 24. 24. 24. 24. I have completed 24. And this is your second term? No sir. This is my second term. Exactly. And you are from Mahatma Pradesh? Yes. So why do you wish to join the civil service? Sir, there are primarily two reasons. On the professional front, I want to become a part of the Indian system of this country and on the personal side, it would help me to develop a comprehensive personality. So these are primarily the two reasons. This is a good career? Yes sir. An excellent career because these are the higher services. Yes sir. The best career available in this. There is no harm in saying that. You will get an excellent career. Yes sir. What qualities do you possess which will make you a good civil servant? Sir, I would highlight three qualities. First, integrity. Sir, second, empathy. And third, perseverance. Are you ready sir? Yes sir. Or should I continue? You can. No, I... No talent for me? All right. What do you think of Mahatma Pradesh designating five Godmen as giving them a minister's name? Yes sir. What is your view on this? Have you read that? Yes sir. Yes sir. Okay. Sir, the five religious and spiritual leaders have been given minister of state portfolio. Sir, the reason for this... No, these are everyone knows. You tell me, would you endorse such a thing? Sir, if such status is given or such designation is given for conservation of some ecological resource, then it could be justified. Okay. Now, foreign service is your second choice? Yes sir. Do you think that India's neighborhood first policy has developed some serious weaknesses? Neighborhood first policy? Yes sir. Do you think so or not? If so then, if not then why? Are you understanding my question? Yes sir. Neighborhood first? Yes sir. You know this policy of the branch? Yes sir. Has it developed certain serious weaknesses? Do you see some failures, some difficulties, some setbacks? Yes sir. Sir, I think that some laxity has been there in the part to take up this matter on a mission mode because currently we are having not so good relations with Nepal and Maldives. Pakistan is a perennial issue and then the issue of Rohingya with Myanmar and Bangladesh. And the Sri Lanka is in a political mess right now so we are not able to project a kind of elder brother's gesture in this neighborhood. Do you think that China has succeeded more effectively in this region with our neighbors than we have as of today? Do you see that China is more successful than us? Yes sir. I would say China has used its financial muscle to its optimum potential to make investments. Not everyone knows. Yes sir. You should focus on my question. Has China succeeded more than us? Sir, right now it is. What are the indications? Give 1, 2, 3 quickly. Sir, the bent road project, all our neighbors are part of the bent road project except us. Sir, the second is the issue of the CPAC with Pakistan that impinges our sovereignty. Sir, the issue of Toklang is with Khutan. Sir, I appreciate that. Mr. Dixie, it is a kind of a debate going on in the country that whether the country is witnessing a jobless growth or there is a view that there is no jobs throughout. Yes sir. Between the two, which motion it will support? Please give your arguments. It's like a debate. Yes sir. Okay. You choose one side and give your arguments. Sir, I would say there is no job drug because we are not having the regular and high-frequency data with respect to the employment numbers. And therefore, sir, whatever the new jobs that have been created, especially in the hospitality tourism and the retail sector and in the aviation sector, those have not been yet captured. So, a sense of jobless growth is being seen. So, what we need is a more high-frequent data on employment numbers to justify the reason on that. That is all right. That is as far as calculation is concerned. But the intrinsic issue is that is there any change in the pattern of employable opportunities being available in the economy in the last five years? And if so, how and why? Sir, the earlier days of fixed high-job security jobs are not there at the present moment. More of freelancing and fixed-term employment, self-employment. So, these have changed the job scenario in our country. So, the pattern of jobs that have been created. Have you gone through the budget? Yes sir. What is the size of the budget? Sir, it is around 24 lakh grand. In the major focus areas? Sir, agriculture. Sir, health. Sir, infrastructure creation. And what is the allocation respectively? Sir, in the livelihood and farming opportunity in rural sector, we have given 11 lakh crore which includes 2 lakh crore of budgetary support and other from the external. Sir, please speak of the budgetary support. Sir, it is about 2 lakh. Out of 24 lakhs, 2 lakhs you have said. And sir, in health, sir, we have about 2,000 crore for the health sector and the health and education sets that has been raised to the 4%. What about the rural sector, please? It is 14 and a half lakh crore. Yes. How much is the job of infrastructure? How much is there? 6 lakh crores. Yes, sir. And defense? Sir, defense. Okay. And what is the job being provided, employment in the MSME sector? Sir, the job figure I do not know, but 80 million. Okay. Any idea about Indo-China trade? Just briefly, 1, 2, 3, 4. What is the total size? Sir, it is about 80 billion US dollar. And import-export? Sir, around 60 billion dollar we are importing and 14 we are exporting. So, it is roughly around 50 billion trade. It is 68 and 16. Yes, sir. So, what is the way out? Sir, we need to engage with China so that the Indian goods get greater market access in China, especially goods like agriculture, soybean, the pharma, generic medicines. Sir. Please sit down. Yes, sir. Foreign service is your second reference. Yes, sir. What is the job profile of an IFS officer? When is the place posted outside India? Sir, the IFS officers are posted in the missions and embassies abroad. Sir, they are also posted in the international organization to further the national interest. And sir, second they are also involved in negotiating the trade deals, the nuclear dealings to many other deals in the industry. So, you said furthering the national interest. Yes, sir. What is our national interest? Which are also objectives of our foreign policy? Yes, sir. Sir, first is the territorial integrity and sovereignty of our country. Sir, second is our economic interest in the world. Sir, third is cultural diplomacy. And sir, fourth is energy security. You had come to this interview board earlier? Our board earlier? Yes, sir. When you were last year? Yes, I was last year. Good. Okay. What are the challenges to Indian democracy? You see, though it is called a vibrant democracy. Yes. What are the challenges? Name at least four, five. Sir, first is the challenge of institution. The election commission has not been provided, D-charged on expenditure as has been provided to other constitutional bodies. It depends. What about election commission? But you come to parliament, start with parliament. Sir. Is parliament functioning properly? Sir, there has been log jam in parliament since the start of this parliament. At itself is a very bad sign. Yes, sir. Actually, election commission has to observe. Yes, sir. As per the rules. Yes. There could be armed with more powers that is a separate thing. But what are the dangers to our democracy? Sir, this one is the improper function of the parliament. It has not been able to pass the bill or discuss the financial asset. Yes, yes. Yes, yes. And so on. There is no discussion proper. Yes. Then what else? Sir, the second is the issue of pressure within the judiciary, which is also a pillar of our democracy. On that, you know, even now it is still, you know, a stronghold in all this thing. But there are definite dangers. Yes, sir. Use of money and muscle power is election. Election funding has to be more transparent. Yes. And foreign funds that has been created. Use of casteism, religion in politics. Why don't you say? This, you know, now these lignals have become a minority. You know, the cabinet of this thing, though. Of course, the government of India has to give its nod or this thing. But you know, what is this? What is this? Will you construe it as a democratic way of functioning or what? Sir, can I take a sip of water? Yes, please. Yes, please. Thanks. You just name four, five dangers to democracy. No, these are the threats to our democracy. Sir, one is the identity politics, use of caste, religion. Correct. Sir, the second is the issue of election funding that is not transparent. Correct, correct. Sir, fourth is the issue of hate speech against one of the communities. Sir, fourth, the other one I could say is, it's a lack of inter-party democracy. Now, that is the way you should approach this. Okay. Let me ask another question in this regard. The Supreme Court has given some rulings which are in a way of electoral reforms to bring about more cleanliness. So, cleansing the kind of democratic form of government for election purpose. Sir, can you name two, three cases? Sir, one is the use of VVPAT machines with the EVMs to increase the credibility of the election process. Sir, the second is the issue of no time, none of the work that was given by the Supreme Court. And sir, third, the debarring the convicted politicians from... In which case it came? Sir, I... Okay, okay, go on. And, sir, currently it is hearing a case regarding the... the convicted politicians to head... whether they could head the political party or not. Okay, but you know, another case, important case, you know, to declare the assets and sources of income of the relatives or the family members of the candidate. Yes, sir. In the affidavit to... they have to disclose their financial activities. Okay, let me ask you about one part of the scheme of government of India. You know, Digital India? Yes, sir. Speak something. Sir, Digital India is the program to make our country more digitally empowered. And it has, sir, nine pillars, like creating broadband highways, e-grantee, e-governance, sir, and to reduce the import of electronic goods to 2020, so that we could be self-reliant in the electronic goods production. And, sir, last one is, sir, digital literacy in our country. Digital literacy and delivery of services digitally. Yes. That is very important aspect. Okay. Thank you. You did a project on... or you were awarded for a project on smart grid... smart grids. Yes, sir. What was this project about? Ma'am, smart grid is an electrical grid that involves automation, communication and IT systems. Ma'am, it helps in renewable integration, prosumer creation, and it reduces the aggregate technical and commercial losses. Okay, good. So, if it reduces the losses, do you think that in the smart city project, we could make use of the smart grid, whatever they are? Yes, ma'am. In this... Is it going to be done making use of smart grids? Ma'am, smart grid is a component within the smart city project. And right now, it is being done in 17 pilot cities across India. So, where is it successfully being done? Anywhere in Varanasi? Ma'am, in Varanasi, the one component of a smart grid that is underground cabling has been done. So, that will also then reduce the power theft? Yes, ma'am. That is also... That is very good. All right. Now, you can do kinetics. Yes, ma'am. You pronounce it as kinetics? Yes, ma'am. How to pronounce it? Kinetics. How do you spend this particular technique you do? Ma'am, it's the study of non-verbal communication. Yes, ma'am. So, how many can you... Ma'am, it helps me to rectify my own passive defensive postures while communicating with others. And ma'am, it also helps me to create a better wrap-up with other persons. And it helps me to reduce my anxiety levels. How is it different from emotional intelligence? You know what emotional intelligence? You would have studied it in your ethics paper. Ma'am, kinetics leads to effective communication. And effective communication thereby leads to emotional intelligence. So... So, it's one component of emotional intelligence just as you were telling me about your smart grid. Yes, ma'am. Right? Now, you also mentioned the Bohemian system. Yes, ma'am. What is the problem with the Bohemian system? Ma'am, the problem with the Bohemian system is that they are the stateless citizens. They have been devoured from the citizenship of Myanmar by the 1982 Act. 1982 Act. And ma'am, in India, there are about 40,000 of them. 40,000. And the government is planning to deport all of them. So, are they going to impact our society in any way? If they continue to stay in our country? Ma'am, there could be several impacts. One is the pressure on our limited public resources. Yes, yes. Ma'am, second is the issue of security threat. Yes. And the third is the issue of human trafficking and getting fabricated Indian documents. So, these are kind of the threats. Yes, true. Now, since you're from Mathia Pradesh, there's a project known as the Pane Betwa. Yes, ma'am. Are you aware of it? Yes, ma'am. Tell me what are your views on it? Ma'am, overall it is a good project. Ma'am, it would improve the irrigation potential in the Bundelkhand region, which does not have any credible irrigation sources. Second, it would help in river interneeding so that the paradox of drought and the floods could be resolved. And ma'am, third is the issue of electricity generation that could be generated through that project. Are there any negatives to this? Ma'am, there are a few concerns and negatives. Yes. Like, ma'am, the dam that is being conducted with more dams, it would flood most of the Panna tiger reserves, area poor reserves. So, those tigers and other wildlife species have to be relocated to other Kanha or Pench other national reservoirs. But there's also one major drawback that when there are floods in one area, they also simultaneously flood in the other. So, how will it help? Ma'am, right now there is no system of dams controlled. So, by creating the dams in this river interneeding project, we could control and regulate the amount of water during the flood season. Oh, thank you. You are an electrical engineer, right? Yes. If I ask you to select any one particular area, which is your priority? Yes. For the country, if you want to do something. Yes, sir. What would be your focus? Sir, my focus would be on the distribution side of the power systems. What would be the focus and why we need more focus on that? Sir, right now we are a surplus country as far as generation is concerned. But around 4 lakh households, 4 crore households, they do not have access to electricity in our country. And the primary reason is because of the poor performance of the distribution companies in the distribution sector. So, if we could have some scheme for the financial turn of those distribution sectors to reduce the losses and improve the efficiency, better talent realisation. Okay. Sir, the Supreme Court has ordered for a power management board and it has said that the interstate rivers are not a property of any particular state. Yes, sir. It is an as per I said and we are just trustees. Anything else on the Supreme Court side? Drinking water, something else. Yes, sir. It has allocated 5 TMC. That is a separate issue. What did you say on the drinking water? It is a priority issue. Yes, sir. It is to be a given top priority. Yes, sir. Also groundwater, something on the court has said. Yes, sir. Regarding the groundwater, they have said that Tamil Nadu has more groundwater potential in the Cauvery basin. Yes, sir. What has happened in the subsequent period? The judge has not been able to give a objective so far. Yes, sir. Sati Cauvery management board has to be constituted. It has not been yet constituted. The central government is saying that it could violate the moral code of conduct for the elections. Government will ask for time. Yes, sir. And subsequently court has also given a further direction. Yes, sir. Do you have that? Sir, just few days back the court has asked to give the final draft of the Cauvery management project. By I think some date in 21st May or some date. Yes. Okay. Subsequent to this, there was another water dispute. That's all. That was in 21st May. Yes, sir. What is that? Sir, it is Mahanagi river dispute. What is the problem there? Sir, the issue is mainly between Chhattisgarh and Odisha that Chhattisgarh is building new hydro dams on the Mahanagi river. Are you aware that the Ministry of Water Resources, Minister, has convened a meeting of five states. Yes, sir. So, what is your take on that? Sir, it signals some more participatory and inclusive efforts to solve the interstate river water dispute. But no matter Odisha, I have to object to that. Yes, sir. I am not known the result. Sir, Odisha has objected to this board. Yes, sir. The point is that one of the states referred to Metragons. Therefore, what is the point in any of the discussions? Yes, sir. Okay. Last question. US and Russia are in the same. Yes, sir. That's at the low level right now. Yes, sir. What is happening? Sir, currently Robert Miller is investigating the Russian meddling into the presidential elections of USA against President Trump. That is one issue. So, the second is the diplomats of the Russia have been expelled from USA because of the drug poisoning in UK. UK that has been arrested and done by... Do you think there is any other issue? Let us... From Syria, something... Yes, sir. The drug... The President Trump has stated that perhaps Russia is going to send some message. Wait for it. Okay. Fine. Thank you. So, is it going to fight the... Is Mr. Trump going to fight the missiles at Russia? No, sir. There won't be any direct conflict between the US and Russia. What is he trying to say? Sir, he is trying to say that Russia would start... would continue to support Assad in material of the chemical attacks or any other things that happen inside. Russia has said that any missile attack will be repulsed. Yes. They will use their anti-missile system. Yes, sir. Mr. Trump has given a threat. But you wait for our missiles. Yes, sir. The Syria has to remain the center of conflict. Yes, sir. Now, you have got a gold medal, Canada gold medal in electrical engineering. Yes. What medal was it and for what purpose you got it? Sir, the Canada project was on the smart grid. And sir, the gold medal was for the excellent performance in my b-tech in Aisindar. So, the smart grid? Yes, sir. Is it being adopted in India? Yes, sir. Where? Which is the power distribution main agency in India? Sir, it is PGCIL, Power Grid Corporation. Power Grid? Yes, sir. Has it started using smart grid? Sir, it has developed a resource center in Bhutan. And sir, it has... You are not answering my questions. Has it started using... You say it has established a resource system. Has it started using... Is it in use? Yes, sir. Where is it in use? Sir. How much percentage of the grid has been got under the smart grid? Sir, the percentage I do not know, but in 17 cities it has been run as a pilot project. It has been. Good. Then you should say that. So, what I am interested in is in real achievement. Yes, sir. Not in planning or in lofty intentions. I am not interested in those. How much is the electric power installed capacity of India? Sir, it is around 334 gigawatt. Yes, sir. Out of which, how much is solar? Sir, solar is... Sir, it is around 17 gigawatt. Now it has become 20. Yes, sir. 20. Now, the latest is, it became 20 in 2018 January 2020. Which states are in the forefront of solar power generation? Sir, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka. No, I think I was mistaken. You have left out the most important states. Telangana is number one, Rajasthan number two. Telangana is beaten every one in one year. Then Tamil Nadu used to be number one last year, but Tamil Nadu has come to number three now. These are the three, then Gujarat. Yes, sir. Gujarat is produced in about 1800. I know. Now, what is our plan for nuclear generation? How much we are generating today? Sir, we are generating about 7 gigawatt. 7 gigawatt, correct. 6780 to be exact. Yes. And what is our mission? How much we should be... We will produce by which year? Sir, that I am not aware of, sir. 63,000 gigawatt by 2030. That is our mission. French president had come recently to India. Yes, sir. There was some talk of a nuclear reactor being stored. Yes, sir. What was that place and how much power generation is intended to be produced by that generator plant? Sir, the place is Jatapuri Maharashtra. Correct. What is that? How much it will produce? Eventually... Sir, I am not aware of the exact number. 9,000 megawatt. 9,000. This will be one of the biggest losses. Are ATC losses arising or under control? Sir, they are... Sir, it's a mixed picture. In few states we have under the control and improved. And in few states like Manipur, it's still 80% improved. What was UP? Sir, you've seen the picture UP, Madhavadesh, Rajasthan... Yes, sir. Bihar... Yes, sir. Bihar happened, it's about 47% and... Yes, sir. Alright. Now, Nepal Prime Minister was in India. Yes, sir. Some agreements are being made with it. Very briefly, there were three agreements. Are you aware of them? Sir, I could take a moment. Yes, take your time. What is the railway project to go to Kathmandu? From? Sir, from Raksal to Kathmandu. Raksal, Raksal to Kathmandu. Very good. It will be an electrified rail track. That is a peculiarity, electrified. What else? Sir, the integrated check posts. Sir, I have a question. Alright. Because I took you here, I'll give you a little feedback.