 The study found that a single strain of bacteria, known as OXA-48, caused an outbreak at a tertiary care hospital ward in Ireland between 2018 and 2019. The outbreak was caused by seven different species, including Enterobacter Hormiceae, Escherichicoli, Klebsiella pneumoni, Klebsiella oxytocca, Klebsiella mycogenensis, Citrobacter freundi, and Ceracea marcesans. Additionally, two major plasmids were identified which were responsible for spreading the bacterium. Furthermore, environmental samples taken from the ward show that the bacterium could also be transmitted through contact with surfaces. This article was authored by Corina Brehani, Lisa Domegan, Margaret Foley, and others.