 Moving on towards rest of the important issues in assessment, another one which is very important is the security of the test. So once the test is being developed and it's applicable for the administration, it should be kept into a very secure place. It references to continuous maintenance and control of all test materials within a testing program. By only those individuals who are qualified or designated to have access on them. Why is this important? It's because it's important that the specialized tests that have been developed or purchased and copyrighted on them, and by illegally photocopying those tests and selling them in different centres, misusing them and making money out of them. Because these tests are very important and very costly and they can be purchased by authorized companies, they can only be purchased by QIACs or by those people who have no relevance to that discipline. So it's very important to take care of its security and we just can't randomly photocopy every manual, every test because it is highly unethical. Beech of security can have strong impact on standardization of tests, integrity of results and long term value of test itself. So, you know, if the security of the test is breached, then its integrity of the test itself will also be breached and there will be no use of that test in the long term. Then common forms of security breach, we can have a look on that. Breach of the test security comes in many forms. Some common examples may include unauthorized removal of test material from a test site. Like forcefully, if you remove any material from a test, whether it is online or on paper, it will be a very unethical practice and it will also be a security collapse. Then posting of test answers over the internet. For example, you are testing a group and you are going to do that on your personality profiling. You are sitting here in a test center and the results of that are probably maintained in complaints. But also by accident or by mistake or because of someone's intention, its scoring also comes on the internet along with the test. So, it means that the security has been breached. It has no authenticity because everyone can do it accurately. Then the results of that will be meaningless. So, we need to see that in any case, the results should not be available to the participants that what is going to be the correct answer for any item. Then a test taker asking another person to take the test in his or her place. The computer-based test is very common that you do not know who is sitting behind the screen. And someone else is sitting and testing a personality instead of you, who is an expert in this and he knows what the meaning of this item is in the assessment. Then unauthorized copying of copyright test material. This is exactly what we need to understand that while developing a test, we need to copy and misuse the other people's items of the test and make a part of your test to change its wording and translate its language and not claim your test. This is highly unethical. Then hacking into data storage locations to gain access to test results. Then what could be the consequence of security compromise? So, breaches in test security not only affect the measurement integrity. Of course, the integrity of the measurement would be zero if that test is breached. And its reliability will not be taken away. They are diminished the potential financial and social benefits associated with the testing. Let us say, an industry, an organization, an university, a lab, got 5 lakh rupees and then because of someone's mistake, it became photocopied and they purchased each of them for 200 rupees. So, you see that the social, the economical, the potential impact of that test would be undermined, it would be compromised. Then several risks associated with the poorly secured testing program are elaborated as follows. Decreased validity and reliability. Of course, both of these things would be compromised because if we talk about construction of tests, then along with this, when these things are breached, when people are getting things by photocopying, then you cannot see that assessment for a very long period of time consistently and you cannot claim that its validity and reliability will be sustained. Because the practice effect comes, people will practice it again and again. They will have photocopy sheets, they will score it themselves. And they will be very good enough in handling any personality test, any assessment test. Then ineffective selection procedures are important thing to be discussed, like reduced validity in testing procedures can have a significant impact on the effective selection of examinees into organizational settings as validity declines, the number of selection errors also increases. So, you know, agar humne in effective selection ki hai testing procedures ke liye, let's say humne ineffective candidates to hai wo chus kar liye hai, jo ke us relevant program ke liye testing screening ke liye nahi ment kare hai, to uske results to hai wo bhi in effective hi hai. Giving you an example, jaisi agar hum lo kehte ki ek test hai, jo ke bachho ki intelligence mayor kar hai, aur wo test to hai agar adult kare hai, to of course, they are the inappropriate selection for that test item. So, relevant population is important for the relevant results to keep the validity and reliability sustained.