 येजनी elsewhere कर कantly today । । वाँ । । । तो तो अदिवतेंग से नहींवांग of we can say that if we say, how we check the steady state. तो तो तो तो तो तो यह ख़िया तो वह गाहींग से प्रशिए हो जासागा वलीगThe effect of increase initial substrate concentration on the steady state biomass And then that also effect on the residual substrate concentration on the chemostat. So, there as the different possibilities that how we start the fermentation process in continuous culture. So, when we start our fermentation, so if initially we add less amount of the than there will be a more chance having the less residual substrate with respect to time. So in this diagram you can see that there are three situations SR1, SR2 and SR3 mean X is the biomass concentration when there is initial substrate concentration in the stage one or in a first situation then in second situation and then in a third situation. So when there is a more substrate mean SR3 then there is you know when we say that there is a utilization so that is you can say there is a equal trend of the depletion of those substrate but as concern the residual substrate we can see that the same trend but as concern the SR1 and SR2 then that is gradually having the different decrytical stage. So mu max that change over that having the three stages as we have the initial substrate concentration so that is very critical that how we start our fermentation in a continuous mode. So we can say that the effect of increasing the initial substrate concentration on X bar and S bar mean that is biomass concentration and residual substrate concentration during steady state. So as I have already told you the SR is increased so increased then the residual substrate concentration is unaffected but the decrytical increase slightly with then increase of the SR. So as we have seen that there is a three different in a previous figure that there are three different mu max stages but there is a minor change. So where SR, SR2 and SR3 in the figure represent increasing concentration of the limiting substrate in the feed medium so as well as we have seen then there is a minor change in the mu max conditions. So in such cases when we say that the result of chemostat experiment may differ from those experimented by the foregoing theory. So the reason for these deviation may be having some anomalies associated with the government or the theory not predicting the behavior of the organism. So sometimes when we say that there is the ideological and some sort of very clear situation but the behavior of the organism change with the addition of some substrate. So we can say that under certain circumstances so the practically there is a so much fluctuation in the steady state. So imperfect mixing would cause an increase in the degree of the heterogenicity. So because in affirmation there is a number of factors can affect the steady state. So if that is when some organism being subject to the nutrient success while other having under the severe limitation because when there is not proper mixing what happen the substrate concentration on some part of the fermentation vessel having excess and on other hand because there is the addition of the substrate on a one side because that is not the shovering of the substrate we will only having addition on a one side. So there is a proper mixing if that then that can be but if there is not proper mixing that can affect the whole situation in the fermentation vessel. So this is a very critical situation while handling the continuous cultures. So when we say about the continuous culture after now we have discussed when all the cells are freely moved in that because sometimes when we use immobilized cells. So when there is a utilization of the immobilized cells in the fermentation vessels then we can say there is no more dilution when there is an output when we are harvesting something what happen. So there will be no more harvesting of the existing cells that can affect the situation inside the fermentation. So the immobilized cells are not subject to the removal from the vessel but will consume the substrate resulting in the suspended biomass. So that can have an other situation inside the fermenter. So then that can be affected by number of ways in a fermentation conditions. So on another hand when we say that a frequent observation in carbon and energy limited chemostat is that the biomass concentration at lower rate is lower than the predicted. Sometimes we are predicted some and other results but actually what happen then when we estimate practically that is the totally different result. So in such case when we say about carbon and energy limiting substrate then the biomass concentration at lower dilution rate is lower than the predicted one. So this is attributed to the phenomena of the micro-organism utilizing greater proportion of the substrate for maintenance at lower dilution rate. So effectively the yield factor decreases at lower dilution rate. So bull 1974 reviewed the major cause of the deviation from the basic chemostat theory because when we say that there is a chemostat theory when we say that there is a very steady state and we balance all the growth parameters by controlling the dilution rate but there is a major deviation from that. So bull 1974 reviewed all those changes that what is the basic deviation from that chemostat theory. So the basic chemostat theory may be modified in a number of ways but the most common modifications are the addition of extra stage vessels and the feedback of biomass into the vessels. So if we only have a single vessel then sometime we have a multi chambers fermentation vessel just to avoid the anomalies or deviation in chemostat culture.