 The cities and the urban areas now comprise more than half of the world population. The figure is growing, it's going to be 60-65% by 2030, maybe 70-75% 2050. In other words, we need to organize the urban communities in such a way that we have a good system for water management, waste management, that we have an infrastructure that accepts that water is scarce, resources, and that we develop systems that make it possible for people to live in these areas to live under safe conditions, not least health-wise. I have seen slums develop in the poor part of the world, which are horrible, where you have open defecation and where you have sanitation problems of a huge order. So I think anything that is well organized in cities, setting up principles for wise stewardship of resources and water, of course primarily, is a great contribution to a better world. What came out of some of the presentations is context, so that we don't take literal examples and try and apply them more. I like the terms of best practice, blindly applied. We're trying to distill the principles for water-wise cities. What's the essence of an idea that's practical and we can apply it somewhere else? I think the really important thing as well is, we are just asking engineers, we're looking at urban planners, we're looking at environmental scientists, social scientists, city officials, we get this broad perspective because I think the same issues from different perspectives are really important as well. I like examples of not just what's gone right, but sometimes what hasn't gone so right and what we've learnt from it. One of the questions that was asked at the end was about how do you deal with the challenges of bringing together all of these different water professionals from different disciplines because inherently this would create conflicts between different scenarios and the key message that I took away was Tony Wong talking about how activism is really a fundamental part of tackling these water challenges and finding solutions to that. And then I also thought it was interesting that Dr. Kelly Shannon talked about the importance of IWA as a network to bring together these people as a third party that is impartial and can create a platform in which different water professionals and different urban professionals can interact and come together to deal with these challenges together.