 The study aimed to investigate the effects of different particle sizes, plant components, and gas residence times on the production of torrified corn stover. The results showed that stockpith torrified at 280°C had the highest dry matter loss, 44%, while cobshell torrified at 250°C had the lowest energy density, 18 to 18.5 mJ slash kg. The lowest energy yield, at 59%, was recorded for stockpith torrified at 280°C, whereas cob and stockshell torrified at 250°C had the highest energy yield at 85%. Gas residence time did not have a significant effect on these parameters. The study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate biomass feedstock and processing conditions for efficient toy faction. This article was authored by Sarah Rahn, Ajay Shah, Mathudar, and others.