 فشرف بل اشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دادا دالا وياله من شراف عظيمي الحمد لله رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن والثاناء الجميل وشدوى الله إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول الحق وهو يهدي السبيل وشدوى النسيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بيحسان إلى يوم الدينة ما بعد إن شاء الله تعالى today is going to be the last day for the introduction of مدخل إلى علم الفق we're going to do the last and the final مدهب مدهب الظاهري so we previously spoke about مدهب المالكي and we spoke about مدهب الحنفية and we also finally spoke about مدهب الحنبالية شاء الله تعالى today we're going to speak about the last مدهب that is followed which is المدهب الظاهري as we always do we define and we speak about the Imam of the مدهب this is the fifth مدهب I call it أهل السنة والجماعة the head of this مدهب and the leader of this مدهب his name is داود ابنو علي ابنو خلف you can either say أصبهاني or you could say if you want أصفهاني so you can say it as a باء or you can say it as a فاء so الأصبهاني or الأصفهاني and he's very well known as داود الظاهر he's known as he's very well known as داود الظاهري he was born the year 204 هجرية and he died 270 هجرية the person who spread this مدهب who really pushed it who spread it around the earth really defended it he safeguarded it he's none other than الإمام ابنو حزم his name is أبو محمد علي ابنو أحمد ابنو سعيد ابنو حزم his name is أبو محمد علي ابنو أحمد ابنو سعيد ابنو حزم he was born the year 384 and he died the year 456 هجرية so أبو داود الظاهر is مدهب if it wasn't for Allah and then ابنو حزم his مدهب wouldn't really have become something and it would have been graded and classified as the مدهب that came and left that's what we would have thought we would have seen it like the ابنو جديد is مدهب سوفيان الثوريو is مدهب أو زاعيو is مدهب ليث ابنو سعيد is مدهب these أئمة وفقها they went they went but أبو محمد علي ابنو حزم he pushed أبو داود الظاهر is مدهب and he became really known and acknowledged أبو محمد علي ابنو أحمد ابنو سعيد ابنو حزم he died the year 384 and he died the year 456 داود الظاهر is the Imam of this مدهب in his early stages or let's say his first steps or the first مدهب that he studied was he took مدهب الشافعي so he was a shafi' in his early stages he took it from أبو ثور أبو ثور who is one of the students of who is one of the students of إمام الشافعي where is he a student of إمام الشافعي in Baghdad we spoke about that then أبو داود الظاهر رحل إلى نيسابور أبو داود الظاهر he traveled from Baghdad after that and he went to Neisaboi then he sought knowledge there he took it from the علماء of نيسابور and then he came back to Baghdad when he came back to Baghdad he made apparent he brought to light his view regarding analogy قياس and he proved and he brought out that he negates قياس and he doesn't believe in the existence of قياس and he also rejected other types of دلالات الألفاض he rejected it and then what he did was he clearly he clearly brought out into the open that he only takes the apparent verses and he only takes the apparent أهديت he just takes it from the ظاهر and so he rejected many of the دلالات that you will find like مبحة المفهوم he doesn't take it it has to be منطق مفهوم whether it's مفهوم الأولى or مفهوم المعفقة or مفهوم مخالفة he doesn't care for him he doesn't take مفهوم at all it's the chapters that he rejects he also rejects قياس analogy doesn't believe in قياس and many other things that he rejected so what does he say that he takes why is his مدهب called مدهب الضاهري what's the ظاهري it means he takes the ظاهر he takes the apparent verses and what does he also take the apparent أحديت so like for example if a woman says when her father asks she's a virgin and her father asks do you want to get married if she says yes dad for him that's not permissible to marry her off because the narration said that her silence is acceptance if she speaks it's not an acceptance because he takes the apparent evidences أحديت clearly apparently he says from the ظاهر from the apparent what did he say that she says yes good كتاب المحلة by ابن حزم the book كتاب المحلة by ابن حزم is the ديوان الفق ظاهري is the reference point for the ظاهري مدهب this book المحلة written by ابن حزم is the book that's considered a reference point a very extraordinary great reference point for the ظاهري مدهب and as it was said لو للمحلة if it wasn't for the محلة by ابن حزم لما تفق الظاهري فق الظاهري would have died and this mudhub would have died لأنه the reason is because لما يشحر له تلميد none of his students with the ظاهري became famous and out there so if it wasn't for this book المحلة it wouldn't have been it wouldn't have been a mudhub that would be studied or even looked into here's a question now some big discussion amongst the علماء and that is and this قضية don't take this matter very lightly which is هل يعتبروا خلاف الظاهرية is the خلاف الظاهرية actually taken into consideration if they differ so imagine all the other four imams they agree on something and let's say all of the علماء agree on something if the ظاهري oppose them is the difference of opinion or their disagreement is it actually taken into consideration is it given any weight does that make sense also is their مدهب the مدهب الظاهري is that a مدهب يوم ضروا إليه في الخلاف for example we remember we spoke at the early stages of the مدخل إلى علم الفق the early stages we spoke about that the person needs to look at the difference of opinion of the scholars especially in issues of فق because you don't want to speak about a matter where you haven't really looked at the difference of opinion there are does that make sense when you look at each party their disagreement why they disagree what's their evidences and etc so the question is do we have to look into the مدهب الظاهري their difference of opinion or their disagreement is it something that we should give any consideration very important question from the scholars the أهل العلم من ذاهب إليه أن خلاف الظاهرية from the scholars the people of knowledge there are those there are those who considered that the خلاف الظاهرية it should not be given any weight some scholars they hold the opinion that the مدهب الظاهرية the مدهب الظاهرية should not be given any weight and that their statement it should not be added to the ranks of the statements of the فقها and their reason for this is because they say that the ظاهرية reject غياس and غياس is a رقم في الاجتهاد غياس is a pillar in what in independent reasoning when the person wants to deduct a rule he need to do غياس he need to do اجتهاد and he can't do independent reasoning if he hasn't what if he hasn't studied غياس and if he doesn't believe in غياس so if they don't accept غياس then they they're not what they're not مجتهدين they're not people who can do independent reasoning because they're rejected in a pillar in which اجتهاد stands on و لذلك ألمام الشرفعيو he said as ألمام الخطيب from him in his كتاب الفقي و المتفقي شافعيو said القياس هو الاجتهاد شافعيو actually said that قياس is اجتهاد if you if you want to know what اجتهاد is it's actually a قياس it's one and the other thing good also from the scholars who said that is امام النووي in his كتاب المجموع which is a شرح of مهدب عبد اللي but he also said that in his شرح شرحو شرحو is صحيح المسلم شرحو صحيح المسلم الامام النووي and the الامام النووي is from the scholars who believe that مدهة و ظاهرية are not what ده خلاف لا يعتدوا به that the difference of the penis is not given consideration because of the fact that they go against this very very strong point are we all together the second view is بعض العلماء some of the scholars who see who believe أن الظاهرية that the مدهة و الظاهرية يعتدوا بخلافهم their difference of opinion is given consideration is given weight it is و يذكروا قولوه and their statement should be mentioned and some of the scholars of the مدهة و الحمبلي that's بعض الحنابلة some of the حنابلة they mentioned that the statement of ظاهرية يعتدوا به بخلافهم their khilaf is given weight and it's given consideration and what seems to be apparent what seems to be what what seems to be apparent أن الله سبحانه وتعالى knows best is that أن فقها الظاهرية that the فقها and the juice of the ظاهر مدهة يوخذوا بقولهم that the statement should be taken and that the خلاف should be مدهة and it should be given a consideration unless if they oppose in what if they oppose in a matter related to قياس okay but if the thing that has been discussed is a matter pertaining to a دليل okay then this issue it shouldn't have any would you call it it shouldn't have any would you call it reason why it shouldn't be any reason or should it be anything that stops us from giving weight to their statement so this is the what this is the manhub of أبو داود الظاهرية رحمه الله I want to conclude إن شاء الله وتعالى with two very powerful points إن شاء الله وتعالى the first one is as you all know soon إن شاء الله وتعالى the the Egypt book fair is going to start it's going to start when 27 تقيب 26 27 of January so two things for a person who wants to study two very important things number one is that that the person buys the following books to study and ground themselves in the the the ground themselves in that the person or the student of knowledge should give consideration to getting the following books المبسوط that's written by Imam سرخسي سرخسي or we can say سرخسي we mentioned that before المبسوط that is written by سرخسي and the person he adds on to the first كتاب that a student of knowledge instead of going out buying so many thick books and contemporary books and رسائل جامعية just busy yourself with these these important books the first of them المبسوط المبسوط المبسوط and it's written by الإمام السرخسي السرخسي and on that this is كتاب فتح القدير the كتاب فتح القدير written by إبو همام كمال إبو همام and the كتاب بدائع الصناع by إبو روجي if the person adds on to that as well the حاشي of إبع عابدين and that would be very good we all together those were all the حنفي books those were all حنفي books as for the مدهب الماليكية if the person can buy the وطط of إمام وطط وطط وطط وطط موططة أمام مالك رحمة الله والموططة تحقيق بشارع عوال معروف إنه أفضل تحقيق موططة أمام مالك فقط موططة أمام مالك وzinho الموططة أمام مالك ثم تحقيق بشارع عوال معروفому بالتحقيق من خلال النبطة أيضا if you can get تحقيق بالتأكيد هذا جيد كما في مدهب الشافعية إذا كنا يمكننا أن نساعد لا لا لا سوف نعود كيف قلت؟ الموطع الممالك ثم قلت تمهيد ليم لعبد البقر حسنا ثم يجب أن نحاول الشروح المكتصر الخليل واحد من الشروح هو الرسالة حسنا أيضا نذهب إلى مدهب الشافعي نحاول أن نحاول الموطع الممالك الممالك هو الموطع أيضا نحاول أن نحاول المجموع من الشروح المكتصر المجموع من الشروح المهدب في حق الشيارازي المجموع من نووي عن ضروضة الطالبين من نووي رحمه الله والله اسم الله أكثر من هج من هج النووي مدهب الحنافية مدهب الحنابلة مدهب الحنابلة نحاول أن نحاول المغني با ابن قدامة وهي شرح المكتصر الخراقي ونضع إلى ذلك المردوي ومبدع با ابن مفلح وكافي با ابن قدامة ومنتهى الإرادات با الفتوحي كل هذا سيكون جيد لذا أنت تجد مغني با ابن قدامة ونصف با مردوي ومبدع با ابن مفلح وكافي با ابن قدامة ومنهى الإرادات منهى الإرادات با الفتوحي هذا سيكون جيد ومدهب الواهر إذا كانت توقفت با محلى لبن حزن فهذا يجب أن يجد عليك هذا هو مكتبة وصغبة مكتبة جدا مكتبة جدا هذه are the books that a lot of the a lot of the statements of the Oula man their discussion revolves around so these are books that are necessary that the Talim and the Anshah we're not talking about other we're not saying this is all you need now you need more if you enhance but these are what a small student of knowledge's library the second point that I want to speak about إن شاء الله و تعالى is بيدني الله الكريم as a conclusion of this مدخل is how should one become a فقي or how can a person be a strong فقي the first advice that I can give you is for a person to become a فقي and it's the key to become a فقي is that the person strives hard to memorize the book of الله و سبحانه و تعالى على حفظ القرآن الكريم memorizing the book of الله سبحانه و تعالى do not forsake the book of الله and do not dismiss it and place for the Quran a portion of your time and the best time is the last third of the night for verily that's the time that has the most باركة to memorize the Quran and your memorization becomes grounded at that particular time you see amazement if you were to get up and read at that particular time you place for yourself a portion of the Quran that you memorized you set yourself that portion if it's a half a page if it's a page if it's two pages if it's three lines if it's a line just be consistent with it and try to memorize try to memorize the Quran because that is the key of فق because فق firstly revolves around what statement and whose words statement of الله سبحانه و تعالى so I advise you first and تعتني يا إخوة الكرام that you give consideration to بحفظ القرآن الكريم the second thing that helps you become a فقي is أنتحرص that you strive hard على طلاعي على كتب السنة that you try to read if you're not going to memorize it at least you try to read that حديث of the Prophet ﷺ and especially you try to read the حديث الأحكام which a student of knowledge requires and he needs you're always looking at it and you're always reading it such as سنة الإبداوت سنة النساء سنة الملوماجة you see and سنة الترمذي and you try to also read the بلوغ المرام من أدلة الأحكام which is written by حافظ المحجر العسقلاني you also try to read the كتاب عمدة الأحكام by عبد الغلي عبد الواحد المقدسي رحمه الله جميعا those are books that speak about حديث الأحكام you also try to look at the سنة دار قطني you look at the سنة البيهق you try to also look at the منطقة by أبو البركات إبنو تينيا you look at these كتب that consist of and only talk about أحديث الأحكام you look at them consistently you go over them the third thing that will help you and it is the key to becoming a فقي and it's a path to become a person who is grounded in فق it's to place a correct methodology for yourself methodology is very important what book are you going to start from and what book are you going to finish at so you start from a a small book that's small that's easy you start from that and you make your way up gradually and الحمد لله we've already chosen the كتاب متنو أبي شجاع and that's the كتاب which is مختصر small and إن شاء الله تعالى بالتدرجوج if we gradually go up and up and up إن شاء الله تعالى you will see yourself becoming tough and strong in what do you call it and one of the reasons why people tend to not be able to attain any science within the religion is the fact that they lack اختيار المتن المناسب choosing the most befitting book about what methodology that they need to take a lot of people they like that and because that is not there they spend a year or two confused how to seek knowledge and so when they don't see no fruits of their coming to classes every day and they're sitting around when they don't see no substance coming from it they give up and they look for a 95 job so it's very important اختيار choosing المتن المناسب choosing the right method and having a correct methodology إن شاء الله تعالى that is something we are working hard on in making sure that all of you are going to get the correct books the fourth fourth thing that will help you إن شاء الله تعالى is إتباع الطريقة الصحيحة following the right path في القراءة when it comes to reading when you're reading فق and you're going over the books of فق that we mentioned you don't read them like a storybook no فق is not read لا يقرأ هذن it's not read like that rather it is it's read with analyzation observation and the reason why this subject was specifically called فق is because it requires فق it requires فهم it requires understanding so the person needs to needs to read in a way where he's understanding and he's digesting the information and how does that happen is that the person he takes the مسألة that the scholars are talking about and that the scholars are discussing and what do you try to do to it is that مسألة after you've understood it and you know what is meant by it you try to open إعترابات you try to open oppositions on it disagreement with it and then what you try to do is you try to respond to the إعترابات the opposition that you might come with or you try your best to go to شروح and explanations regarding that particular issue and then look for somebody who is actually brought forward this opposition that you've brought forward and this is one of the ways that strengthens a person's understanding of الفق and there are many other ways also a person can do it I've already spoken about that when I was talking about the precision in knowledge I spoke about that when I was speaking about precision in knowledge last but not least the fifth point that إن شاء الله تعالى that will help you be grounded in فق and become strong is making sure that you make consistent دعاء that Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was told to say وقر ربي زدني علمة say oh محمد oh الله increase me in knowledge so if the Prophet was told to make دعاء for Allah to increase him in knowledge then what we need to know and we need to understand is we will never attain knowledge unless Allah سبحانه وتعالى allows us to know و لذلك الشيخ الإسلام used to say يا معلم داود علمني و يا مفهيمة سليمان فهمني شيخ الإسلام who is شيخ الإسلام used to say the one who taught داود teach me and the one that made سليمان understand allow me to understand so the person has to humble himself in front of Allah سبحانه وتعالى and beg him and raise his hands up to Allah سبحانه وتعالى and Allah سبحانه وتعالى will then بإذن الله الكريم will give you what you're asking for because what you've done is you've taken the asbab you've come with the means and you've also humbled yourself and asked the Lord of the heavens and the earth to help you and aid you in training on this path and attaining beneficial knowledge that's insha'Allah the amount that we want to take from the madhab وظاهري that we need it today we have now concluded insha'Allah the madkhan إلى علم الفق that we needed and what we took and the points that we discussed over the last couple of months were the following we spoke about the first point قضية that we spoke about the first point that we spoke about was we defined فق and when we defined فق we defined it linguistically we defined it technically and we also defined it according to every scholar of every different field what he saw as to be فق then the second point we moved on to which is we spoke about خلاف we defined what خلاف means we spoke about the difference between خلاف and اختلاف we also spoke about the difference between خلاف and جدل and we also spoke about the difference between خلاف جدل and شقاق we also even spoke about what is a accepted خلاف we also spoke about حقيقة وقوع الخلاف في فل أمة the reality of خلاف occurring in this أمة we also spoke about in that point وقوع الخلاف يعود إلى أمورين what does خلاف occurring go back to what's the source for it what's the reason that it comes we also spoke about is a خلاف something we need to look for is it an objective that the شريعة has tried to attain or is it something that comes about we also spoke about the types of خلاف and we categorized them in many different angles we looked at it we also spoke about what causes the scholars and the خلاف and we moved them to the third point the third point the third point we spoke about تاريخ الفق and when we spoke about تاريخ الفق here is where we spoke about مراحل تاريخ الفق the levels and the stages which فق went through and we said فق went through how many stages we said we said it went through six space stages I mean seven stages yeah seven مراحل تاريخ it went through seven مراحل seven levels we mentioned and we also talked about ظهور الاجتهاد الجماعي how later in this Ummah there came اجتهاد which was communal مجانعا لجنات came لجنات this لجنات that مجمع this مجمع that that the اجتهاد it used to be individuals now it became what a communal اجتماع and a communal اجتهاد and we spoke about the conditions that are stipulated for a person to become a فق we spoke about that then we went into the first قضية the issue of التمده following a مدهب and the views regarding that and should a person follow a مدهب or should he not we spoke about that then we went into the full مدهب that are followed each one and how it came about and the the level the the stages that he went through and also the terms and the the إستلاحات that are used in each مدهب and books pertaining to مدهب so we did that for the مدهب الحنفي we did that for the مدهب الماليكي we also spoke about that in in مدهب الشافعي and also the مدهب الحمبلي and each Imam of the مدهب we spoke about and we also spoke about المدهب الظاهري which was the last one today and we concluded with a خاتمة the خاتمة that we concluded with was two things today which is the مكتبة the library of a small student of فق what does he need to place in his library we mentioned the books that he needs from each مدهب and we also mentioned the last thing that we concluded with was how should a among what path should a person take in order to attain فق and in order to learn فق and we mentioned how many things five things that he needs to come with if he wants to learn فق إن شاء الله التعالى next lesson بإذن الله الكريب we will start متب الشجاعة we will start with كتاب الطهارة باب المياه we will start with the chapter of طهارة and we will start on the chapter of water إن شاء الله التعالى بإذن الله الكريب anything which I have said today that was wrong and incorrect sleep of the tongue fault era is from me and shaitan and Allah his messenger are free from it and anything which I have said also in the whole sessions on this whole مقدمة is also from me and shaitan and Allah his messenger are free from it سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك أشد والله إلا إلا الله أستغفير وكاء واتوب إلي