 This study examined three different purchasing arrangements in Tanzania, each with its own unique features. The National Health Insurance Fund, NHF, uses a fee-for-service model, while the Social Health Insurance Benefits, SHIB, and Improved Community Health Fund, ICHF, both use capitation models. All three have their own unique benefit selection process, with NHF using standard treatment guidelines issued by the Ministry of Health, SHIB selecting providers based on the location of the provider, the range of services offered, and the willingness of the provider to be contracted, and ICHF using a combination of capitation and fee-for-service. Additionally, NHF has an electronic system to monitor registration, verification, claims processing, and referrals, while SHIB and ICHF rely on routine supportive supervision and utilization rates to monitor provider performance. This article was authored by August Kuoanerua, Susan Makawia, Peter Binyuruka, and others.