 This study aimed to identify characteristics of social media users who obtained COVID-19 information from unofficial accounts and were likely to change their health behaviors, but least likely to verify the accuracy of this information. The results suggest that vulnerable groups, such as older adults and those with lower health literacy, are more susceptible to inaccurate prevention measures and may exacerbate transmission. To mitigate these risks, governments, health care agencies, celebrities, and technicians should work together to correct false information on social media, leverage celebrity star power, and increase awareness of information cross verification and e-health literacy. This article was authored by Pei Li, Bo Chen, Genevieve DeVaux, and others.