 We are moving up to Belgium and I will present, in my name and also for my colleague, an overview of the fortified hillside in central Belgium during the 5th century BC. This is a structure, just a presentation, short presentation of the site. Sorry, just a moment. Sorry, I didn't see it. First a presentation of the site, then a viewshed analysis that has been done by Sarah and then about the material culture, more specifically the red painted camel pottery. These are the map from Belgium, but here this central range is a hill area that crosses to Belgium with different sites. You have Camelburg here, the Coyham, then you have the Castelberg and Castelberg and if you see in between this river system here, there is a gap. We don't know, we haven't found any site but we are expecting that probably there can be another site of the 5th century to be present. The first thing is here in the Limburg battle that we have two elite burials, belonging to the 5th century BC, but no indications of settlements associated with it. The best document site that we have for the moment is the Camelburg that has been excavated between 1963 and 1998 by Potman and van Dursla from the Kent and Leuven University. This is a modern view of the site, it's completely covered with trees at this moment protected as an ecological area. What you see here is a view of 1918, in the first world war Camelburg was part of the British defensive system and especially in the German offensive and the British counter offensive in 1918 that have been quite heavy fighting on the hill and you see the view where it's completely naked at that moment after the battles of May and September. This is the excavation that you see the trench and what is typical was one of the problems that they had they were only allowed to make trenches between the trees so they were not allowed to have an open area and they focused with the seers of trenches mostly on the slopes like you see the inner part has never been excavated for the moment so most of the information is coming from the northern slope here and from the slope here in the south. What do we know about because it has been focused on the slope that there is a complex fortified system with a lot of this is one of the presenting what you have an earthen rampart with a wooden palisade and a ditch especially the northern part is very complex with different uses of the defensive system different phases this is part of the southern with the slope here with this very simple and here we have an earthen rampart fortified with a stone wall also this internal structure we don't know much about it there have been recorded some ditches it's not really clear what they mentioned maybe they are system of dividing the internal in the first plot but we don't have a good idea about the internal system and that is the problem we have for all the fortified sites in Belgium what we do know from the excavation although it has been quite disturbed by the world war but there are a lot of finds that suggest that they are part of the 5th century elite networking system you have this here this Etruscan style what they call the Basin type you see the Camelburg here it's mostly found in Italy part in northern France they have the site of Bourget and they have the finding Camelburg another one element that we have here on top is a fragment also of attic black-figured pottery that mostly is known also in the Halstead site so we are really up north but the people who own this site who are living on it seems to have making part of these European 5th century and network systems the other site is Gohem it's excavated one part by the same team by Redum Society on the direction of van Doosla excavated and then we have the excavation from the local amateur archeologists who founded out this is the view of what we call Gohembos this is the part you see here it's on the top and the excavated light has found that there seems to be a second structure but he has never been documented this is one of the problems especially with the amateur archeologists that he has been digging trenches but not welly and very good recording what we know from the excavation by the Vogel team on the van Doosla which there is a ditch here this part that is still visible and some places in the landscape there was a double palisades and most interesting there were some pits also most interesting was this rectangular structure that had been interpreted as a ritual structure the site of Kester is only small excavation by local amateur archeologists who found some pits with material you see the location also but there have been no further excavation around the site it's also so we don't have any ideas about the rampart or so but the location has the same as Kemmelberg and Koehsen as the other ones and the last site is Kesselberg and here also we have the same local amateur archeologists who has been recording things who talks about the presence of pits even he has recorded there has only been one excavation and more registration in 1959 by Mertus van der Leven University and in 2013 the rap has done an evaluation of the site for the Flemish government because this site is now also protected by an ecologically protected area this is the only plan that exists for the moment of the site where you see here the rampart surrounding the site and this is the trend that has been made now by the Dutch colleagues in evaluating the site where you see also an earthen rampart and it's an earthen wall and it's a system that protects the site as you see we have a lot of there is a part information but we miss also the real the inside information about these sites and the problem is now that most of them are protected ecologically and we are not limited to do large-scale excavations anymore when Sarah has been working on this site on what you can reach and control and has made a series of view shots and we found some interesting things when we are looking to the different sites this is the view shot from the Kemmelburg it is on the watershed between the Eiser and the Lys one part it controls you have it sees the coastal area the other part it's the Coyham area that falls within the theoretical view of the Kemmelburg itself what's interesting is about these coastal sites it seems in the 70s when it had nice view you could still see the coastal site from the Kemmelburg on now with the pollution of the air it's a problem to see but in the 70s on a good day you could see the coastal areas and especially here around the dunes around the panna and you have here this is Kemmelburg these are some of the coastal sites where salt production is this is a northern French site in the St. Valle where he also sent which and von Dursla who excavated the site put in the hypothesis that the local wealth of the people living on there was probably based on control of the salt rate the only problem that he neglected in his hypothesis is the information from the different sites here in the panna that are known here dates to the 4th, 3rd century there is a recent site here on a small inlet that has been found is also 3rd century while the main occupation of the Kemmelburg is 5th century so we have a current one it's only in Bruges the site here for La Pan that is 5th century but this is without the range of the Kemmelburg so this hypothesis it's not really found it well because there is a difference in time between the occupation of the salt trader sites and the Kemmelburg sites the other thing is Goyhem that if you see it's in the limits of the visual area of Kemmelburg but one of the things that I will talk later about it it has except for the Kemmelburg with a high number of this red painted Kemmelburg so we assume that there is an association between the both sites this is Goyhem itself located close to the River Skeld and what's interesting from the point of view from the viewshed it seems really to control the Skeld it's focused from a point of view on the control of the River Skeld and this is the relation between Kemmelburg, Goyhem and the 5th century when van der Slav was excavating there was not much now it's only with recent commercial archeology that there is more activities and we see a lot of 5th century rural settlements appearing and there's also here in it is one site the 5th century that they seem very specific with the ritual deposition area that is present but we see have no more information although it's limited information it's open settlements we find pits we have a problem for 5th century we see in finding the building themselves there's one of the things we have it's mostly pits that seems to be associated with agriculture activity and also other activities this is Kesslerden and this is a complete thing that is the watershed between the Dender and the Zennig but it's not focused on one of the rivers and the last site Kesslerberg again has a very specific location where we see it seems to be focused partly on the Daile and also on the confluence of the Daile river so two of the sites are really focused on control from a point of view on the river area itself here also with Kemmel, Kesslerberg we don't have much information about settlement for this period around it one of the other things specifically it is what we call the red-painted Kemmelpottery there's also red-painted pottery in this period but Kemmelberg Petty has a specific gastric, it's a very famed clay with the grog temper and also with a little bit of organic material and flint it is well fired mostly a dark grey to a black core and the walls are buffed to orange and we don't have complete forms it seems to be that you have large vessel for the settler type and they have also this specific kind of room that we find but there's never been made a possible to be reconstructed a complete form but it seems to be open types like this with this room and then the settler types who are more closed the Kemmelberg, the first finds where associated the round points are this Kemmelberg we have Kemmelberg here we have Goyhan where we find it we have the Kester and also Kesselberg there's an interesting site where you have some answer here in this place that's called Erfelder it's not a hill site it's on a flat area it's on a sandy ridge in a flat area but it's located at the confluence of the river Skeld and the river Derm but it's not really a hill site but it's also a small excavation where you find some friends then we have the other types are other red-painted pottery that has a bearing and recently we have been doing a study of this material also this is now back to Goyhan just where we have this ritual structure it seems to be an entrance with a building and in the center of it it was a whole deposit of fragmented pottery more than a thousand fragments with a huge amount of this red-painted Kemmelberg next to typical 5th century pottery but this was it and this is what we think that Goyhan and Kessel have special ratio with it when you count in numbers we have about more hundreds of fragments in Kesselberg in Goyhan and hundreds of fragments in Kemmelberg itself when you move to the other sites like Kesselberg it's only a limited number 5th century so this is the area where this pottery has been transported but it's also present on the other fortified site of this period recently there has been an Archaeometric study about Kemmelberg and also some other red-painted pottery as a test and what you see here is a fragment from a site called Hover in the Antwerp that when you see it it looks like red-painted pottery from Kemmelberg the quality is less fine and you see here the dispersion of it this is some other red-painted pottery from a site in northern France we have also the red-painted Kemmelberg and you see they have a different signal this is the most of the pottery we find here at Kemmelberg and the site of Hover what related to have you find this these are the sites the pottery with red-painted Kemmelberg and Hover has a different signal there is brome present within it so that we know this is an imitation effect of red-painted Kemmelberg and this is a short overview from the site what we know for the moment you see there is still a lot of work and potential things to do I want to thank you for your attention