 The study examined the frequency and structure of postoperative infectious and inflammatory complications in pregnant women who had caesarean sections at a specialized department of a third level hospital in 2017. The results showed that the most common type of complication was metroendometritis, which occurred in 3% of patients following planned deliveries and 7.6% following emergency deliveries. Additionally, the structure of the microflora differed between planned and emergent deliveries, suggesting that local antibiotic prophylaxis and therapy may need to be adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, 1 in 5 postoperative metroendometritis cases were caused by multi-drug, resistant bacteria, highlighting the importance of proper hygiene practices during caesarean sections. This article was authored by N.A. Korobkov.