 Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Welcome to Ahkam SOS The show that discusses Islamic rulings for your duties and your practices by the Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sadik Shirazi I'm your host Mosul Insha Allah and joining me is the great sheikh Ali Maash, salamu alaikum sheikhna Wa alaikum as-salam warahmatullahi So we will be continuing the discussion inshaAllah on mutahirat and how to purify certain items of which have become najis. Sheikhna how does the sun actually purify najasa and I mean can it be used for any type of common najasa or specifically only In the last episode I mentioned two categories of the purification of substance such as water and earth and now we move to sun with regard to your question about how does the sun purifies and what does it purifies the main things that the sun purifies are the buildings and the windows which are in that buildings the doors the sun itself does not purify anything else except these things and with regard to purifying using the sun there are conditions now there are five conditions with regard to purifying using the sun let's say you have a wall you have a building especially the sky the buildings where you can't reach you want to purify it and there are no rain for example to purify it by the water running water so five conditions to actually be able to purify that building and that wall on that building number one is actually by allowing that wall or that window, that door to be moisted and wet with water so when the sun would shine on that wall or window would make it dry and render it dry and as a result would make it tahrir so the first condition there must be some kind of in the middle moist or wetness on that surface on that wall or building and you have of course the sun shining on that building and of course that wetness should be enough what can be transferred to other objects so not just a bit of moist or wetness you need enough of the wetness and moist to be able to purify that object the second condition is to actually removing that substance of najasa and impure so if there is blood on the window or the door or on the wall you must first remove it remove the actual najasa first and then you make it wet or moist and then you allow the sun to shine on that object the third condition with regard to purifying using sun on the buildings also you have to make sure that there are no blocks the sunshine there should be no no curtains for example the clouds itself the clouds would also block the sunshine so you have to make sure that there is nothing that allows the sunshine not to take place and having just a thin curtain very thin curtain would be fine or thin clouds you just have to allow sun to actually shine on that wall or buildings that's a very important thing so having just a bit of cloud or a bit of clothes or thin clothes or thin barriers would be fine there's no problem at all with regard to the fourth condition that you have to make sure that it is only the sun in which dries up the surface of that object nothing else so you shouldn't actually allow for example other things let's say you use a fan for example or naturally the wind there's a high wind and the wind was the cause of drying that wall or that building not the heat or let's say the wall is there's like in a position that the sun cannot reach the wall and the wall dries up to the high temperature that's another issue so solely should be dried up by the sunlight itself nothing else and the fifth condition that when the process of drying is taking place by the sunshine you have to make sure that in one go the whole part of that wall or window or building has been dried up so if let's say the outside of the wall the surface was dried up but the inside wasn't dried then it will not make it tahr the inside the outside is tahr now became pure but the inside did not become tahr the sun shine was only took its portion of drying up the surface the outside surface didn't go through inside for example was just a few minutes let's say sunshine so you have to allow it to take its position and shining till the whole building or the whole wall has been dried in and out outside and what about the next category of now the next category the fourth category of purifiers is the transformation which is known as istihaala istihaala or transformation when you have an object which is najis let's say you have a najis wood and you want to make it tahr now let's say the whole wood even the inside became najis how could you reach the inside of the wood let's say the alcohol immersed inside the wood or the blood and so forth so how could you purify that with that wood without using for example water now istihaala is another way where you for example burn that wood so when the wood becomes ashes now you have a different new substance called ashes that ash is tahr now because it's now the subject and the tahr has been changed from wood to ashes so transformation of wood to ashes renders it pure so the actual transformation of the subject makes it tahr so the wood turning into ash what about with food if I've got wheat it's become najis I've now crushed the wheat to flour I've made bread out of the flour is that tahr here maybe milk if the milk becomes najis and I turn the milk into cheese or into yogurt is that still considered najis so basically we have to make sure that there's a complete and molecular change molecular change so milk cheese and so forth they are still in that subject they still have the same chemicals and same qualities so we have to make sure they've changed totally to something else completely one subject that comes to mind is gelatine that does have some sort of molecular and chemical change from its original state to what it has become now sometimes they use pork for gelatine purposes sometimes beef and sometimes they use an alternative vegetarian one does this actually come under istihad and does it change its state from najis to tahr the problem with gelatine it's been argued by the ulama as well with this regard that is it halal or not halal some of the ulama they haven't reached the conclusion that the gelatine let's say the beef which is not halal slotted is that halal to eat still hasn't been actually transformed from one substance to another chemically so they still refrain at least precautionously to avoid eating for example gelatines which are produced in non-muslim countries which are from animal fat and so forth so they try to avoid it and that's why the best option is to use the ones which are from the Islamic countries, muslim countries or to use vegetarian ones otherwise the asal and the basis of the gelatine which was in the west for example from haram meat remains najis and haram to consume unless you become sure so it's the vice versa of the rule I gave you in the last episode that now this is the vice versa the najis remains najis the haram remains haram unless you become sure that it became tahr and pure so you have to go back you search to find out if gelatine that is produced in the west and non-muslim countries they actually transform it to something else it becomes tahr and then you can actually consume if you're sure about otherwise it remains haram and najis Sheikh what about I know that grape juice especially when you boil it does it have some sort of chemical change or is there a different way of actually purifying grape juice which has been boiled this is the next category of the purifications of grape juice again if you actually have grapes and you boil them it is haram to consume that drink which was boiled it's not najis it's not impure but it's haram to consume now to be able to consume it you have to allow it to evaporate again and you allow two thirds of that juice to be evaporated so you have to reduce it to a third exactly and then you can consume it otherwise it remains haram to consume can that method work for other things as well or is it just specifically grape juice it's specifically for the grape juice because others you cannot do anything with it like the alcohol for example it's najis the narration seems to be that they mention only the grape juice so it's only to do with the boiling of the grape juice so what about when we receive blood transfusions so let's say we've got a patient he's in desperate need of blood the blood that's available is from a non-muslim what happens there the blood that he receives is that najis or does is it okay for him to actually accept and use the blood transfusion well any blood which is transferred to somebody else's body let's say a muslim body that becomes part of his body but we have to remember that the blood itself is najis so be it from a muslim or non-muslim the blood of humans in overall if somebody cuts his finger or his veins and blood comes out and gushes out whether it's from as I've said muslim or non-muslims but that blood which is transferred from non-muslim to a muslim becomes part of that body of that person or that patient who actually received the blood donor and it's rendered tile for him this is tile for him as I've said the blood itself remains najis but the thing is that it won't make the rest of the body the blood transferred from non-muslim to a muslim becomes part of the body of that muslim it won't make the rest of the body najis it would actually it's all inside unless if he cuts his hands or an injury and then the blood comes out then he has to whether it was his own blood or transfusion blood the blood is najis exactly there's one issue and case mentioned here that if wine turns vinegar that's important as well if wine turns vinegar then it becomes tahir because we do have you can buy from the shops wine vinegar, red wine vinegar and this is not to be confused with actually red wine or white wine because it's not actually wine, it has no alcohol in it it's vinegar that probably originates from we go back to the issue of the subjects the subjects are now completely changed from wine, the alcoholic drink to vinegar, it's something else even the taste changes everything, even the effects of drunkenness and intoxication all changes so there's like a molecular change exactly, exactly is there anything else and any other categories remaining on mutaharat and purifying things the other the material for purification of the najasa is the removal and eradication of the najasa itself so let's say if you have a pet, an animal and let's say a cat not a dog of course because the dog is actually najis so a cat or any other animals in which let's say they hunted something and there is najis blood on their their cheeks or body then this najasa when that animal goes away and comes back again and the najasa eventually by itself was removed that process makes it a tahr so you don't have to wash your cat or other animals in order to make a tahr you just leave it and when it goes by itself after a while that process of going by itself renders the body of this animal pure and tahr likewise let's say if you have a blood inside your mouth or inside your your nose for example and you actually felt it you can actually feel and see the blood but after a while that blood disappeared from the inside of the mouth or the inside of the nose again that itself will render and makes it itself by itself tahr you don't have to actually wash the inside of the mouth or the the nose afterwards because the blood disappeared and that makes it tahr awesome any more categories we slaughter let's say sheep or a cow for the purpose of having halal meat the amount of the blood gushing out from this animal when slotted of course that gushing blood is neges when that amount of blood came out from this animal halal animal of course makes that the remaining of the blood inside the body of the sheep or the cow the remaining ones becomes tahr and you actually wash the neck of the nejas the outside nejas of the animal now it's tahr so you don't have to actually purify yourself from the nejas I've got a question in regards to the nejas itself that is when we purchase property do I have to go and clean all the walls and the carpets and everything because it's nudges we go back again to the principle that everything is tahr everything you see is tahr unless you witness and you're certain that it's nudges so even if you buy or rent a property and you discover that let's say part of that property is nudges then you have to of course make it tahr and clean up but as far as you don't have any idea about the nejas did they had dog or no for example and you receive the property as it is clean yes it's been used the carp is been used for example the sofa has been used as long as you don't know for example the previous landlord or the tenant did not inform you about the nejas so you're not certain about the nejas exactly in this case everything is tahr everything is pure even if the previous tenants were non-muslims so sheikhna what about a lot of the brothers they like to go swimming so we go into a big swimming pool men's only there are different types of people of different faiths different backgrounds in the swimming pool is that water considered nudges the water of the swimming pools and such like if they are more than kour we have a kour the water of kour which has a specific measurements and amounts if it actually is kour or more than the kour then that's tahr and pure so water got swimming pools yes they are tahr the pure even if there are no running water so it's just a closed lake or pond or a swimming pool without any running water or source of water coming in and out by the way most of the majority of swimming pools they have actually running water and filtration of the water so is this continuous flow of water coming in and out of the pool definitely it's tahr even if somebody does something inside the water it remains pure and tahr and just to stay away from that nudges part if it's visible so you're just referring from being that position of nudges otherwise it's tahr well that also apply to when people go to the laundrets so we have public laundrets where you go and you can wash and dry your clothes it's used by numerous people of different faiths and backgrounds are those machines will they make our clothes nudges or can they make them tahr again the similar applies with regard to the nudges and impurities basically the washing machines and such like because we haven't seen we haven't witnessed the nudges itself and we couldn't actually find out if this washing machine is nudges then everything is clean and tahr until you become certain that it's nudges even the dryers the dryers conditions are worse than the washing machines at least in washing machines we have running water and rinsing and draining water but with regard to dryers it's just drying but we have because we haven't seen actually and witnessed the nudges in this case they all tahr and allowed to be used because we haven't seen and witnessed any kind of nudges yes if you see the nudges then you have to avoid it of course otherwise it's all tahr according to the narration and to the rule that everything is tahr we're certain about it so Shaykhna we've got another question here in regards to leather from non-Muslim countries imported leather in manufacturing especially when it comes from animals that are not eaten so we're talking about foxes or snake skin lion all sorts of different animal their skin is used for leather are these rendered nudges or tahr with regard to the animals which were slotted and have the gushing blood and killed in non-Muslim countries by a non-Muslim person now the skin becomes nudges and meter so it's like corpse carcass in this case we cannot use it because it's nudges and that's why we have to avoid for example if we buy actually bags especially for the women or shoes made of leather which is made in let's say China and it's from animal we're sure about it it's from animal leather we have to make sure that we avoid touching these items with wet hand for example otherwise we have to wash it and purify it or make sure that you don't pray with them you have the little bag and then you pray with that little bag which is made of the skin of the corpse for example dead meat animal and to avoid it so it's nudges of course it's been hunted and killed by a non-Muslim so we have to try to avoid using them as much as we can so Sheikhna what is the ruling in regards to non-alcoholic beverages so we have like you know barley water or these beers that are non-alcoholic or drinks that are they assimilated like wine but then have no alcohol in it are these okay to drink or not well there's no objection to actually use the barley drink which was prescribed by the physicians in the medical barley and the ones which have no intoxication or alcohol it's just a pure natural barley with water so without any kind of process of intoxicating that drink okay I've got another question here in regards to food mixing with sewage so as you know there's a lot of food that gets left over on plates on our hands and we go to the sink we wash our hands we clean the plates that food some of it goes into the draining it mixes with the sewage water and also the other food that's left over we pick it up with our hands it sticks to our hands and we throw it away what's the ahkam ruling on this well we have to try avoid throwing away excess food that we have let's say by giving it to the pigeons for example other animals we have around and if they're clean we can give it to those who are in need of a portion of food for those poor around for example the homeless for example if it's actually a clean food but it's excess and we don't want it otherwise the food which sticks on our hands and fingers we can actually wash it it doesn't matter because at the end of the day it will be destroyed when it goes through the drains so there's no objection about it otherwise the best thing is always to learn and use the etiquette of eating and drinking as Islam mentioned how to eat, how to drink and to actually tell you how to actually use those etiquettes in our daily life and to avoid israf and tawdeer as mentioned in the Holy Quran and the Narrations Thank you very much Thank you very much for joining us on this episode of Ahkam SOS if you have any questions that you would like to direct to the Sheikh please contact us with the details provided and we'll do our best to answer all your questions until next time we'll see you soon take care