 So, der nächste Talk heißt Router-Zwang und Funkabschottung. Was Aktivisten davon lernen können und der Vortragende ist der Max Mehl. Mir ist es vor ein paar Jahren noch passiert, da wollte ich einen neuen Router anschließen zu Hause und habe dann bei meinem Proberter angerufen, habe gesagt, ich habe einen neuen Router, ich würde den gern anschließen, ja, da muss ich sie mal weiter verbinden. Es hat eine ganze Weile gedauert, es waren auch mehrere Anrufe notwendig, um dann irgendwann mal da entsprechend konfigurieren zu können, dass ich einen neuen Router anschließen möchte. Es ist schon ein paar Jahre her und das hat sich jetzt geändert, und zwar im Sommer diesen Jahres. Das ist einigen sehr engagierten Aktivisten zu verdanken, die sich da sehr ins Zeug gelegt haben, um das zu ändern. Und das ist toll, dass es gelungen ist und wir müssten bei vielen anderen Sachen... Willkommen zu der englischen Translation dieser Rede. Kompassiere Routes und Radio Lockdown. Und Max Mehl, der ein Aktivist in diesem Feld war, ist hier, um uns zu erzählen, was das ist und was die Aktivisten lernen können. Er ist ein politischer Scientist und arbeitet für die Freie Software Foundation in Europa und lebt in der German-Tana von Münster, für den Moment. Und eure Translators sind Sebastian und Neoblast. Okay, vielen Dank für die Interduktion und Ihre Aufmerksamkeit. Wie gesagt, wir reden über die Kompassiere Routes und Radio Lockdown und wie sie politisch aktiv sind. Wir sind hier in einem Paradies von Netaktivismus. Ich würde sagen, die Geschichte der Kompassiere Routes ist die Geschichte der Menschen, die technische Nörden und Hacken waren, aber sie sind in die politische Sphäre und haben sich mit ihrem technologischen Background geändert. Und das ist genau das, was die Freie Software Foundation in Europa, die ich für sie arbeite, tut. Wir sind hier, um die Leute zu kontrollieren, weil in so vielen Kisten die Technologie uns kontrolliert. Und wir haben viel mit Politik zu tun. Wir haben viel mit Politik zu tun, in diesem Fall natürlich. Und ich werde mich über die politischen Probleme, die mich über die Leute begleitet haben, die mich für lange Zeit verabschieden haben und sind noch da. Und ich werde mich über die Leute sagen, dass es nicht so hart ist, politisch aktiv zu werden. Natürlich sind es große Themen, eine von ihnen sogar im EU-Topic. Aber es gibt so viele politische Probleme, die existieren. Man muss nur über die nächste Kommunikation schauen. Die Municipalität, die so viel mit der proprietaryen Software benutzt. Die Probleme, die wir, die technologischen Menschen, die halben Leute gemerkt haben, und ich würde dir empfehlen, dir zu aktivieren. Und in der zweiten Hälfte meiner Gespräche, nachdem ich über die Kombazirutasruhe gesprochen habe, um uns alle auf den gleichen Level zu kommen, würde ich gerne darüber reden, was ich von dieser Frage genommen habe. Ich bin jetzt nicht ein absolut politischer Profi, ich habe nicht seit Jahren eine politische Erfahrung gehabt, aber ich habe viel von den Dingen, die ich denke, für any kind of activism and campaigning could be used. This is about how to prepare best, if you have identified a topic, how do I form alliances, how do I find allies, and how do I communicate my issue to the public, what can be done. We only have 30 minutes, so it will not go into so much depth, but I hope you will take something away anyway. At the end I will talk about a few obstacles that you might encounter, hurdles that could bring the whole thing down, but with a few simple tricks and the right attitude, I think it's easy to get around this. I will begin with Kombazirutas. Who of you has heard something about Kombazirutas? Okay, we can skip that slide. Just very briefly for the one or two people that haven't. It's about the fact that routers are forced upon you, router and modems are the guards, the door guides for all the traffic that comes from me into the world, everything that goes out into the internet, maybe TV streams and things like that as well. And until roughly August this year, August 2016, these devices did not belong to us in many cases, particularly for cable providers. These people said that our network includes the router. And the router is the network termination point. Only once I've connected that ethernet cable to my laptop, that's where the consumer network begins. So, nothing from the router or the first modem, the first device at the wall into the network was said to belong to the provider, which of course is a fatal thing, because in that case we cannot control, if we cannot swap this device. If we don't have authority over it, that is bad for our security, bad for trust into this kind of hardware. We do not know what these devices in these boxes are running. It's bad for innovation, because many internet providers tend to choose the cheapest modem or router and put it out on the market. And there's no way of developing competition for better devices, which we see today with cable routers. This market is only slowly starting up and there's not much choice, not much innovation. It's bad for compatibility. We have often seen that certain telephones, certain internet technologies are not compatible. The standard devices that providers give us, that in some cases maybe could be exchanged, but in many cases could not. And of course it's bad for free software, because if I operate a router and want to operate a router that's based on free software such as OpenDWT, that would not be possible. Das war ein Topic for us, because since August 2016 the law says it's possible to obtain your own router no matter which kind of provider you're using. But this process, the fact whether these providers actually go along with that new law, that is something that still keeps us busy today. Having a good law, which fortunately happened, is not enough. wie die Implementation funktioniert. Nächste Issue. Die Standard-Question für die Statistiken. Wer hat etwas über Radio-Lockdown gehört? Ah, das sind deutlich weniger Menschen. In meiner Meinung, das ist wirklich schlecht. Das ist ein EU-Directory, mit dem eleganten Namen 2014-43-EU. Diese Namen verbinden uns, die unkonformierenden Software auf die Devices zu verabschieden. Das bedeutet Software, die vielleicht nicht mit den existierten Broadcast-Regulations-Signal-Strengthen und Technologien, die bestimmte Broadcast-Devices haben, zu containn. Die Produzenten müssen, als die Direktorin es fürgt, die Produzenten, die das neue Gesetz verabschieden, die im nächsten Sommer, Juli, wird, sich diese Firmware für Konformität checken. Wenn eine Firmware nicht konformiert wird, oder wenn es unkannter ist, muss sie sich das Konformieren nicht auf die Devices zu verabschieden. Wir sprechen von einem solchen Broadcasting-Device, einem Device, der radio-Signal oder Radiosignal ist, nicht nur Routers, aber auch Smartphones. Wifi-Gibs und Laptops, GPS-Receivers, alles muss darunter gelockt werden, um irgendwelche Software zu verhindern, die diese Regulierungen anbieten. Das ist eine Art DRM, eine Lockdown, in der Manufacturers mit bestimmten Signatulisten beobachten. Es gibt viele unerwartete Details, aber das macht uns sehr müde, weil das für freie Softwareprojekte sehr schlecht ist. Das ist für Freifunk-Projekte, und das ist nicht ein guter Punkt für eine falsche Kompetition. Es ist schlecht für die Sicherung, weil wir nicht unsere eigene Firmware, die wir auf unsere Devices vertrachten, und ich muss dir nicht sagen, wie viele Firmware, die wir in einem Default-Firmware haben, und natürlich ist es schlecht für die Sustainability. Es war möglich, für Routes, die keine Updates mehr bekommen, um die WRT aufzuwerfen, um die Devices zu verwenden. Insofern, wenn man die Sicherung hat, dann muss man die Devices erzielen, wenn sie keine Updates mehr haben, und man kann sie nicht selbst fangen. Das war etwas, das seit dem Autumn 2015, der Direktor war in 2014, aber für einen langen Zeit war er nicht erzielt, und das wird uns für ein paar Jahre, für ein paar Jahre zu kommen, und wir hoffen, dass die EU-Kommission bestimmte Klassen von Devices definiert werden, die nicht von diesem Direktor zu sein, sodass diese negativen Konsequenzen schliessen können. Ich werde jetzt, wie gesagt, durch ein paar kleine Tricks, die ich acquired habe, die politisch nicht nur politisch aktiv sind, sondern auch mit großen Projekten, wie Radio Lockdown und Kompassier Routes, aber auch mit kleineren Projekten und Aktivitäten. Zum Beispiel, wenn man in der Municipalität die freien Software erzielen will, weil man sieht, dass eine große Menge Geld auf nonfreie Software und restriktive Kontakte sind, und man will aktiv sein. Man könnte vielleicht thousands von anderen Projekten denken, wo man sehr klar ist, dass politisch etwas muss gemacht werden. Und ich sage es nochmal, technische Lösungen sind nur eine Lösung für einen kurzen Zeit oder einen mediumen Termin. Wenn man eine sustainable change, eine sustained change, muss man politisch aktiv sein, das ist zu hart zu tun. Wenn man gut bereit ist, hat man schon viel Arbeit gemacht. Bevor du aktiv bist, bevor du ein Thema pickst, oder wenn du ein Thema pickst, und du weißt ungefähr, was es sein soll, dann recommend du ein realistisches und precise Target. Du findest ein Objektiv, was du willst, das zu erreichen. Oft wird das voluntary, und du willst das für einen klaren Target. Das war ein Problem mit Radio Lockdown. Wir hatten das Direktiv auf dem Stil, und wir wussten nicht, wie wir das ermöglichen sollten. Wie können wir das Problem mitigieren? Das Direktiv ist durch den Parlament. Es gibt nicht viel zu tun, realistisch, um das ganze Direktiv zu reversieren. Dann beginnst du zu finden, dazwischen, dazwischen, und das ist wichtig zu sagen, nicht zu definieren, unrealistische Targets, und ich glaube, dass du die ganze Welt morgen verändern kannst. Du hast einen kleinen Target, Targets, das auch verändern kannst. Es ist sehr wichtig, es ist auch... Es ist sehr wichtig, dass du Informationen bekommst, und dass du die Informationen gut mantainerstellen. Und dass du sie gut processierst. Das ist was, was wir mit den Routen und der Radialockdown haben. Das Knowledge, das wir über Stunden verabschieden haben, mit komplexen technologischen Problemen, haben wir gedacht, um das zu präsentieren. Wir hatten das FSFE Website, das war ein offizierter Ort, aber wenn du startest ein Blog, setst ein Wiki für die Organisationen, die das arbeiten wollen, um anderen zu helfen, um das Thema schneller zu bekommen, um mehr Informationen zu sammeln. Das ist so, dass du mehr Informationen bekommst, um Menschen mit dem Thema zu verabschieden. Es sind technologische Themen. Wenn der Thema für ca. 2-3 Jahre ein Problem ist, mit den Routen, es hilft, ein Timeline zu haben. Wir haben das mit den Routen mit Journalisten verabschieden. In order zu zeigen, wie das Thema begann, was passiert ist, was die Menschen hatte, dann kam das Ökonomische Ministerium, um das zu verabschieden. Um das zu verstehen, ist es etwas schwierig. Es hilft, ein bisschen Timeline zu haben. Es ist auch eine gute Motivation, um zu sehen, wie viel du schon verabschiedest. Ein weiteres wichtig, ist, es ist sehr glücklich, dass mit diesem Termin für die Routen verabschiedet ist. In Deutschland, das Wort ist sehr gut bekannt, und viele Leute raised their hand when I asked about who knows us. It's used for most people and also from the media. Not only from you. It's a little bit more difficult with the directive, because it's coming from the EU. In English we call it Radio Lockdown. But in German it's a little bit more difficult, because you want to try to bring it over across different languages, and sometimes it can be a little bit difficult. If you want to become active, try to find some sort of slogan or term you can use to describe these things. If you have different supporters, then it helps to be able to work all together. Speaking of supporters, it's always good also to build alliances. It doesn't have to be a huge topic. This can also be a communal topic in which you can work on. I can't say it enough. Look over the table and look for uncommon agents, uncommon members. For example, on the Congress we won't probably do much with companies, although they might also find the political situation not very good for their company. We try to work also with journalists. And with NGOs, industry associations. We work with associations with consumer protection people, when it was about composite routes, but also with Radio Lockdown. We work with individual companies whose complete existence was threatened by this. It helps to form new networks. Communication networks are important. We use mailing lists, but many activists prefer something like Slack or IRSE channels or whatever. If you have a few people that you worked with, find ways of activating many people in a very short time. So consider whatever you are working at, find a unique single communication channel. It's important to give yourselves feedback or each other and ask for feedback too. For example, if you write a blog entry about the topic that you are busy with, it's worth asking your supporters or completely new people what they think about that. If there are things that you do not completely know about yet, things that you are not quite sure about how to deal with certain information, for example, things that go over your head in a way, get others involved. It's good. We did this with the Ruto Lockdown. We had this whole contractual legal text from the European Parliament. That's not the most exciting kind of nighttime lecture, not the shortest either. So it's legalies basically and of course I'm not a great expert on this. I had to ask people and ask what does this mean. There are still things that aren't clear to us about the way such a directive should be interpreted and work in an offensive or proactive way and say this is clear to us already but this I don't quite understand yet and turn this into kind of critique if that's appropriate. It's ideal if you could find, get others involved in actions. It was quite difficult with the Ruto Lockdown, the Radio Lockdown Directive. It was hard to find people who we could tell what to do because the factor so that the law existed we were dealing with the Federal Network Agency in Germany and about compulsory Routes. It was very hard to define what people could do now that we have the law since the first of August and the final the Routes can be chosen freely by people. We have we actually found an action that we could do to get others involved. We could also test devices and ask them to experiment whether these devices would work on their connections so that can generate more echo and get more people informed about the new opportunities and of course it's good for us to get some feedback. Does it work? Can you now use the new law and connect new devices? It is possible in many cases we found but we couldn't have found it in any other way. Concerning Radio Lockdown we had a public statement wrote up a few paragraphs about the whole topic our demands and thanks to a fantastic idea of Freifunk Friends the whole thing turned into a public letter that organizations and companies could sign and that now gave us 40 institutions that are supporting our demands and that at the same time is a huge foundation to find supporters and alliances and if you have something like that with the topic that you want to work on that is a very, very big thing to have. In general to just very shortly say online petitions is not something that we have a lot of experience with and it's important to not let those petitions peter out as it were and if you haven't got the supporter base and try to start an online petition from scratch out of thin air it might just fail and could actually result in you wasting a lot of time that is my experience at least maybe others have had some other experience the last point and maybe the most important one is communication you also have to do everything you are working on you have to bring it to others and therefore you have to ask for who should this be why am I doing all of this am I doing this only for myself or am I doing this for my friends or for a hacker space but maybe also thinking a little bit further maybe there are a lot of other people who would also be interested in this and then you can try to find arguments for why this would be interesting to other people once you found something that you can develop then it's nice to try to quickly build a description of this using the three sentence rule you want to describe your topic in three different sentences and that is what's it about why is it important and then how can we actually solve this what's an option that we can use in order to solve this problem and we can do this in three different sentences then we can re-use that for everything if we're talking to journalists if we're talking to colleagues but also possibly in other works as well log articles so even if the things get very complex you can always see it broken down into these three sentences particularly if you want to talk to journalists as I said this can be the local journalists from the small paper have an interesting story to tell them this was quite easy with compulsive routers because as soon as we noticed that there were public statements and hearings and individual statements we heard that the 330 people that had answered to the first public consultation only about a handful of the answers was in favour of compulsive routers and the rest more than 300 people were against it including companies of course that means the story was quite simple to tell all citizens are basically against compulsive routers most companies are and only a very small handful such as the internet providers and network operators are in favour of it now this is of course a fantastic David and if you have something like that it's a very good introduction to give to journalists a good hook for them to use and that motivates you and in this way you can keep giving updates and keep the whole issue going now praise and critique is very important praise is underrated when it came to the compulsive routers the economic ministry the federal ministry in Germany which took away leadership of the whole dossier away from the network agency probably they weren't happy with the publications they had made and they then drafted a law which was surprisingly good we were wondering ourselves how this kind of full u-turn could have taken place because what the network agency had written had been quite disappointing and that we praised not overwhelmingly but it's important not to forget politicians to authorities administrations do critique as well of course but that's more easy to do for activists and last but not least get out of the filter bubble the one that you build yourselves this here is a huge filter bubble I can tell you 90% of the people 100% of the people are against compulsive routers and radio lockdown I couldn't say from the people in this room 100% of the general population keep trying to find new actors new agents I've been overrunning slightly but just briefly to go to the obstacles what can happen something that will probably happen is that you are suffering from information overload and what of course helps there is to find partners as early as possible that you can work with or if necessary kind of reduce the topic you can't always cover everything you can't always achieve everything so pick a particular aspect and keep working on that and maybe then extend from that later if you have more resources what can also happen is that there is no interest that there is a difference in the public the router thing was kind of slow at first well routers everyone has a router but who knows really what they are large parts of the population don't and what helps there is to link it to another topic what was very good was the whole Snowden affair that then came up where the security aspect could be linked if you have free software in public administration that you want to support you could talk about tax squandering tax payers money if there is progress positive progress interest can quickly increase for a long long time there was hardly anything of the expert press were publishing things but then towards August we had zudorch site computer built so large general and large computer papers more or less every important paper so you wouldn't believe how quickly things can get going and what can also happen is that there are phases of boredom that cannot be avoided you can kind of bridge them by working on something else and maybe do some preparation work the radio lockdown thing there was not a lot that could be done for a long time we were kind of in midair not quite knowing where to go but then things can take a turn quickly talking of radio lockdown there have been a few opportunities that have shown up we will probably be able to join the working group or the expert group for the commission the EU commission and the whole thing has got momentum again and I hope that we can keep pick up on that and make it stronger so keep going and know that these things can happen we haven't got too much time for discussion but please go to the FSFE assembly I think it's on the first floor and at 1930 just after this there will be a session on radio lockdown where we will try to bring as many organizations in as we can organizations that want to work on this kind of working meeting tomorrow then there will be a follow up to this, to that meeting community wifi is unite at 19h 7pm and also very nice a lightning talk a scientific working group at the technical university of Darmstadt whom I had not heard about at all they are holding a lightning talk about the same topic and they will be saying why this is very bad from a scientific point of view so again I'll invite you to be there I'll go there myself, thanks for your attention ja, vielen Dank das war jetzt ein wenig länger als gedacht sorry so if you have questions we don't have much time left for them but go to the microphone and the signal angel has a question from the internet we have multiple questions from the internet we are going to start with the first someone is asking as a radio amateur how does it look because some of these some of these rules that the radio is trying to how does it look then with looking to control what is done on airport the answer is in the directive for the radio shutdown there is a there is a exception for amateurs there this would allow many to experiment as well so devices that are suffering from this lockdown of course will make it harder for radio amateurs to get good hardware and our position of course and we want to have as many exceptions from that directive as we possibly can another question okay, I will be the person holding the lightning talk tomorrow about the scientific initiative and I would like to add it's not just about why it's bad for science for scientists but also what we can do and we have a common statement and we are looking for scientific groups that want to work on devices of all kinds and would like to be able to continue working so if you are in a scientific back working on this with a scientific background come to that lightning talk or talk to me or go to the kaoswelle assembly which is where our pamphlets are okay, so if someone is doing scientific work please approach this young man someone of Angel is showing up again with the last question someone asks about the legal situation about dongles on devices is that compatible with property law good question property law is as I said I am not a legal expert but I don't think it's a huge obstacle because the devices are not given dongles in retrospect these are devices that are sold with dongles so if I buy a device like this and I know that a restriction like this is in force on the device then legally is probably not a problem because I knew this when I bought it the lockdown isn't brought in at a later stage which doesn't make the whole thing much better but I don't think there is a problem with property law unfortunately okay, thank you another applause for Max Miel please