Cafe Lim which is the Printing Electronics Association from France or ZAPEC which is the Japanese Printing Electronics Association and how do you work together with them we have signed several memorandums of understanding with these organizations and we collaborate in terms of exchanging information for our members and finding new projects and providing useful tools to our members and their members too to promote and grow the business and what more do we see on your booths on the back you see here our scope this is the poster that shows our scope and mainly what I told you already that we have to coordinate the network of companies we develop strong links and we generate road maps for providing these technologies to the general mass and support our members to new markets and trade shows and represent our members nationally and internationally distributed information from the markets investments collaborate with flexible and pretty electronics global entities as I told you before with our memorandums of understanding and organize exhibition workshop and training activities like this one that we are attending right now here we have some presentation of our members and for example here is the pilot line of OED technologies where they print flexible electronics for photovoltaic applications or BL nano biomed where we have some applications like this biosensor which tests for COVID and other diseases just through a drop of blood on this sensor and you can tell if you have some of these diseases or you have your carrier and yes this is another of our members they are specialized in flexible packaging flexible printed electronics in packaging like smart packaging applications where you can learn many information from just these smart packaging applications like if the product for example was outside of the fridge from several minutes you can tell it has a surface that can tell how long for example the product was outside the fridge so it can be useful to supermarkets and many industries in the consumer chain and here we present what I told you before about our role in the funded European projects and here we have some more information about our members we have more than 40 members in our organization like DEPIA Hellenic Petroleum LTFN which is the laboratory of Arsical University or Technologies which I told you before Coatema which is a company from Germany so we have multinational entities in our organization at this event What kind of frank conversations do you have with people what is the goals that you are achieving here at the show I would like just to add also that this is an ecosystem with several innovations is an ecosystem very innovative with basic innovations for example the greenhouse and the car park etc all that are projects and are innovations which are applied in a big size it's not only a demo project so this is the ecosystem now concerning our participation here we are there to see to meet people and firms in this exhibition because there are a lot of firms mainly from abroad with them we can collaborate we started to discuss with them and to see how we could collaborate in research and innovation projects but also in other collaborations and in hope A it says Hellenic but it's not just Hellenic No but it's based in Greece so for that we called Hellenic and the choice of the letters is explicitly to show that we hope that with these technologies with these practices with this ecosystem we could progress in the domain of the innovations but also the domain of the environment because the organic electronics are much more friendly than the other electronics concerning the environment and the climate change etc etc So when the politicians are saying they want something then you show that there is a hope and there is a future that can be achieved if the efforts are put in one direction and we have several projects for the future and is the future soon or later So it's possible to make these things in mass production quickly Yes we can say but you have to discuss with the firms which produce the products etc Alright So I hope you have a great show here it's nice to see people in a real show physical event Thank you very much and people can contact you on your social media on your websites and everything Cool Okay, thanks a lot Okay, thank you very much and thanks everybody for watching I'll put you in a break for a second So if it's not good you can start again Yeah, if it's not good you try again You cut But it will be great Alright So please introduce yourself Yeah My name is Franeu I'm a marketing manager for Sumilab and I've worked in Sumilab for a couple of years since 2008 and I was before in another company from French company So now I can introduce you a little about Sumilab Sumilab is a company doing 100% of metallurgy tools characterization system that can be applied to So the first domain where it is applied is of the photovoltaic industry and research also We also have a lot of tools a lot of tools for the photovoltaic industry like contamination, photo luminescence resistivity we have also defects of visual inspection We also do inline and offline characterization tools for this industry What kind of photovoltaics are we talking about? The company started with the silicon solar cell the silicon solar cell photovoltaic industry It started in early 2000 with hand-top and tabletop system and now we are completely renew the portfolio We are fully available with fully automatic system that you can put the silicon solar cell here and at the end you get the performance of the solar cell But now we have also full bench of product tools also to characterize scene film also like organic, perovskite etero-function cells that are here represented in this conference in Thessaloniki of course We start with PV industry We also have a lot of tools from R&D to the industry tools industry for the semiconductor industry It means that we manufacture 200 and 300mm a platform to address the need of the metrology and carry this tool in a microelectronic fab We start that this is today this is our main activity beside the PV industry Besides SME and TOTOLTAIC we also address the flat panel display industry and domain This mainly of course in Asia like China, Korea and Japan where this panel and TV are manufactured So we manufacture very large tools like this one you have the picture here where we have the TV where the TV are manufactured and again we have many different kind of metrology tools that can be installed on this platform So it's a tool that goes in a TV factory Yeah, exactly it's a TV or they also produce the screen from your phone from the phone, from the laptop, from the TV they produce all this kind of panel and we install some characterization platform like that we have different metrology on the same tool here and the last part is of course our research and development domain where we also provide and propose many types of different characteristics that are more for institute for R&D lab but also for the research of the industry of this type here of course So we have here one of our main instruments for this R&D and R&D topics This is spectroscopy with a meter that is a tool that is optical characterization to measure the thin film thickness and optical properties we have also AFM to make for force microscope we have nano annotation, we have eddy current and we have also mobility measurement by whole whole system This is one of the interesting tools that we propose now which is the highest dvd by ld line whole measurement system and this is quite new system in our company where we can measure the mobility, sheet resistance of the type and density of the semiconductors, 3,5, solar cell TCO which is transportable to the sign and organic electronics So what are we looking at there this is just the tool this computer of course is a system and you can just open the cover and put a sample here and this is a quite interesting tool because we can really give a very interesting information on this brand new material like for organic electronics and Perovsky for example So what are people able to get what kind of information, what is it useful for them mainly done for mobility and sheet resistance and care type and density of this material because now Perovsky, inorganics, in TCO we are not using any more silicon as we used to do for the transistor for the solar cell so we use very special material that we need to characterize and this material have different characteristics like in mobility and sheet resistance so it is more challenging to characterize and to measure this parameter so we need to use brand new equipment and to develop new options and new features to measure this kind of material and this is quite challenging and that's one and what more you can talk about there Yeah, we can talk about this one this one is also interesting We propose a really large number of solutions and features to measure this whole to whole process and sheet to sheet process We are here in Perovsky organic and conference fee in the Saloniki so this is exactly the topic of the conference We can characterize OPV, the organic PV organic TFT, the WLT, lighting and sensor which are made by organic again like I show you for the mobility and we propose a quite nice large number of tools like the ellipsometry that we have just talked about the sheet resistance, all effect the armory and total resistance and this can be applied to the whole to whole I mean you have the the whole is rolling here this is an OPV, this organic PV solar cell and you can measure directly here on the roll or you can measure on a sheet to sheet here, this is a flexible this is a flexible sheet of plastic and on the top here you have some organic resistors and you can measure the sheet resistance or the sheet pressure So we can propose different platforms this is a whole to whole one this is a mid-sized platform to handle a 400mm substrate up to much larger one So we can really cover from the R&D to the pilot line and the industry also So do you have customers in all kinds of segments of the industry? Yeah, we have customers in the colors and in the sweets So if you can show here just sorry This is a map where we have our implementation So you see the company I forgot to tell you that the company is from Budapest The headquarters of the company is located in Budapest in Hungary We have quite nice number of people in Europe but we have a lot of people also in Asia where we address the industry and the customer for semiconductor for the flat panel or for the PV also In China there was also a lot of Chinese customers working on PV and we have also some company in USA like in Boston and the Hightown and Tampa where we manufacture and distribute and also address the customer from USA And I would say the industry for semiconductor is spread between Asia and USA the PV is still a little more in Asia also but I have to say that for the organic and the plastic electronics Europe is quite a well-placed and we have quite nice number of customers in Europe also Everybody wants to do PV Yeah, because this energy is the biggest priority right now Yeah Today we share as I told you the main market is semiconductor for us but we always try to push the people who are doing PV and try to develop a new type of PV because we know that the future is PV battery also and the battery is also one important market for us that we try to develop also So you do R&D You don't just provide the machine We have a lot of people trying to develop new equipment new tools every year and release new equipment It's really we have a lot of people doing that From the hardware, software optical we have optical lab to develop our new head German head with software with hardware This is quite large company in Asia So if you can invent new kind of PV that uses your tools Sure But we always find some application We say this one this tool was used before which is photoluminescence tool for wafer and cell expansion So it was used only for silicon solar cell before This was like this standalone tool we put the wafer here and this was just a defect inspection of silicon solar cell and now we use exactly some techniques on the organic on the organic PV to measure the defect on the organic roll-to-roll on the roll-to-roll This is what we have installed here in Thessaloniki inside the Real Nano European project We have installed one of this tool which is one line We measure one line on the roll and the roll is moving and then we measure one line in real time and then we can give some information on the defect here which is the wafer but we can do some image on the roll-to-roll of OPV When you do this kind of measurements I guess it's important to to not be impeding and the process feeding everything you want everything to be smooth and fast and not slow down anything Yeah, sure We need to have the same speed as the process In fact, when the roll is moving we need to be able to acquire give the image and give the possibility to the computer to analyze and to give the feedback of the result because if the one part of the roll or the solar cell is bad we need to be able to adjust and give some information but now, as you guess, everything is linked We link our tool to our main computer we link our tool to another tool and all the information are coming together on the horse All the information are managed and analyzed by one computer and then you can decide whether to process or or still go And so, I guess it means you have hardware acceleration you have fast performance in their Yeah, we need to have very fast performance on I can show you just a little bit on one of these tools here We could analyze 5700w 700w per hour Well, it sounds like a lot That's a lot 5000 it is 2w per second And what are the wafers? What do they have on them? Solacell So we need to have very fast Everything is linked so fast on the belt and then we need to analyze we need to acquire, analyze and give the information and at the end of the belt here it needs to be sorted you have the good one, the middle one and the bad one We need to be very fast You are making the quality control We are making quality control and the sorting but the customer tells us we want to be able to sort this type of Solacell here this has to be considered good one this has to be considered the middle one and this is the low speed Yes, exactly You can sell all 3 to 3 different customers Exactly But we just sell Is it just photos and microscopes No, this is electrical characterization This is all bunch of different things This is electrical characterization sickness Imagine if you have some scratch here If there were some scratch here at some scratch this can be completely going to the trash If you have some line here by visual expression it also goes to the trash So we need to analyze the performance the many different things and at the end we need to decide what we are doing on our tour What is this machine for example This machine is another tool with the spectroscopy So this machine can be used for many different applications The purpose of this machine is to measure the sickness of the sin film For example when you measure when you have sin film Solacell you are substrate and then you have many different layer and this machine is measuring the sickness of optical properties and the quality the quality of the Solacell and the end product is really depending on what you have on this device So we have this optical techniques we send the beam we send the beam on the sample it's reflecting and then we can buy a trade of polarization we can measure the properties of the properties and actually you have you have a whole bunch of Yeah different products you can show Yeah sure This one is a middle platform which is IC2100 with a middle side platform You can embed it inside here you can have different type of measure you can have a leapsometry, effectometer non-contaction resistance and other optical techniques here So it means that you have multiple tools but you can have all these metrology head embedded on the same platform So you can just move you move the sample under the measurement head that you want to use So you can pass from leapsometry to sheet resistance you don't need to go to another tool so it can be completely automatic What is the sheet resistance sheet resistance Yeah this is the resistance If you want to have your material very conductive so very fast for example that the electron is going very fast in the material you need to have a very low sheet resistance If you have a high sheet resistance the speed of the device is very slow So this is just to summarize So yeah and it is linked it is linked to mobility it is linked to electrical parameter but we need to characterize all this picture In solar cell in semiconductor in all these device electronic device we need to most of the time we need to measure sheet resistance of the material When people make new innovative products that use roll to roll sheet to sheet and all that there is a lot of graduation in terms of the quality it's not a stable output sometimes So it's crucial to be able to go in and measure what's good what's A, B, C As I told you for the solar cell here we do also the same thing for the semi for the semiconductor like for the platform here people are measuring on the wafer on the dial and they say ok this one is good this one is not good but here there is no level like in the solar cell here it is good or not So we say go or not go This is the way they do for the semiconductor because the performance cannot be half or not so good So we need to have a good or not I guess your machines are very professional very expensive for big labs to buy Universities, do you also have stuff for startups Is there a scale of different things? Yes we have different things I just show you I just show you for the semiconductor product range So we have this one is the table top one This one is the table top one for university and lab which is a I would say the low cost tools that we have for these techniques and this one is more the high hand This is more expensive but more powerful of course and this one is another platform which is even higher hand So we have really full product range of tools and this is not only for the semiconductor we can really show that for all the kind of techniques and characterization tools So for little R&Ds startups, students all the way to mass production all the way to the companies and make billions of things Exactly Table top or hand tools to the fully automatic one Do you have a lot of competitors or you like the world leader No we have a lot of competitors and the thing is that we have a lot of competitors in every field Of course in optical characterization, in electrical table top, in R&D industry we need to compete with a lot of competitors from everywhere in the world So that pushes your R&D department to just keep pushing things forward Yes exactly Exactly that pushes us to make even every year better and better but we also have in SumiLab we also have the politics to when we want a new technique we can also buy it It means that we also buy company where we can buy the company buy the techniques I'm having in SumiLab So for example myself I'm coming from the small company which was in France, it was SOPA and we are producing this ellipser meter and 12 years ago, 14 years ago SumiLab was wanted to do a diverse activity there were electrical characterization metrology equipment and I wanted to do optical metrology because I wanted to have a new bench of product So they buy our company and we are now since 14 years embedded in SumiLab Alright So you have some conversations here with all kinds of universities companies Yeah we are exchanging with people here We know the Tessaloniki lab and company here since quite a long time We have been working with them since a couple of years now but we know the people since quite a long time Alright and people can contact you in every country in the world Yeah they can contact us everywhere They can contact me in Europe, in France, but of course they can find the website they can find the contact of the company from every country in the world Cool, thanks a lot You're welcome, thanks I'll put you in the break right here Please introduce yourself Yes My name is Athena Proiu I am the coordinator of the Nano Explorer EU project which deals with the assessment and the determination of the health effects due to exposure to nanomaterials and specifically to engineered nanomaterials So Who is part of the Nano Explorer Is it a company or an organization? Yeah, actually Nano Explorer is a project with eight participants from seven EU countries along with Switzerland and we are a partnership of people coming from SMEs universities as well as from research institutes and governmental authorities So we have in the partnership with the consortium we have the University of Torino the University of Lausanne the Research Institute of Itene in Spain SMEs like the Yordes group in Germany and in the UK Alcom, consulting engineers who are the coordinators and I am the coordinator of Nano Explorer in Greece Athens and also NECA which is a governmental organization in Greece under the auspices of the Greek Ministry for the Environment responsible for environment air quality and climate change So how do you explore the Nano? How do you make these Nano How does it happen? Yeah, so our idea here is that you see around you have very important applications with Nano materials, new devices or products and methodologies so you can see that in the last decades we have had a tremendous increase in the use and production of Nano materials. We wonder thus which might be the impact all these materials on the environment as well as on human health. So our approach is a holistic approach which includes at the same time a new device a novel device for monitoring engineered Nano materials in urban areas as well as in working places and on the other side to monitor the health impact through biomonitoring studies novel biomonitoring studies The idea is to produce a new protocol in order to conduct this kind of studies and to find out which are the potential health impacts on people working in facilities and dealing with ENMs or people living and working in urban areas with hot traffic spots for example. This is the main idea. So you are showing a machine here for example What are you talking about here at the Nanotechnology Conference? So what we do here is that we essentially complement what all the other people are doing. I mean they deal with Nano materials and we deal with Nano materials but from the environmental point of view from the bio the health impact the medical point of view let's say for people who have been exposed to Nano materials. Because of course these Nano materials are very important for economy, for health because they are used also in health medical devices and treatments also however we have to study also the potential impact when we deal with this kind of Nano materials when we are exposed to Nano materials. Supposedly maybe also in some vaccines that happened recently. What we look here in Nano Explories is how the Nano materials which are inhaled and they are going into our respiratory system how they can alter let's say our health level or they can cause some health issues for example cardiovascular, oxidative stress and so on. So there are issues it seems that in some cases when we have people who are highly exposed exposed to Nano materials they can have this kind of acute effects on cardiovascular system and even in terms of oxidative stress yes. These results are going to be presented in this conference on Friday. What do we see here? Yes Pavle, you might want to present this device. Introduce yourself. Okay. I'm Pavle I come from Ramem, a Spanish company which has developed this monitor of air quality. We have integrated several sensors here. One is for measurement of ultra fine particles up to 300 nanometers and the other is from 300 nanometers to 10 micrometers and we also can collect particles on filters or on TM grids for posterior analysis to get chemical composition or for microscopic analysis of the particles. This instrument has special software with some features which enable to access the exposure. So here are traffic light indicator which indicates the exposure level of the concentration of nanoparticles and also of other parameters. This instrument can be used for exposure measurement so you have some, you can distinguish between the type of measurement you are doing. There are some disturbing event so you can mark this data and exclude you from the measurement. This instrument is portable. It's the form of a suitcase and the objective of the design is to get to carry this device to the companies and measure the exposition of employees working with nanomaterial. This instrument can be placed in outer enclosure and also to be used it for environmental measurement and this enclosure is climatized poverty with solar panel and so you can also do with the same instrument, ambient ambient measurements. The software was to be user-friendly so we have a pop-up menu and we can configure it for the use. Also it permits automatic measurement when you can schedule the measurement and when you are not able to be with the instrument and for this case we also developed remote control of this that I passed to my colleague. You want to introduce? Yeah. Hello, my name is Katerini Maria Zaragiani. I'm a member in a non-explorer project, one of the partners representing NECA, natural environment and climate change agency. Here you can find the panel we can use when we have remote control the device. We have the home screen. We can see the PM categories and if the set of thresholds that you also see on the device so it's the same panel and for example we can be in Spain and you can check and control the device remotely from Greece for example and you can here is the menu and you can find your data you can have some information on the device operation if there is something wrong you can see what is, if there is an fault. In the advanced panel you can set your thresholds and you can name the file and also set the place you some information on the place you are measuring and beside this device and the remote control we can also make another renovation this is the form of data and we have already a web based platform in the framework of nano explore project with the use of this platform you can see your data you can input your data inside and not only data from this device but with other measurement device so you can have graphs you can see for example here a map around the world for example here there are some measurement that we have upload in the platform you can have the number of the last measurement the mean and max and other descriptive statistics and you can also for example give me a second have data analysis measurements you can have immediately the graph of your measurement that you can choose with the date with the time period and you can have the moving average that according to the load there are some specific limits so you can set it and you have immediately have all the descriptive statistics and you can also collaborate with other scientists and you wish you can show your measurements and send them to them so there are many a lot of features you can use the PM numbers are what people talk about when there is a pollution and forest fires and all kinds of stuff like that so that's what you measure this machine can measure yes particles that are even coarse or fine or ultra fine you can have these particle matters actually most of the time the damage that you probably having your health is are the ultra fine particles responsible however that's we are studying here what the health effects and we are trying to set some values and that's why we set the harmonized protocol for that with the monitoring studies when you have a machine like this what are the sensors on the box? Sensors are inside they are here we can see the inlets of the sensor so they have a pump inside everything is inside they are sensor with their pumps and they are sucking the air and it passes through the system of the sensor and they are detecting the particles is it a special way to detect with this machine or there's many other machines to detect at p.m. levels and everything? ok this sensor they are two for p.m. it's optical particle sensor which is for instrumental instrumentally one of the common way to measure p.m. so over 300 nanometers to 10 microns but normally, traditionally it's measured on the filters so you pass air with particles through filters and then you wait them and these in last years so it's instrumentalization of this measurement to do it optically and the novelty in this measurement is the ultra fine particle sensor which they exist on the market there exist several types of nanoparticle sensors but small and without working liquid and for easy use is one of few and this system is unique that integrates these three types of measurement so you have just one file with all your data and not several devices and when you just take your suitcase and go to the field wherever you need it to put so we call it all in one device Do you have many customers for this? We are starting so we want first to go to the organization which control the safety and health which are doing the control in the companies dealing with with the dangerous materials but there is problem with nanomaterials because there are no normative and so the companies are not forced to measure it but their employees can be seriously affected by these particles so we want to promote it and get the people to understand that it's important to measure it So you have conversations here with like policymakers, politicians or universities or companies or but we are going to discuss our our project but it's the first day of an explorer conference but our aim is to make it clear what's the operation of the device and how it will help and improve our knowledge and fill the gaps that we still have from that field I guess it's a big priority for many politicians to improve the air and all of the world not just in Spain not just in Greece, not just in China they're very interested in this right? Do you have customers there? With China it's difficult I think it's the most difficult because there is definitely necessity to improve this but the industry doesn't want want it because about changing normative and rules in nanofield we have heard 15 years ago many years ago but nothing has changed so our belief that there is some industrial lobby who doesn't want these changes because they don't mean a lot of cost additional cost and maybe some reduction of production efficiency and so if we don't know about it it doesn't exist But there's a lot of talk about it everywhere? Yes but nothing changed Almost say that they want better air they want it to control what's happening? Yes but we haven't seen the changes in this normative but we hope it will change soon and then there will be a need for a lot of suitcases Yes definitely and a lot of people will use your web platform We hope so to improve the organization In order to take some decision you need to have some measurement so we first we can measure you can make it known our project and our device and platform in order to convince that the necessity of take some measurement When I drive my car with the petrol inside right? There's nano stuff that comes out of it? Of course There are all types of particles and hazardous compounds volatile compounds and nano particles there are a lot of a lot of dangerous stuff in the petrol emission We need to measure it We need to measure it because it depends on this chemical composition of the size of particles and also the atmosphere if there is a lot of wind or if it rains and so it's really complex problem the control of emission from cars from everything There's also all the factories, the industry they do another kind of nano and deer Yeah All combustion processes produced nano particles and not only nano processes and it could actually be a worse problem than global warming some people say it could be related but this is related it actually is related atmosphere is not the glass and the system So when you do something when you burn, when you drive your car all these combustion pollutants combustion pollutants emission of the air with air circulation system and the water cycle also it's combined it's one system but When they talk about CO2 there's just one of the things there's so many other things that comes out of it Yeah but there are a lot of reactions in the atmosphere for the chemical reaction so the light of the sun also plays a significant role secondary organic cars also plays a significant role and all this probably has effects effects on our health So that's why we are interested in that part on human health and the environment also and maybe these combustion processes and these few drive the car the effect it's maybe more immediate or maybe stronger than the effect on the environmental system but because if you breathe a lot of nanoparticles so it's like smokers if you smoke so you have the probability to get lung cancer is much higher and the same if you live in the highly polluted city the same so the effect is much more rapid quick and maybe stronger for personally but the environmental is for the system all and maybe it can take years or decades but the smoking it could be like one way to speed things up if you can show the politician but it's been talked about for many years but maybe there's new science on this if you can show how much it damages people in the city then they will make it even faster priority and that will help everything else at the same time to electric cars but then they maybe also something weird and also you have to produce the electricity and the sources are limited if you use combustion for electricity production so it's the same problem so it's really a complex problem and this is our grant of descent all right cool, all right, thanks a lot some people can contact you yeah, yeah, of course you can find here on our site www.LeftNannexplore.eu all the information for the Nannexplore project all right cool, thanks a lot thank you very much so please introduce yourself yeah, so my name is Andreas Ofenhäuser I'm head of the institute of bioelectronics it's the Foschungszentrum Jürich in Germany Foschungszentrum Jürich in Germany is funded by the Hamilton's association in Germany and we are working on the coupling of biological systems with electronic devices and what are you talking about at your presentation? so today I was talking about the use of nano tools to enhance the coupling of the electrical signals of neurons to electronic devices like metal electrodes and so on so it doesn't mean you're connecting the brain to the computer? oh, this is the final goal but of course we are not there and so we are working mostly on in vitro systems so that means systems which are cultured in the dish in the lab and we are mostly not using these experiments for in vivo studies even we do so so we do experiments with living tissue also with living animals does a neuron just work like plus minus like you just connect some power and it works so yes and no, so in principle the action potential of a neuron is a signal which can be seen as a spike so in this case it would mean it's a little bit like a plus and minus or an on and an off but in principle it's an analog signal for instance if a signal is coming from a post-synaptic neuron sorry, from a pre-synaptic neuron onto a post-synaptic neuron then of course it's a post-synaptic signal and this is a very small signal and this is an analog signal yes, it is a kind of a binary signal but especially if you look into synaptic signals they are more analog signals and when you get into the brain you just need higher resolution and it works? a lot of things have to be solved so first of all it has to be compatible with the brain so that means only a few materials are allowed which go into the living body in the human body then it has to withstand body fluids for a long time otherwise it gets dissolved very quickly and so there are many things to be solved and in addition it does not need to lead to body reaction so as car formation then because otherwise the complete device is shielded and it's not it's useless so many things to do and I think a long way to go So I've heard of two brain computer interfaces the one Elon Musk is talking about he wants to make a hole and put some stuff inside the brain and there's an open water that's using light and they can read what's going on stuff like that with refraction but what is the goal of what you're working on what are you trying to do? So we work more on the fundamentals on how to interface neurons with devices but of course at the end this should be used for understanding the brain so still the brain is a mystery and to better understand how the brain is working one really needs to understand how the signals in the brain are created, communicated and transferred and to doing so one needs methods which allow us to study the signals So either if you go for a better understanding of the brain or if you go for let's say creating devices to help people which are injured and cannot use the legs anymore I think whatever you do I think you need to improve the devices and to improve the coupling of the devices to the neurons When I heard Mary Lou Jepsen talk about some studies she saw 10 years ago where people watching YouTube videos and then they could just think about something and the computer could recreate the video just based on what they were thinking So basically you could think about your passed away family member and then your children will actually get an idea of how they were and it sounds like it's just a question of seeing what the brain is doing in high resolution and it's like an MRI or something like that But is that something different or you're talking about something like that No, I'm talking something different because I think with an MRI you typically record very large samples of neurons So you talk about activities in brain areas But I don't think that this is enough to really understand how the brain is working I think you have to go to ideally onto the single neuron level and to do this you need better devices you need better better electrodes How do you connect? Yeah, I mean I mentioned this yesterday in my talk So connecting to single neurons by nano tools is possible But of course we have to see if this is also working in vivo We haven't done this so far We can test this But I think these are the points to be solved Yeah So there's some nano system that you kind of like inject a touch to the Yeah And you do that in vitro Now we do it in vitro So we connect neurons in vitro to our devices They work very nicely But of course it has not been tested so far in vivo How do you get neurons in vitro to be acting like they should in vivo So neurons can be cultured So typically you prepare cultures of neurons by dissecting embryonic neurons for instance mouse brain or rat brains One can also go to stem cells as an alternative way So one can use IPSC cells to create neuron-like structures So there are many possibilities So there are let's say a very large variety of model systems for in vitro neuroscience studies and we use a couple of them How far are we from actually the whole thing happening in vivo and are we talking about Terminator What is happening, what is the next step and how far is the next step There are many next steps I think one next step is biocompatibility of this implants So most of the implants are only used for short term or maybe a couple of months So I think the devices need to be more stable so that people are willing to get them implanted I mean nobody is doing this operation for let's say half a year or a couple of months So this is the one thing On the other side we have to get better resolution from the neurons So getting close to single cell resolution from neurons This is a far term goal There is one comment Sounds like the tech assists in pushing muscle impulses to external devices Is it Are you pushing muscles getting the impulses by devices or are you just reading mostly reading So reading the signals from neurons Does it make sense to do the other way too Of course especially if you think about implants the other way is very interesting So for instance if you think about let's say people losing their vision or their hearing then of course you need to get the input Then input is also very important Like visual cortex Either in the visual cortex or in the retina or in the cochlea or in the cortex for hearing How far are we in science in understanding neurons You think we know a lot we just need to start experimenting with it or there is so much we don't know and how do we get to know more So I think we know already quite a lot and I think this knowledge is maybe also a little bit diverse because it is spread a little bit between disciplines but I think we still need to improve techniques technologies to further advance our understanding I think advancing understanding was always connected to advancing technology and I think this is also this needs also be here in the neuroscience area And is enough being done in Europe so much more needs to be done and how do you get more done The students are there they are interested to work on this stuff So in Europe I think we missed a little bit the chance what the US did So they had this brain project in the US and from this brain project many new devices were developed and new approaches were developed to interface with the brain In Neuron we focus more on data science So it's more computational neuroscience This is also important but I guess we missed a little bit the chance to go also into the direction of experimental neuroscience But things are moving now You are at the conference you are interacting with decision makers you are having a lot of conferences or many people are watching what you are talking about or what would you say not just yourself but in the ecosystem The ecosystem I would say Europe is still focusing more on numerical neuroscience rather than on these experimental approaches like the US is doing So I would say a more balanced approach would be better and one has to convince decision makers EU policy to convince people that a balanced approach is a better approach We can't let those Americans be the brain We tend to think we are smarter than them so we should be the brain Hopefully Thank you We did a video yesterday and you have some ideas to speak some more about The reason I like to go on on this discussion because I like to make a correlation between the freeze drying process and nanotechnology and there have been a lot of discussions what we do and what can we do for nanotechnology and what is real is that the government worldwide spent more money on nanotechnology in the past years than in the Apollo project The spending trend is still going upwards The drying is an indispensable operation in the fabrication of nano sized materials Hence it is no surprise to find a large number of papers published in the past decade on drying and nano related materials Freeze drying was found application in production on nano particles for electrochemical environmental engineered materials and pharmaceutical industries The retention of the homogenous properties typically found in a solution the small size of particles produced and the long life long self life obtained for pharmaceutical applications are the primary reasons for choosing freeze drying The relatively cheap operation cost compared to the supercritical fluid extraction is another reason Freezing was found to be a very important step in obtaining desired particle size and properties Primarily drying of solvent sublimation should be carried out at a temperature below the collapsed temperature Cryoprotectants are frequently necessary in preserving the original properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients Spray freezing into fluid was found to be an optimal operation in order to minimize the air liquid in the facial laws of bioactivity A continuous freeze drying process for production of granules of non particles would be in demand a dream that freeze drying researchers have had for over a decade This freeze drying may be carried out under vacuum or at atmospheric pressure using proper gases freeze drying is commonly used in nanoscience and nanotechnologies Rapid tests Biological and clinical applications Diagnostics Nanofood Nanomedicine are some of the subjects commonly used freeze drying process In other words whenever nanotechnology is found freeze drying has become a vital processing tool This is something which made freeze drying a very important tool for the pharmaceutical industry All these high technology industries they produce special products Our company is producing freeze dryers from a very small size for laboratory use to big scale of equipment for industrial products We cover everything and we cover companies all over the world We can remind people the name of your company The company is called Superco Engineering and all the products are named Geller They are coming in the market with the name Geller So you re-emphasize the importance and the connection with nanotechnology field Definitely Interesting for everybody here Definitely, for these people that are working on nanotechnology it's a very important tool and I have mentioned this to all these responsible persons who created this congress In fact freeze drying process is not concentrated in nanotechnology it's concentrated in many fields like food industry medicine pharmaceutical industry and so on It has a big variety of applications When you master this you achieve more In this industry and many other industries You know how to freeze dry and you do it perfectly and you have a good quality hardware to make it happen Absolutely I explained you yesterday the whole process It's not necessary to go back to details now but as I told you that this is a very important tool which makes the product coming out of freeze drying process has a very long life You mentioned yesterday you have a whole bunch of other stuff that you want to talk about Are they totally unrelated They are totally unrelated and I would like to go back on such a discussion with another opportunity that we meet together to explain a lot of other things So at the moment I would like to concentrate technically on this congress and only in this congress Alright So the discussions continue with all the people that are here and tonight is a gala dinner It's going to be even more discussions happening I hope that I'll be able to explain more things to all those they are interested to listen what we are doing in fact And I guess your roadmap has a bunch of future next gen products Definitely yes We have an outgoing research and development We have invested a lot of money in research and development and in machinery Yes Our deep knowledge on this subject will give in the very near future absolutely top quality products Enable things people haven't thought of before Of course We are in a process now to commercialize a top product which of course I cannot right now give it on the air to be a revolution Really? So you are an important part of the of the industry I think so and what means industry what means industrial production and what means let's say quality production I've learned it all these years I'm as a businessman as an engineer working in all over Europe and this was let's say the key point that we placed quality in the production on the first level So I'll add this to your video from yesterday, we can put them together Thank you very much Cool, thanks a lot Yeah it was great You close it? I'll put you in a break in a chat for one minute I tried to find some people to be interviewed sorry if you're waiting and looking through this video in the next 25-20 minutes there will be some presentations right here and I'll connect the sound so you can get that on So I'll just keep on the post screen right now and if I can find somebody more to interview 20-25 minutes until the show continues Sorry about the wait, have fun waiting Ladies and gentlemen Good afternoon Welcome to Nanotechnology 2022 The 19th International Conferences and Exhibition of Nanoscience, Nanotechnologies Organic Electronics and Nanomedicine Today we have this plenary session The first we have some presentation and a presentation about the conference and then the greetings from authorities and we follow with three distinguished professors who present the three lectures and after the ending we will have the gala dinner at Porto Palace here in this building in the roof garden the official dinner where all of you and all people participate in these conferences and schools of this conference So I would like to to bring to your attention the quizzes and greetings of our president of Hellenic Republic Mrs. Katerina Sakeropoulou and also in the opening remarks you will have all the officials you wait also to see our deputy minister of interior but let's start with the introduction of this event This event actually runs in parallel in life, on site in person but also virtual actually runs two conferences in parallel the last three years since 2020 since march to 2020 we decided to run these conferences on site and virtual because at that time you have the ability to have with us to make some experiments the previous years this platform the alpha view platform which is the platform of Mr. Minister the alpha view platform which developed from the Greek people Dr. Fostiropoulos Konstantinos who is somewhere there Konstantinos and his brother Nikos Fostiropoulos in Germany they used previous years in experiments either here in this conference or in nanoscience nanotechnology master degree and then the idea from Konstantinos Fostiropoulos over there it was to use it as a platform for running the virtual conference so we decided in march in the beginning of the pandemic in 2020 to run the conference in both modes live and virtual just to give you some numbers since then 2020 how things change for example you can see here in this example this graph how change the numbers of participants at least in percentance from 2020 2020 to 2020 the blue one is the participants on site and you can see that actually this year are more than twice in percentance than the previous year and how reduce this one we hope the next year this number to reduce but as you discuss already with other people you believe that the new tools discovered or applied the last few years they give us the possibility people who it was impossible to participate in virtual mode to be participate the next year so in this planarization our three distinguished professor will give the lectures after the greetings just to remind you that the annual event of this annual event explore the opportunities and solutions in the emerging fields of nanotechnologies organic electronics and nanomedicine and contribute to green digital decarbonized industry and smart society so these are the five, six different events which run in parallel but I will say few words in few minutes in more detail but in technology it's not something which works on dimension on nanodimensions but is an area of interdisciplinary and polythematic area with numerous application nowadays products and solutions in all industries actually in all economic sectors and of course in the society just to remind you that it's not only physics, chemistry, biology which converts initially in order to give the first results in 2000 almost in 2000 but today all the disciplines are involved in this revolution let's say and using the principles and the laws of nanotechnology or the ways of working we have the results in all fields of science technology innovation product industry, society and economy the numbers for example the nanotechnology market with almost 6 trillion dollars in 2021 and expected to be more than 7 trillions this year as well as number of new companies startups spin-off or SMEs companies it's this which referred to impact of nanotechnologies to our society and of course you understand that those who already use or they have make the applications are those who have all this market this product and this richness no just coming back now to this multi event the multi event is involves three international conferences starting from the classical on nanoelectronics on talking about ionorganic semiconductors this technology initially electronic, microelectronics and now the nanoelectronics going to and based on ionorganic semiconductors you move to organic semiconductors the Nobel Prize given 2000 with the second conference which is on organic printed and flexed electronics the third conference is the continuation related with a 3D printing and bio printing and of course all these events go together with the schools, three schools run in parallel and started last Saturday we have more than 65 students this year and in parallel within this area you can see also the exhibition more than 40 exhibitors are involved together with a much making event will take place tomorrow during the day so in few words you can see here the first workshop the first conference the nanotechnologies nanoscience conference involves five well established workshops the first one is on the classical ionorganic materials the nanoelectronics let's say the second related to both organic nanobiomaterials and polymers the third works on a new field where nanotechnology and modern biology brings and relate to the health to medicine, nanomedicine the fourth is the new field which is related to sensors biosensors and bioelectronics and the fifth with a graphene and relate materials the two dimensional materials actually so moving to the second conference which is related to mostly to organic semiconductors you see the conferences on materials organic and photovoltaics and perovskites the third generation of photovoltaics actually OLEDs transistor sensors all printed the internet of things and the wearables together with a number of new special conferences for example agrivoltaics it's a new era the workshop open innovations of the desation and the computation modeling and other workshops and finally the third conference which deals with 3D printing and bio printing and artificial intelligence and active manufacturing so as I mentioned previously also special workshops one of these which started this year is the agrivoltaics will take place during Thursday afternoon and the schools 3 schools which run in parallel started in lectures on last Saturday and will finalize next Saturday so the expo with 40 exhibitors and this much making event where you talk about people participate talk about the technology transfer from academia research to industry many thanks to all plenary keynote and invited speakers more than 150 from 65 countries participated this conference many greetings thanks to our ministers five ministers which support us and of course to all sponsors and exhibitors and now as I started in the beginning I would like to bring the official greetings for our president of the Hellenic Republic this is Katarina Sakira Ropoulou and I would also like to ask our minister of interior for Macedonia and Thrac Mr. Stavros Calafatis who is representative of the presidency of the Greek government to give a short speech and to welcome you here in the Saloniki in this conference please Mr. Calafatis thank you for coming ladies and gentlemen the public and private sector are already moving into the new world that is emerging it is digital we are living in the era of the fourth industrial revolution the era of industry 4.0 of new technologies and create challenges Prime minister Kiliakos Misotakis has said the digital transformation of the country as one of the government's priorities on one hand and on the other hand supporting the digital transition of the private sector research and innovation aiming to create new or substantially improved products processes and services in this process the Saloniki can take the lead to win over the world that is ahead and it is already taking important steps it is the Saloniki Macedonian Thrac the regions where innovation giants have chosen to invest it is the Saloniki who are under the umbrella of the Macedonian Thrac sector and Ministry of Interior the Alexandria Innovation Zone is already operating with a very important role as a coordinator and accelerator of innovative ideas and projects it is nothing Greece that has a unique human capital thanks to its higher educational institutions we are working consistently and optimistically in this direction the government universities and the business world are joining forces to bring tomorrow closure that is why we support efforts like yours we see nanotechnology as a national effort and an opportunity to showcase innovations new technologies, scientific and technological achievements and new entrepreneurship thanks to the LTFN Nanotechnology Laboratory of the Aristotle University of the Saloniki and the HOPE A Association of Nanotechnology Companies Science and the labor market are perth and researchers scientists and entrepreneurs from the fields of nanotechnology energy and digital innovation from every comer of the world from 65 countries come together we look forward to your ideas that generate the new the different the best I wish you every success in the works of your public offerings thank you very much I hope you enjoy the stay you stay here at the Saloniki thank you very much now you have greetings Mr Ioannis ok Σαρικιώτης member of Greek Parliament and representative of president of Syriza Progressive Alliance are ready to say On behalf of the former Prime Minister and president of Syriza Progressive Alliance Mr Alexis Tsipras allow me to express his gratitude for the honorable invitation this highly esteemed conference in terms of each contribution scientific dialogue and the evolution of future technologies as well as their added value to innovation in addition let me thank you for giving us the opportunity to present a limited framework of Syriza Progressive Alliance positioning already reported in public dialogue Via these positions we have given emphasis on the need for expenditure rise for research and innovation the focus on sectors such as humanities and social science the development of technological ecosystems of open source hardware within the country and their prices research centers etc the investment to our countries new and highly educated human capital the field of nanotechnology among others could contribute into the management and the dealing with major challenges such as public health crisis its contribution became obvious during the pandemic and I am sure that it could successfully do this again in the future there is only one condition for that the political system and the research community as well as other intervening entities should pay the necessary attention in order this field to become the axial viable of the countries defense mechanism able to deter any threat of such kind to this aim the contribution of the nanotechnology lab LTFM of Aristotle University of Salomiki by the president of Hopay Mr Stelios and his team is decisive the aforementioned lab coordinates a series of relative European programs as it happened in the case of the pandemic with real nano and flex function to sustain with which it is a core partner it is worth to remind the proposal and the approval of use case by the directorate general for research and innovation of the European commission within the framework of antivirus surfaces development on flexible plastic beddings strengthening in parallel the interconnection with other European open innovation ecosystems specialized biomedical technology while the research participation international congress low-pec 2022 in Munich is also worth to be underlined please let me conclude referring to published studies and relevant reports estimating the cost of brain drain having taken place in Greece up until 2016 to 15.3 billion euros this is a national problem which we made efforts to counter during the city's government via well structures measures such as the establishment of a Hellenic foundation for research and innovation the introduction of the programs research create innovate and equifant aiming to the development and implementation to technological applications related with workforce industrial revolution such as nanotechnology, protonics biomedicine, advanced materials computer science and mainly artificial intelligence having shared these thoughts with you I would like to thank you again for this honorable invitation of the party of Syriza Progressive Alliance its president Mr. Alex Tsipras and me as the head of research and technology sector in our political entity saluting the start of the international multi event nanotechnology 2022 and congratulating its hosts and the participants I wish this event to reach productive and fruitful conclusions contributing to the shaping of all those necessary decisions and the promotion of research and knowledge economy in our country Thank you Thank you very much I would like to ask our major of city Mr. Kostadinos Zervas to welcome you here in Thessaloniki Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends I would like to welcome you to the city of Thessaloniki for the 90th international conference on nanoscience and nanotechnologies It's an honor and a joy for our city to host prestigious scientific conferences as this one and also it is a pleasure for all of us to host scientists from all over the world I would like to congratulate Professor Lobothetidis and his associates in the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki as in the private sector for his effort as well as for his accomplishments Let me tell you few words about our city, about our administration during which we applied digital transformation policies we are working intensively in the direction of transforming Thessaloniki city of Thessaloniki into a smart city we claimed and secured resources of 20 million euros for the implementation of this strategy we digitalized more than 70 services that we provide to the citizens we established the digital transformation and digital skill center in partnership with Cisco few hundred meters from here we operate OK Thess it's a leading startup hub and a catalyst for the growth of the local innovation ecosystem and also we collaborate with the city's universities Aristotle University Thessaloniki University of Macedonia International University of Thessaloniki in many ways we set our goals high sustainability a climate a neutral city a circular economy strengthening the brand of Thessaloniki as a hub of innovation and development all of this it's always in our agenda Thessaloniki can lead the way the city has every prospect and all the comparative advantages to succeed an important geographical position universities that excel in teaching, research and of course the right people Allow me to close saying few words about our city the city of Thessaloniki a huge effort is being made in the field of infrastructure and regeneration that will transform the city our city into a modern urban European city with a high quality of life for inhabitants as long for visitors and for investors we have in brand new airport a port that is being expanded and modernized and the metro will be completed by the end of 2023 Thessaloniki is now chosen by many major companies international global companies such as Pfizer Cisco, Deloitte, CHAP while at the same time many new high standards hotels of large groups are establishing big projects like the Holocaust Museum a few hundred meters from here are under construction and will attract people from all around the Balkan, the Mediterranean Europe Thessaloniki International Fair Development will transform the city center in the next five years creating a new exhibition in the Trepranar area along with the gentrification of Aristotle Square and neighborhoods all over the city all these constitute a vote of confidence from the market people regarding Thessaloniki prospects so I wish you all successes during this seven days international conference as well as your efforts and your professional professional efforts of your hope to see again all of you who came for the first time in the city of Thessaloniki and find all the possibilities that this city of 23 centuries can offer to your Prof. Agothetidis thank you once again I would like to ask our deputy director representing our university Prof. Fidesch Kharala my school professor of geology to say a few words and welcome you also in Thessaloniki thank you Dear president of the conference Dear mayor Dear distinguished participants ladies and gentlemen the nanotechnology 2022 international conference organized by the nanotechnology lab of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki is an internationally established multi event which has become a long starting transition from the last two decades it attracts several hundreds of world class scientists, researchers and innovators from more than 65 countries around the world its successful transition from a small scale event started 2004 at the department of physics of our university to an internationally established multi event proves that the scientific community of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki has gained momentum beyond the Greek borders the new scientific developments and cutting edge edge technologies in nanotechnologies organic electronics and nano medicine presented in this multi event bring out the innovations products and applications that will strongly improve our everyday lives and protect our health moreover they emphasize are the high level of scientific research excellence as well as the talent and the passion of our personal and young scientists the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki is pleased and proud to host in our city such an important scientific conference our university is the largest educational and research establishment in Greece and one of the largest in southeast Europe with close to 60,000 students and 8000 professors and scientists established in 1925 the institution is named for the famous philosopher Aristotle who said the foundations of science the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki during the pandemic strongly contributed to the contentment of pandemic to the development of novel methods of measuring the spread of the virus to the treatment of past passions to the creation of new products to compact the virus and finally to informing the public our scientific staff are world-class innovators that are internationally acknowledged and one such example is the president of the organizing committee of nanotechnology professor Stergios Logothetidis and the staff of the nanotechnology lab that it was founded at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 1991 the nanotechnology lab is an internationally acknowledged innovator that drives the development of new technologies in nanotechnology organic electronic nano-medicine and digital manufacturing it provided high-level education and to dozens of young scientists and researchers who currently follow a very successful career in Greece and abroad it has rapidly involved world-class research center and a center of excellence it created a successful innovation ecosystem in our region with startups the research and thematic network nanonet the industrial association HOPE A and finally the international conference no technology multi-event promoting the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki internationally therefore on behalf of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki it is my great pleasure to welcome you at the nanotechnology 2022 and to wish you a fruitful and productive participation and enjoyable time in our city of Thessaloniki I hope that through this event you will be new collaborations and common activities as well as to inspire you to generate new results and innovations thank you very much Rector of University of West Prof. Theodoros Tadolidis thank you for coming every year you are here thank you very much thank you for inviting me again dear officials organizers and delegates it's a really great feeling to address live scientific audience after two and a half years of restrictions although Prof. Logothetidis last year in the middle of the Covid pandemic also managed to organize a hybrid event so I congratulate him and the organizers of this conference which is a world class event that focuses on the latest advances on nanoscience and nanotechnologies 65 countries is an amazing number I also welcome the participants wishing at the same time informative presentations and fruitful scientific exchanges coming from another scientific sector I am astonished to see the great interest and potential in the field of nanotechnology you are in one of the hottest fields at the forefront of scientific production now I represent a nearby university in the west part of Macedonia actually this is the northwest part of Greece where a great transition has started followed by complete economic transformation due to the decarbonization that will take place in a region which used to be the energy production center of the country for many decades according to the master plan and the corresponding operational program that was recently approved by the European Union about 1 billion euros will be available from this fall until 2028 half of this will be directed to research innovation entrepreneurship so here is an opportunity therefore I invite you to take a closer look in our region and think of collaborating investing establishing R&D departments innovating with or without our university for now I wish you a great time both in the conference and in the beautiful city of the Saloniki thank you so now we are ready to start with the plenary session with the three talks given by three distinguished professors and first of all we will try to start with Professor Paul from Max Plancker we will talk about received his physics degree in 1988 and his PhD in 1992 on glass on gas arsenide cadmium wells and then joined the phillips results laboratories working on OLED materials and devices in 2000 he appoint as a professor of University of Cranigan in 2008 he joined the course center in Eidhoven a scientific director in 2012 joined the Max Planck Institute of Polymer Research in major in main story director of molecular electronics is the author of more than 350 papers and in his filter and with a high H indexer H7 he got the European Union prize in 2003 for the development of organic light emitting diodes and in 2015 he got the whole center mental on his contribution of organic electronics so professor Paul Blom you are the you can start I think you are ready you are welcome even from distance to our nanotechnology and you hope next time to have a closer here in order to have together in Thessaloniki this nanotechnology conference I'm sorry it's not ready you see all things can help this virtual presentation but sometimes also we have these connections now you have to move to the second it's ready ok so sorry but you have to move to the second presenter professor Moroni Lorenzo Moloni let me see in the screen you had a studied bio-medical engineering at Polytechnical of Milano and also nanoscience nanotechnologists in the University he received his fantastic in 2006 at twenty University working on 3D scaffolds for superstar HONDRAL generation in Τι εγώ Didt joined Johns Hopkins University working as a Sports Doctoral Fellow and later 2009 to 2014 he joined again the University of Tuente where in 2014 he founded the Merlin Institute of Technology και μετά με την ΑΕΤΕΡΙΤΥΝ. Το 2016 έγινε να είναι ένα πιο πρόφεσιο στην πιορφαμβουλία για την ΑΕΤΕΡΙΤΥΝ, και το 2017 έγινε να είναι η πιο πιο πιο ευρωπακάδησης της Ευρώπης, και το 2019 είναι η πιο ευρωπακάδηση της ΕΤΡΙΤΥΝ. Προφέσσιο Λορετζο Μορωνι, πρόσφεσαι σε αυτή την ευρωπακάδηση της 2022. Ευχαριστώ για την ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΙΙΤΥΝ και για την ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΙΤΥΝ. Ενώ μπορώ να δούμε αν μπορώ να μιλάω την ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΙΤΥΝ. Ευχαριστώ για την ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΥΝ και ευχαριστώ για την ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΥΝ. Είμαστε εδώ στο Μερλανίσιο για την Ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΥΝ. Ευχαριστώ για την ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΥΝ. Είμαστε εδώ στο Μερλανίωσιο, για να μιλάω την ευρωπακάδηση της ΚΕΙΤΥΝ. Στην παράδειγμα της μυαφαβρικασίας, η τεκνολογία που μιλάμε για να μιλάμε για μυαφρύνταση ή μυασσέμπλή, σε δυνατές παράδειγμαστεί, βρισκόμαστε, επίσης, κοντρώνουμε στον σπίτι και την ώρα, το δισπλασσμό, και το δισπλασσμό στον σπίτι της μυαφρύντασης, τα μυαφρύντασης και άλλες μυαλογικές φεκτοσύντασης και την τεχνική προσπή της εργασίας που βρίσκονται στον σπίτι. Αυτό που βρίσκονται από το μυαλφρύντασης, αυτό είναι κάνει από την εξαιρεία από τραγικές τεκνολογές και από το βαδίγμα της εξαιρείας. Θα δώσω ένα παράδειγμα για το σπίτι της μυαλφρύντασης και ένα αυτοκρότημα της εργασίας που βρίσκονται από την εργασία της εργασίας. Στην ότι ο πραγματικός καθμόματος χρησιμοποιήσαμε μυαλφρύντασης από τα μυαλογικά και μυαλφρύντασης,αυτό που μπορούμε να καταλάβουμε, να βρίσκουμε ένα μυαλφρύντασης. Τώρα, μιλάμε για τη μηχανά, όταν κοιμήσαμε σκέφτες, που είναι σημαντικές πόρες, σαν να είναι σκέφτες που χρησιμοποιούμε στην μας κομμάτι να μιλήσουμε σκέφτες, όπως ανάμεσα από δυο φορές που έχουμε εσάς να μιλήσουμε τα δυο φορές, όπως η μηχανά είναι η σκέφτες. Μιλήσουμε για τη μηχανά, όταν αυτές μηχανά έχουν απόστασή πόρες ή σκέφτες που κοιμήνουν τα ίδια σύνθετα πολλοί πολυγές νερόποτες και δελαμίες το μνήμα του πριν στο όρομα που πίζει στην περίπου μας, σαν να γίνουμε πρωταίες στη μηχανά, και για τα πόρεςcommittee που ένιωζα αυτά. Τα πόρες που έχουν αυτά τα νεροπορπιά, peroorthe are prevailing in many of our body compartments and certainly in bones joints and also tendons ligaments which are of primary importance. Not only biological gradients as I mentioned earlier, but also structural and physical chemical gradients, so gradients in terms of different physical and chemical properties of the biological tissue. Εδώ βλέπουμε ένα παράδειγμα εξέντρων πώς αυτές τις μυαλόγικες γραμμές μπορούν να αλλάξουν τον τέτοντο σχέδιο, όπως το τέτοντο σχέδιο στους τέτοντος, όπου είναι σχέδιο. Τώρα, όταν έρχεται για στιγμή ή στιγμή φυσικογραμμές, σε πολλές φορές του μυαλόγικου σχέδιο, αυτό έχει been approximated by discretizing essentially the spatial orientation and the spatial disposition of materials to create such kind of scaffolds for regenerative medicine. Εδώ έχουμε ένα παράδειγμα που έχει δυο τέτονες τεκνόγες, που έχουν δημιουργεί, για παράδειγμα, μικρόσφυρο, σύμπρου, σε φαίσια C, σορτλίτσιν ή προσχέδιν, που βλέπουν σε φαίσια B, και για να βάζουμε σε φαίσια A. Τρεις τεκνόγες δυο τεκνόγες που εξετάξουν να βάζουν πόρεις μέσα σε μυαλόγικου, δυο τεκνόγικου. Αυτό το τεκνόγικο σύμπροσφυρο στις σύμπροσφυρος δυο τεκνόγικου, but are limited into the biological response that can elicit when cells are interfaced with the scaffolding cells, and therefore when they are placed in vivo, therefore in an animal model that is used before going to the clinic, the amount of tissue and the quality of tissue that can be regenerated is of limited quality. What we have thought of in our lab is to recreate actually more continuous gradients of this physical chemical characteristic of materials that can be used during printing by essentially combining classical extrusion based additive manufacturing with classical material blending. So we have recreated two compartment printer head that actually enables to add in a graded manner a second material composition into a carrying material. Typically we have used inorganic fillers thinking about our bones that are typically composed of inorganic materials such as calcium phosphate and in particular hydroxyapatite into a biodegradable polymeric carrier. You see here on the videos how this material composition can be changed in space on the fly, so during actually the printing of every single layer whereas on the pink color we have used the food dye for demonstration purposes. On the right video you see actually that the composition has changed from white to more brownish composition, where the brownish composition actually is a continuously increased amount of different kind of ceramic fillers such as nano-hydroxyapatite or azirconium phosphate or hydroxyl talcite or hydroxyl talcite. Now by changing actually not only the chemistry but also the concentration of each of these fillers we can also change and modulate the mechanical properties of the resulting porous biomaterials or scaffolds as I call them up to 600% increase in compression compared to the compressive models or the tensile models or in this case of the pristine polymer used in the composite material. How these kinds of gradients can be useful in the context of regenerating a piece of bone in our body that does not heal by itself. Our bones in principle in our body can actually do quite a good job when we break them apart from the fact from those cases where the fractures are so complex and so large that actually they are impossible to break the broken defect. In this case we do use and we do look actually for alternatives to help the bone in our body to actually bridge that gap and restore bone functionality and so these are called so-called non-union fractures and typically we have several different cases where we change actually the concentration of the nano-hydroxyapatite from the distal side of the scaffold of this porous scaffold towards the central part of the infant or vice versa. We have the highest amount of nano-hydroxyapatite concentration in the center of the defect and this decreases as we go to the distal area of the defect and therefore adjacent to the bone stumps here on the bottom part of the scaffold that we would like to join together again. These kind of scaffolds again if you compare them with discrete gradients are also much more mechanically format. You can see also this in the video where on the case of the discrete gradient you see clearly that in the discrete areas the scaffolds actually tend to break whereas on the continuous gradient the scaffold essentially collapse without breaking until actually the case almost together. By scattering electron microscopy we can also quantify and indeed confirm that there is a more gradual change of nano-hydroxyapatite in the continuous gradient scaffold compared to the discrete gradient. Now before going to actually testing these kind of scaffolds in any more study, in a so-called preclinical study we typically test in vitro if the scaffolds are also performing according to our criteria, design criteria. One way to do this is to see the adult stem cells that are known that they can differentiate into bone cells which are called osteoglasts. So what Maria did in this case was to take a different concentration of hydroxyapatite, the 45% gradient or 20% gradient and go through this with a pristine polymer scaffold. We see that in general these kind of scaffolds independently from the amount of hydroxyapatite and support the secretion of two different kinds of proteins which are known to be involved in bone formation. Alpha and phosphatase which is typically an early protein that is separated by osteoglasts and osteocalcin which is a late marker for bone formation. More interestingly, when she looked at a final function or say which is to test if cells are also able to produce hydroxyapatite themselves, Maria actually found that not only this is possible and it's increasing with increasing amount of hydroxyapatite present into the composite scaffolds, but it's also happening spontaneously in so-called basic media conditions of BM here which are conditions of nurturing the cells where no other biological factories included during the cultural activity. So essentially only because and thanks to the composition of the 45% composite scaffolds we can actually induce cells. So Suede as I said at the beginning of the presentation, the cells to produce actually mineral content in the scaffolds. We then indeed took these scaffolds and implanted them into a rabbit's critical defects. So we have taken a rabbit model where in the ulna, so in one of the let's say upper limb of the rabbit, we created a bone defect that could not spontaneously regenerate by itself. We then put the two different kinds of gradient scaffolds that I have mentioned earlier on and compare them with the homogenous content of 45% hydroxyapatite with the esteem polymorphidone and with an empty defect or with a positive control which is what normally is used in the treatment for these kinds of defects. What we have seen is that the two different scaffolds indeed supported much more bone formation compared to the homogenous composite scaffold with the highest amount of hydroxyapatite as well as with the esteem polymorphidone. Interestingly we also see that this actually is better when we do not add cells before implanting the scaffolds into the rabbit. So when we actually have cells in place, for some reason there seems to be much lower bone formation which again we know today is also due to possibly these cells being of a different rabbit, so of a different rabbit source origin. This in general also shows that with the right design of scaffolds and biomaterial, these are chemical properties without cells in place we can already induce the cells that are present into the animal to spontaneously reactivate and regenerate bone. This kind of technology can also be further complexed with another kind of deposition technology such as a plasma torch technology which actually can help us depositing on the scaffold in different layers, different kinds of surface chemistry. With this for example we can change the selectivity or how selectively cells can attach to different types of scaffolds. Why this would be useful? For example you can consider again tissues which are an interface between different kind of compartments in our body such as tendons again for example that join muscles with bones where on one part of the scaffold we would have a different kind of cell type with respect to the other part of the scaffold and therefore for example in the case of tendon we could imagine to have muscle cells on one side and bone cells on the other side. Now I'd like to show you also again another example of how these scaffolds can be designed to impart actually starting properties to cells. Again if we take bones as an example as we walk or as we run we know that we actually subject our bones to different kinds of mechanical loadings. These could be loadings not only that are different in the amplitude if we think about walking or running but also in terms of compression, tension and for example bending of the bones. Now one way for example to recreate this kind of mechanical loading would be to apply ultrasound and I come back in a second to that but why actually it's important to think about mechanical loading while designing this kind of porous biomaterials, this kind of scaffold because essentially with different kind of loading we actually also influence the cytoskeleton which is essentially the scaffolding system that our cells have inside their cellular memory. So one way actually to think about applying this kind of mechanical loading externally could be to use a ultrasound apparatus which is also something that is already used in the clinic and that actually is known to induce the proliferation of the cells in that bone fracture that I talked earlier about. Yet in this case we actually created scaffolds that would be able to vibrate to different kind of ultrasound waves or amplitudes in a way we have asked ourselves if with these kind of scaffolds our bone cells like more classic or rock music. How actually does that work in principle? So what actually Sandra did was to take to very well known materials in the biomaterial field, polyactic acid and polycapracton and she was able to mix them at a one-to-one ratio yet maintaining themselves, obtaining more biomechanical properties of these scaffolds but interestingly also in this case the scaffolds actually tend to host and support much better tissue formation. One of the main challenges in using scaffolds in the field of regionality mainly is that typically the work is so compacted it is so dense that the cells have a difficulty penetrating through the scaffolds themselves. Now by battling these scaffolds and creating this waviness bottom we actually can have a much larger pore and much easier accessible pores through which actually the cells can migrate into and actually populate the full thickness of the scaffold. We actually could achieve a full repopulation of up to one centimeter in thickness of these scaffolds whereas typically in literature it is known that already after 200 μμ to half a millimetre the cells will not be able to penetrate. We then put some special kind of cells which actually can emit light so they become luminescent in if actually they are in conditions for which they can produce specific growth factors and we typically were interested in cells that produce growth factors that are responsible for against skeletal tissue generation. So what we found out is that after only five days of culture in this wavy pattern cell that is the purple column here on the graph we were able to recreate significantly many more cells that emit light in these conditions so therefore that generate much more of these growth factors responsible for skeletal tissue formation. So again only by changing the scaffold patterning we were able actually to persuade and convince cells to produce certain biological factors that would be important to trigger the regeneration of the targeted tissue that we had in mind. Another again example of how this technology can be used to design certain features that can persuade the cells is in the context of the creation of vascular networks. In this case, what we have done was to generate a pattern of electrospan fibers that mimic the same pattern with which our vessels actually organize in our body. Again you see here on the first four figures in artificial patterns of these fibers and on the pictures E and F actually real blood vessels reconstructed into the lab. We then took the same endothelial cells and put them on this artificial hexagonal light and only after 14 days from culture we can again see that this pattern supports the organization of endothelial cells to regenerate this kind of blood vessel formation. Again you can see clearly here this blue light structure the green method around the black hole is actually endothelial cells forming in endothelial cell blood vessel. Before I end my presentation I also would like to show you a couple of examples where we use bio printing which is the same kind of technology that I have earlier talked about in the context of body manufacturing whereas in this case we process not only a material but a material that contains cells. Typically in our lab and in our strategy we always consider bio printing when we look at multiple tissues that need to be regenerated and ultimately going towards organ like structures where typically different kind of materials and different kind of cells interface with each other to put actually the tissue inspector, the organs in function. Now there are different kind of ways that cells can be produced by or can be processed by bio printing technologies typically they are carried into a hydrogen material and typically these cell laid in hydrogens can be either continuously dispensed and we talk about robotic dispensing in this case or dispensed as drop cell that are deposited next to each other and in this case we talk more about endothelial bio printing or laser induced forward transfer of bio printing. More novel technologies also work according to the magnetic and acoustic levitation principle whereas in this case through this levitation principle we can actually lift not only single cells but cluster of cells which are called typically spheroids or organoids in a specific spatial location and then by actually putting these spheroids of cells next to each other then we can recreate also a macroscopic tissue in a pre-determined a priori method. We actually work on different kind of applications within a group led by different kind of group leaders actually spanning from a highlight of longer answer for diabetic cases to cardiac tissue models to kidney in vitro models all the way down against skeletal and vascular neural network models. And to give you an example in the group of Carlos Motta one of the PI of the department we focus also on probably one of the most complex organ to be regenerating which is kidney and this is one of the most complex organ because there are more than 20 different specialized cell types in the organ and more than six different kind of functions that the organ need to solve. So in this case we have simpler model and we are decades and decades far away from really the dream of seeing a fully bioperated organ but we can today deposit specific biological cells in specific places to recreate at least a functionality of this more complex organ system. So in this case we have been able to recreate a filamentous construct that actually represents in all the cellular organization a innate tubuli which is responsible for the filtration of our blood whereas the green cells indeed are the innate tubular epithelial cells and the blue cells are the tubular cells that are responsible to maintain tubular structure vascularized and therefore to provide nutrients to the structure itself. And these kind of models could be used in the future for example to screen different kind of drugs that could be useful for the treatment of chronic kidney diseases for example. Another of these in vitro models that can be done with bioprinting is in the context of steroids. The thyroid is actually that gland in our body that is responsible for the thyroid hormone production which is also very much important to the growth of us from youth to adulthood. We actually use a specific bioprinting technique that combines extrusion based principle with micro fluid techniques that you can see here again the model that we can create with the brain dots being the cells that are in the gel and now also if we look at the functionality of these cells and look at these cell clusters we see that they can produce these thyroid hormones which is here with the color. Also in this case we are looking at vascularized structure as this kind of organ like structure is also much more sensitive to the availability of nutrients and therefore to maintain their functionality in time it's important to have also always a vascular network associated to the tissue. The last example that I would like to show you also in the context of bioprinting is that there is ample need to actually create new materials new hydrogels that can better mimic what happens in our body during actually the time we live. Let's say if we think about our skin for example the skin that we have today and the skin that we have tomorrow is going to be a completely different skin and so this means that many of our tissues in the body will change dynamically in time as we live. Many of the hydrogels that we use for bioprinting do not have that capacity. So it would be actually really nice to recreate dynamic networks into our hydrogels. This is also the work of another group of the department led by Matt Baker with whom actually we collaborate in the context of this project where a different kind of dynamic slinkers can be added where general otherwise static hydrogels made of algae to recreate actually self-feeling and dynamic materials so these materials can also be printed as you can see here by the creation of this vascular-like network and interestingly depending on how dynamic these cross-linkers are we can change again the morphology of the cells that are incorporated into the hydrogels from completely rounded morphology very spread morphology. All right, this is the end of the talk. Again I'd like to thank you for the kind invitation to introduce who I call for since a few years now my interdisciplinary hero. This field requires the teamwork between different kinds of disciplines spanning from chemistry to biology with a lot of different kinds of engineering disciplines. Here you see the faces and here you see some of the names of the group together also with some of the main key collaborators across Europe and in the US mostly. Thanks also to the funding body without which it would not be possible to do the research that we do and to be here talking to you and again thank you for your kind attention I'll be happy to take questions. Thank you Professor Reggio Moroni for this very interesting talk and the journey from the scaffolds to organs and your thoughts and we have time for one short question if it's possible to connect you from here. I see my friend Professor Mr Lis it's ready to ask I was looking whether he came or not and just I mentioned I saw you just a few minutes ago I was sure that you would have a question to Lorenzo. Please Professor Mr Lis. Hi Lorenzo, I'm Giannis from Patras. It was a very good overview of what technology and materials can do in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine but what caught my attention was your first slides talking about gradients. Now in the natural tissue organ in a living animal or human there is a flow of information which is dynamic not only mechanical, physical, biological but also as you know lately a lot extracellular vesicles containing all this information that's sent from one part to the other. My question is this in the so called I should say bio interface that is you create a new organ or a piece of tissue or bone or you name it and then it integrates with the rest of the body. Now when this flowing information reaches the part, the interface do you think it is distracted? It is like how to say ants going into a hole and they don't find the hole and they start going around but on top of that do you think in your systems it would be nice to introduce apart from other cues and specific extracellular vesicles that would be useful for the integration? Question. That was quite a difficult question as well. I don't think, I think it's a very very very point that you bring up Yannis and certainly a point where there is a lot of research that still needs to happen. What I showed at the beginning is clearly just a piece of the puzzle where you can recreate now with different kind of processing technologies such as additive manufacturing in part also such as retro spinning different kind of material gradients. You could, if you think about bioprinting you can certainly think of gradients also biological factors such as either gradients of cells for example. You could also imagine that you talked about extracellular vesicles also to bioprints those kind of extracellular vesicles as sort of capsules or nanocapsules of biological goodies if you wish that can be placed again in a specific location in the volumetric space that you want your tissue to be regenerated. The capacity of also playing with the dynamicity of the information that typically happens in our body is something that I think we are just starting to touch upon in the past one of the last examples that I have made is an example of how we can do this essentially by exploiting dynamic chemistry either this being by dynamic covalent chemistry or by supramolecular chemistry but in this kind of tools will give us in the future a lot of flexibility to at least approximate that dynamic exchange of biological information that happens in our body whether this is going to be enough to then indeed convince let's say all the cells at the interface to perform the required activity it's difficult to say from the examples that we have we have so far gathered in our lab and certainly in many other labs around the world that seems to be the case but for example one I think one question that I always find amusing for myself is how much and with which mechanism this dynamic information that you can give at the interface with the first layer of cells can be propagated across different kind of cell layers as you really go into a multicellular tissue this I think would be a very interesting fundamental question to give an answer to thank you professor Moroni thank you for this interesting lecture you are moved now to the second presentation plenary presentation given by professor Paul Blom the subject of this presentation is device operation of OLED based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence but after from Thessaloniki thank you for your participation professor Paul Blom can you see my screen ready? thank you very much first of all thank you very much for the invitation and my I'm really sorry I cannot be there in person it's a wonderful place and my apologies for not being online before I made a mistake in the time but today I would like to tell you some work we recently did on the understanding of next generation of OLEDs using thermally activated delayed fluorescence and of course the question we would like to answer is when we look at printed electronics is that we all know that you cannot really print very complex device structures with 8 layers or more that you preferably would print and make an OLED that has for example only one or two layers printed the problem is in the past that such a simple relatively simple device so for example one organic layer between two electrodes was a very low efficiency so the first question we have to solve or to show is that if you would make a really simple device so that you can print is it also to still get a high efficiency but that's a question I would like to address and what I will do first I will show some earlier result of polymer based LEDs so that we basically used as a work force to understand how organic LEDs in general work we'll say something about trapping and I will say something about single layer OLED that uses activated delete fluorescence and then something about how it works and about degradation so if you look on the efficiency of the early polymer LEDs based on PPVs like the so called super yellow PPV and then we know that the efficiency is dominated by a number of factors I'll stop this live stream right now sorry about the sound it sounds like it was cracking some bad sound there right there I don't know if I will be doing videos there otherwise if it's either tonight if somebody wants to be filmed tonight I might live stream it otherwise tomorrow check back tomorrow for more coverage here at the nanotechnology conference 2022 with the real people most of the time it's real people sometimes some people remote but thanks for watching sorry about the sound problem but you probably skipped it anyway if it's bad sound thanks for watching