 As you know, there are seven speakers. That is Dr. Rwanda Agung Sugar Diman from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. And then, Bepak Cardi Ansa from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Dr. Dedi Nursamsi from the Ministry of Agriculture and then Dr. Haris Gunawan from the Pitland Restoration Agency, or BRG and then, Pa John Kiff from UN Environment and then, Pa Adam Geran from FAO and the last one, Prof. Harry Pernama from CIFOR. Ladies and gentlemen, you know that Pitland Ecosystem plays a crucial role as a water resources, reservoir and water regulation. And Pitland has a large stock of organic carbon under waterlog and suitable climatic condition in anoxic condition. Human activities of Pitland, such as drainage cutting down the vegetation, drainage contraction, and shifting the land cover, result disturbances of pit ecosystem. Despite the ecosystem services that may provide by the Pitland ecosystem, since long time ago, Pitlands have supported human livelihood. Several flora species provide tangible benefit for food, latex, medicine, cultural values, and so on. And we have learned a lot of what we have done well and what we have done differently. But we have tried a number ways to utilization Pitlands. Some have worked well and some have not. When we are going wrong, it cost us so much be it environmentally, including health, be it economically, as well as socially. Ladies and gentlemen, sebelum kita proceed to the discussion, kita akan melihat short video about the Pitland. In the tropical forest and also degrades the biodiversity and the aesthetics inside. In 2015, the loss reached more than 221 billion rupiahs and wiped out up to 2.6 million hectare area. The causes are the land-at-forest fires in the pit ecosystem. President Joko Widodo emphasizes the importance of doing pit recovery. Ministry of Environment and Forestry had been executed seriously to inventory and map of pitland recovery in many regions since 2014. It divided Indonesia into 865 pet hydrological unit by the total area is 24.6 million hectare that is covered in 19 provinces. Total recovery that has been done in industrial plantation forest and oil palm plantation reach 1,209,086 hectare up to December 2017. This pitlands recovery effort has been doing by Ministry of Environment and Forestry, business practitioners and society all together. Many commitment to recover pitland will be continuously doing by Indonesia. 111 corporates were agree to construct around 3,755 unit scanal blocking. The construction was built for pitland rewetting by improving the water management in the working area. The pitlands rehabilitation will be done in the area of 28,101 hectare and by natural succession in 314,349 hectare. Ministry of Environment and Forestry engage with the business practitioners. They have been compulsory to keep the height of the water on pitland not less than 0.4 meter above the surface so it would not be burned. Ministry of Environment and Forestry urges people to aware of the sustainability of pitland ecosystem through community self-movement. People around pitland area is proven to develop their village to make it better for partnership programs with many participants. The effort of pitland ecosystem recovery is actually can restore its functions as a source of biodiversity, water reserve, and greenhouse effect prevention. This effort will save the economic value and pitland ecosystem in Indonesia as the fourth largest country in the world. Presented by Distinguished speakers and participants and decision is very interesting because after we seen the video so the policy for restoration and sustainable management of pitland I think is interesting to be discussed and we have seven speakers here and after there is a presentation from the speaker we will do the discussion with the participants. Every speaker will be allocated 10 minutes for presentation highlighting the assigned topic so you can use power point if necessary. For the first speaker I would like to invite Mr. Karniansa director general of pollution and environmental degradation control in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Mr. Karniansa, you know that Indonesia has over 15 million hectare of pitlands. Our pitland has a wide variety of pit ecosystem including the coastal pit of the main island Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Papua and pitland also located in Besin for example in central Mahakam, Kalimantan Kapuas of West Kalimantan as well Mamberamu river in Papua Trigger by the impact of the massive fire we know that almost more than 15 years indicated by the huge forest fire in 1997, 2013 and the most one is in 2015 and considering the condition of land and forest governance in general President Jokowi has instructed to reinforce on suspension of permit issuance new application in the primary forest and pitlands utilization known as the moratorium. This is monumental decision reflecting the commitment of Indonesian government to reform its pitland and forest management. Certainly we recognize the need for development even as a pressure for such we articulate by in depth review for strategic national project such as infrastructure and energy. We know that a lot of policy have already issued so my question how to consolidate among stakeholders who are actively working for protection and management of pitland. The floor is yours, Pak. Thank you, Agus. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Good morning. Honorable speakers, Honorable Agus as a chairman for this station. Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen First of all I would like to extend my sincere appreciation to the Indonesian government and Center for International Policy Research who helps collaboration with Indonesia government to hosting the short Asia Pacific and Polish Summit will head in Yogyakarta Indonesia. It is my great honor to have this opportunity to address this important meeting and share Indonesian experiences, management tools, approaches and institutional framework in management of pitland. In this presentation I will focus on delivery of experience and best management practices in management and restoration of ecosystem including in terms of imploping the active participation of the private sector. Indonesia has the the largest world out in the world after Canada, Russia and United States and the largest of tropical pitland. In the world, as the largest of tropical pitland Indonesia has a lot of biodiversity. Tropical pitlands Indonesia have enormous benefits for ecosystem such as forestry, flood control, fire risk control, egotrism, climate stability, biodiversity, the livelihood of local communities and also for education and research. That's why we need the same patient and priority to save pit ecosystem. As we know that the main problem in the pit ecosystem is uncontrolled drainage which means that the water management system is not delivered or poor water management. This is a serious problem that causes a pitland to dry up and land subsidence. The impact of both is a current of forest fire and land depression leading to the release of greenhouse gas emission and plants. The history of legislation in the pit ecosystem management in the early 20th century focus more on agriculture cultivation by dividing the pit ecosystem based on the sickness of the pit. Pit with sickness more than 3 meters serve as protected area while pit with less than 3 meters can be used as agriculture and plantation. We forget that the existing regulation government more about the zoning of its pit utilization but known of the regulation government the media of its pit ecosystem. This means that through government regulation number 71 of 2014 amended by government regulation number 57 of 2016 concerning on pit ecosystem protection and management more focus on regulating the characteristic and standard criteria for the grid pit ecosystem. The contents of government regulation number 71 of 2014 jangtu government regulation number 57 of 2016 are divided into 5 sections, namely first one scope cover planning, utilization, controlling, maintenance, superpatient and administrative sanction. The second one determination of pit ecosystem function the third pit ecosystem protection and management plan for the standard criteria for the grid pit ecosystem and the fifth is restriction of utilization of pit ecosystem. The derivative products of these laws are related to inventory of pit ecosystem characteristic and determination of pit ecosystem function. Water table measures divided based on the poorest area and non-poorish area as well as the consensian or pyramid area therein. Legibility of ripar sector based on minister of empire and poorest regulation number 14 to 16 must carry out inventory and mapping of pit ecosystem characteristic covering 13 parameters measuring and reporting water table at compliance point on pit lane revise the business work plan and set up the document of pit ecosystem restoration plan and also apply for environmental permit changes and comply with applicable laws and regulation. While for the government is to set up then declare pit ecosystem function scale 1 to 50,000 based on inventory and mapping of pit ecosystem characteristic develop the document of pit ecosystem protection and management plan at national, regional and district level. Based on corporate performance rating program on pit lane in December 2017 total of pit lane ecosystem function covering oil pump and industrial forest plantation of 1,268,000 hectares in comparison for 150 hectares. Thank you for your attention. Thank you, Pak Kalyansa for your very comprehensive presentation. Based on your presentation we know that there is a comprehensive action and policy as well have been taken by the Indonesian government including expressing political commitment formulating policy and regulation and then establishing a special agency of pit restoration and coordinating action with 11 of governments and stakeholders. Poloses, regulation, law enforcement and institutional arrangement in improving management of Indonesian pit lane have dramatically reduced the gradation of pit lane and pit fire events. This also reflects a better governance of Indonesian pit lanes that can ensure protection of good pit lane areas from the gradation and stop the graded pit lane from further damage. I have a question about what is the lesson learned policy and then experience on the management of pit ecosystem. Thank you, Pak Agus. The lesson that we get from the evolution during this time that the solution for conservation pit lane is relatively simple keep them wet. So in the government regulation the table water should be less than 0.4 meters or if they have been drained rewet them through application of pit restoration technique that includes water management on set level operation scale destruction operation and maintenance work including the arrangement of kind blocking installation I mean rewetting infrastructure and application of protection according to local wisdom and or research and development taking into account and adhering to the development of science and lesson learned from international perspective. Thank you. Thank you, Pak Kalyan Sir. Thank you, Pak Kalyan Sir. I will proceed to the next speakers that is Dr. Rwanda Agung Sugardiman. Pak Rwanda representing the Director General of Forest Planology and Environment Management Minister of Environment of Forestry. Pak Rwanda, you know that there is a policies regarding or indicative so I would like to invite you to have presentation on this topic. Thank you very much, Dr. Agung Sugardiman. Yes, this morning very good morning everybody. Yes, I'm from DGF of Forestry Planning and Forest Governance. This morning I will present what we have been doing quite a long time ago long history starting from 2011 about suspending the new permit on primary natural primary forest and big land area. So next. This is the long history of this presidential instruction. So it's the instruction from presidents only valid for two years but fortunately it's extended several time so now it's the fourth instruction for president, from president. So the instruction this includes the revision of the moratorium map setiap 6 bulan. So there is now revision number 13 that just launching in July. So the next revision will be in November. So next this is how we create the moratorium map. This is contribution from five different ministerial. The first is as the coordinator ministry of environment and forestry and also BIT the agency of geographic information and ministry of agriculture, ministry of agraria and ministry of home affair. So there are many input for make map done with the revision. This is come from result of the field survey the field survey done by ministry of agriculture and also the revised from the special planning in the province or in the district level and also from the land cover map. We use the recent land cover map to update our moratorium map. So from different input, we create the new revision. So the next slide will explain how is the condition the area that will be suspend for new permit in the next six or one year before the presidential instruction is expired. Hopefully this area is 64 million hektars will be permanently let's say permanently suspend. So we can protect our primary natural primary forest and our pitland area. This is the process that what we have done so far Bagus. Thank you Rwanda. We know that the current satellite technology and image interpretation and analysis as proportional skill is important and helpful for inventory analysis and planning. The social economy aspect as well parallel to the landscape unit inventory is the same important step. And Indonesia has gained extensive knowledge through these experiences. I would like to ask you how to consolidate the data information policy among stakeholders to PPP or indicative moratorium map one map policy for pitland. Thank you Bagus. This is a good question for us, for Ministry of Environment and Forestry, especially forestry planning. With this long history, so we come to what is we call it one map policy on pitland. So nyambunglah kita dimas. So one map is the presentation regulation number nine 2016. One of the thematic of the one map is the pitland perikutnya. Yes doing the one map policy, there are three main activity, the first is compilations. So in the all of the sector include in the one map should compile, submit all of this map. And then we make integration and then the important activity is a synchronization perikutnya. This is the organization how we deal with the one map policy. So the ministry coordinator of economics as a leader on this activity with several agency include on that activity next. And this one is the ministry that include in the one map activity and we have 85 thematic layer that we compile from the every unit, every ministry to be compile, to be integrate and synchronize perikutnya. This is how we ideally the special data can be access from the geoportal. Next. In the one map we have an action plan. So first as the presidential regulation our first work is in the Kalimantan in 2016 and 2017 Sumatra we are working on one map and this year we have to work on Sulawesi, Java and Nusa Tenggara and actually next year 2019 we have to finish Pakua and Maluku but fortunately our president ask the group to finish Indonesia on this year so we have to speed up the Pakua and Maluku works this year also so president want we have to launch our one map on August 2018 so we have a lot of work in this month, during this month we have a lot of meeting discussion to finish the target Next. What is the benefit of this one map we can see from this one there are many benefit that we can deal with the one map policy. So all of this benefit can also speed our sustainable development goal but we can explain Pak Agus. Thank you. Rwanda, we know that the implementation of indicative Moratiro map and also one map policy should be have obstacles and also challenges My question is what is the lesson learned in the implementation of the indicative Moratiro map and one map policy? Thank you. There are big lesson that we can derive from the one map and the Moratiro map previously before this activity is done we are very difficult to compile, to collect the data from every ministry, every sector with the reduction of president and also the regulation of president we forced to submit our own map to the national so from that one we can know who is doing what exactly so now we can see only one map can be produced by one single institution so there is no any more duplication, redundancy map that will be produced by another custodian ministry so now we have specific strong accuracy that specific layer, specific thematic must be done by specific ministry so this is one of the challenge how we can compile how we can verify who is doing what is very supportive in this process thank you big applause for Rwanda I would like to proceed to the next speakers Professor Dr. Dedi Nursamsi he is the director of agricultural land resources agency ministry of agriculture he will present about the restoration and sustainable peatland management on palm oil estates so I would like to invite Dr. Dedi to give a presentation thank you gentlemen I would like to discuss about restoration and sustainable peatland ministry on palm oil estates so Indonesian peatland comprises about 15 million hectare or 80% of the country's 190 million hectare total land area mainly distributed in the coastal areas of Sumatra, Kalimantan and Papua peatland is very important for environmental services including water storage carbon storage and nights of peatland specific at the same time peatland is also a very important land resource for agricultural production statement infrastructural development and also mining about half of peatland is still covered by forest the land cover important for environmental services however the feed forest is under pressure of conversion for various uses about 1.7 million hectare of peatland is used for palm oil plantation other uses include rubber plantation and other agricultural uses such as fairy rice and vegetable farming however about 4 million hectare of peatland is being idle and covered by feedstrap so the feedstrap is source of CO2 emission front to fire during the long dry season and also unproductive land peatland is very vulnerable environment under the next forest cover is relatively stable and build up solely when the feed forest is clear and drain the change of anaerobic to aerobic condition escalates of CO2 emission emission also occur when peat is under fire palm oil is the most efficient and the most productive crops among oil production crops other competitors for biodesel feedstock include rap seed peanut, sunflower soybean and corn oil the productivity of those crops are only one fifth or lower than that of palm oil palm oil is very new crop that can produce for about 25 years while other crop produce in the temperature zones are mostly annual crops palm oil is among the most adaptable crop on peatland I was mentioned already that 1.7 million hectare of the total of about 12 million hectare of palm oil plantation in Indonesia is on peatland palm oil also is very efficient perennial crop that can start produce at the age of 3 years and continue the production until the age of 25 years the oil yield ring is 3 until 6 tons per hectare per year which is equivalent to 5 to 10 times the yield of most other oil production crops the harvest is very 2 weeks which provides continuous flow of income soil management is rather unintensif except for fertilization it is also the highest national source of revenue it is about US dollar 23 billion in 2007 from the previous tip of yield producer and smallholder farmers perceive that palm oil on peat is a sustainable production system and it is so far a high production system from environmental point of view there are argument that it is an unsustainable system due to the relatively high sale to emission rate and relatively fast subsidence palm oil start produce at 3 years after planting and peak of production is about 7 years after planting or the 4th yield of harvest annual fresh food brands a year is about 25 tons per hectare and this equivalent to about 5 tons of oil per year this level production will continue until the age of 20 until 25 years the mean degradation processes includes subsidence the composition and peat fire which also cause a very rapid oxidation and subsidence depending on feed trinus and water table factor of thing feed fire when feed water content is less than 117% fire can enter the peat layer when feed water content is more than about 300% fire only affect plant debris and dry vegetation when the water table less than 70 cm from surface unlike the fire penetrates the peat layer the risk of peat fire increases when water table is deeper than 70 cm restoration process must comprises at laboratory and management techniques regulatory measures that have been put in place include no use of fire raising water table depth to reduce fire risk subsidence and emission no new permit or moratorium for concession on feed land and natural forest Technological innovation include wise use of fertilizer amelioran for increasing production particularly on existing agriculture land intensification to maximise yield and thus reduce emission for unit mass or product and no burning techniques Previous studies so that idea water table depth of 50-75 cm below surface for palm oil production it seems that genetic studies should also be conducted to develop high water table adaptive varieties the main management technique for feed and include water table regulation fire control and no burning management emelioration using mineral soils and manures etc so i think that is all Terima kasih Thank you Prof. Dedy Nursamsi for your comprehensive presentation I just want to highlight as mentioned by Pak Kariansa that the main principle in feed land management is to keep the feed land wet feed land give your opportunities for development including estate crops with an appropriate treatment particularly hydrological function to keep the natural function of the feed land as you mentioned in your presentation I would like to ask you about how to consolidate information and policy among stakeholders who are actively working for restoration and sustainable feed land management for example on palm oil estate so firstly I would like to say that I strongly agree that the main factor of feed land is how to make feed land wet so that is why also in palm oil management I think the most important so the thing is how to make water table near from surfaces near from soil surface so this is when now we have regulation from president act from president regulation that we have to maintain about 40 cm from soil surface but in previous study I said already at 75 cm from soil surface it's the highest production from palm oil and also with our study the CO2 emission from that depth is about 40 until 46 ton per hectare per year and also subsisten also is about 2 until 6 cm per year so in palm oil management in plantation management I think the most thing is water table we have to maintenance in near soil surface but plants still grow well so that is why in last time I propose to Kementerian Kehutanan that let's make about 60 cm but we know already that now 40 cm according to president regulation I think it is okay and now we are studying about in relation to that what effects of 40 cm depth on CO2 emission on subsiden on also palm oil production and also economic aspect from that still going for that study so maybe next year we will release about that result our colexia particularly from also from Kementerian Ilhaka Terima kasih Thank you very much Pa Dedy Nursamsi please big applause to Pa Dedy Nursamsi visiting this speaker and participants I would like to continue with the next speaker that is Dr. Haris Gunawan he is the beauty research and development pit restoration restoration agency of BRG he will make a presentation regarding the utilization of pit ecosystem for community welfare to support pit restoration program the floor is yours Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Assalamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh good morning ladies and gentlemen thank you Thank you pa Dr. Agus for moderator and I would like to say also very happy to be here and then thank you for all of organizing committee to give BRG opportunities to introduce what our mind about the community welfare before I continue the slide I just make a clue I think 2 months ago there is no scientist say that if Indonesia can maintain 1 million hectare pit land and the pit land will be planted for the some commodity that so after that Indonesia can quite strong for the food security and then I want to introduce one of the commodity that adaptive very wet pit land condition as Pak Kali and Pak Daddy say you see that in the mind slide presentation this is Sago not oil pump it's quite similar so thank you so I hope all of you, the participant no start to understand and no about the Sago okay I would like to start my presentation title about the utilization of pit ecosystem for the community welfare next as far as we have been through pit ecosystem has gone this has been related to deforestation, fire associating with the discard discourses economic development for human welfare which might be misinterpreted therefore it is essential that we reframe what is human welfare it is essential for sustaining pit land function which is in turn will give benefit to human welfare itself next utilization pit ecosystem to support restoration require a balance between healthy pit ecosystem and community welfare it is because pit is fragile when carelessly it is easy destructed and most of the time the destruction is irreversible the destruction start from the perspective in perspective to extract as much as ecosystem services from pit ecosystem whereas term of community welfare shall not be considered as having as much as benefit from ecosystem or being greedy gather acquiring benefit from pit land while keeping maintaining the function of pit ecosystem the declining of pit ecosystem is evitable use wisely and reduce ecosystem next utilizing pit ecosystem means utilizing pit ecosystem services this figure of the relationship of human and how they use the services for their well-being this table saw ask some ecosystem services and how it related to the implementation of pit restoration the first column is about the type ecosystem services including provisioning what we can directly obtain from the ecosystem regulating what ecosystem needs to regulate its natural function cultural and supporting activities pit land are pronounced for its benefit in climate and water regulation the second column show us the strategy of pit restoration operationalism by the pit restoration agency and how the line with improving the pit ecosystem services before hand restoration strategy include 3R which is revitalization of economy revocation and reverting we can say that utilization of pit ecosystem welfare can be started with revitalization of local economy never tells all 3 restoration strategy start with particular need of particular site the third column show the implementation of the strategy of restoration and ecosystem services some example are given here from adaptive local commodity for enhancing profitability ecosystem services also to reforestation within the genus species potentially profitable but the market needs to be more depolob as well as complementary effort to rewetting such as fish production and ecotourism not to mention restoration will improve the process of soil and water to regulate the aphoromancin function next this part show us how ecosystem services can be used for the community welfare first of all we utilize the ecosystem services in scale of pit hydrochlor unit or satuan hydrology gambut meaning that the ecosystem border it with to refore or with soil or with the sea therefore it is essential to to acknowledge that utilizing pit ecosystem does not mean utilizing pit perceive fish versa this mean that managing multi layer strata if pitland this table so at the first column the management of pit ecosystem from flood land area, alluvial area towards inland shallow pitland and deep pitland and the second column the product which is can be produce or enhance for the community welfare next this slide show the mechanism of utilization pit ecosystem services first the pit restoration agency encourage to utilize pit ecosystem by fillets base priority the graph show that most fillets in pitland are most fillets in pitland is categorized as desa sanga tertinggal entertinggal and under property line this is rationally why the utilization of pit ecosystem shall be base on fillets second accommodative for landscape approach of the fillets fillets entirely inside of pit hydrology unit for including in some hydrological unit next I want to just escape this slide because about the social forest next this slide show how pit restoration agency is afforded to restore pitland in term of reverting, revigitation and revitalization of local economy an example given for a site inside of pit hydrology unit reverting was done by building canal blocking as in fact the area are reverting culture for to be implemented next never tell us the scale of intervention is raised small as pilot and the measure still require further intervention to be improved monitor and upscale this table show as some aspect to be improved next pit restoration agency is not alone on its work many parties have been working on the pit restoration assist and particularly the utilization of pit ecosystem for community welfare for instance with wetland international Indonesia program has been working on restoration on community based aircraft has develop the concept of agro forestry next so this is last slide that some people ask this is can the restoration will be implemented or can be achieve it based on this small plot we can show that after the fire attack on the pitland so we can use the this land for the restoration so restoration can be done even in the degraded pitland so the last one next conclusion pitland utilization for community welfare shall be done in balance with healthy pitland the utilization shall be aligned with pitland restoration strategy rewetting, refrigeration and revitalization of local economy the strategy has been in Indonesia and fruitful the results will be given further in interfacing to unlock major monitor and strengthen engagement with local community many parties work on the pit restoration in small scale pilot upscaling the pilot and working collaboratively is encouraged policy on bio-bicycle aspect of pit restoration shall be coupled with policy on investment or social aspect of pitland i think that's all thank you thank you Dr. Haris Gunawan for your nice presentation but Haris as regards the history of utilization in the early 20th century the utilization of Indonesian pitland mostly for subsistant agriculture and conducted through relative sustainable practices subsequently in the 1990s the Indonesian government included pitland in the transmigration program and follow logging concession in 1990s the government introduced industrial forest plantation in particular palm oil the extensive promotion of this industry has degraded almost half Indonesian pitlands which are mostly located in Sumatra and Kalimantan in our record not less than 4.5 million hectares of the private concession area since 1990 pitland how to consolidate data information among stakeholders who are actively working for utilization of pit ecosystem for community welfare to support pit restoration program thank you Dr. Agus i think Indonesia already have regulation for guide all of us the government regulation number 7.1 and then Geo 57 2016 i think all of the parties can refer this regulation and then of course we need to improve the management of the pitland based on we call the hydrological pitland unit so we know that based on the experience in the dorm pit that has the function of the hydrology should be protected if not for the future and until now we have a problem about the dry pitland so i think we need to of course communicate communication and dialogue about the achieve of the similar goal about the responsible and management sustainable management of pitland and of course i think also the research and idea for the breakthrough about how to make pitland better is very large opportunities and challenge i think the research and development should be more strong for improving this goal it is interesting if we talking about the utilization of pit ecosystem for community welfare especially to support the program Indonesia has gained extensive experience in managing tropical pit both in positive and negative terms as managing pitlands to provide livelihood for local communities as well as to conduct intensive agriculture and forestry may contradict with the protection of the environment the option includes weather to drain water in the pitland for plantation development the purpose of this was established in 1990 and basically because of two main reason one because there were the 2015 fires and Indonesia which made many inclinations which they realized that the maintenance and restoration of tropical pitlands are strictly important to achieve the international target and we must understand that pitfires are not so called anything pitfires have been used in South Asia and Russia and in Canada we have talked about tembrik and water development so the other component was the discovery of the huge big deposits in the Congo basically the breakers is unknown because we are talking about 24.000.000 hectares of land and we are talking about 30 hectare of car so as we look at the strata of the tropical pitlands as we said we can underline that both Indonesia as well as the Congo basin play critical importance in terms of where the tropical pitlands and also critical countries are critical to maintain ensure that peresports and the two communities in Greece, in the Congo and Indonesia as I said the signing of the rascal decoration in early March was that Indonesia which was Indonesia by who doctor sitting by S Indonesia Indonesia and all the ministries who provide this high level statement as well that countries see importance and maintenance of their because of USA as well in every case how do you need for walking for expression for statement orders the risk of separation whether in storing the hydropower or basically damaging the hydropower to the people will also look into fires not only those but also like Indonesia Indonesia we need to fire in case in case of peresports in most cases and not as well if Indonesia I think the fires and I think institution has been in the Vietnam which have been opened in 1920 and where a suspect of a fire that day and if you get underlines as well if you provide evidence of peresports that after peresports completed there have been no reports of fires anymore in that situation so it's in the lines that need for this is not in the lines that need for straw and scientific kind of restoration because as we said in Hong Kong and we're clearing the drain but I think it's how we do see that in Hong Kong because in Hong Kong is better but I think we need to stay cool and that requires skill in this operation between countries like Indonesia and Indonesia so it's a bit the full business in the lines as well besides fires the other side of it in the case of Kalimantan which is already affected by fire and other thing as well is there is there is a strong link between because of the cases in climate cases in bigger regions we can put which in turn increase fires so we don't need the society which is important to be invested and we don't require significant involvement in other interest in private investment but also to be decided if it's here or not thank you as you mentioned that there is a cooperation among the countries especially there is a cooperation south and triang cooperation and this it's limited sources it's a good idea if all the countries can serve our colleagues with the international partners and we hope that through the support from the UN and government and also global big debt initiative we can provide an excellent platform for scientists, policymakers and private sector to sell S20S and then lesson done among the major entropical countries in the world so we would like to know how to consolidate these resources including knowledge information among the stakeholders and then in the platform of south side of triang cooperation and also what is the support of UN government on this is the statement of an interest on top of institutions I think that this morning that is happening together for the research of working together for solving the challenges of sustainable management and restoration sustainable management of pristine pits but also restoration of degraded pits in a comprehensive way and I think that is an important role in facilitating south cooperation and I think for us as UN I think it is a critical step forward and we are fully supported with the establishment and the design and also setting up the research agendas and importantly making research available for policymakers because ultimately as being shown by the previous speakers it is important that the results are turned into action and I think in the recent years we have seen significant progress in Indonesia but we have seen about 2 or 3 decades of research on pit and now since the last couple of years we have seen a huge step forward and particularly in for example the enactment of government regulation 57, 2060 Yungto 71, 2040 on sustainable management of pits and which is actually must be fed by significant scientific insights on drainage depth, on land use planning and so on and zoning of pit management and I think these are examples which we should look at better about learning and understanding and then try to replicate these steps in other countries with significant extents of tropical pits and this of course is like the Congo Basin is one example but I think here in this region there are other examples like the Mokong Delta is an example like in a sense as well as a recent sea for research on the lines as well as pit lands in the major delta of south and south east Asia Thank you Pak Please give applause to Pak Johan Kirch Next I would like to invite the next speaker Mr. Adam Kiran from FAO he will present regarding with the experiences and policy management of pit land the floor is yours Thank you Good morning Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen Firstly, thank you for inviting me on behalf of FAO to participate in this event in Indonesia My name is Adam Gerand and I'd like to outline some of the work that we have done in FAO but also many partners have been involved in this work and some of them are in the audience so if I've neglected your name please I apologize for that but this is actually FAO works to coordinate research and advice to countries supporting countries with a range of partners so I don't have time to thank them all but please we do want to acknowledge them the organizers have kindly allowed me to have 5 minutes and 5 slides and remarks because I have some list of points with some complicated steps not so much detail it's policy, so it's words but I hope you can follow it on the slides but I include some 8 bonus slides and I hope they share the slides with you afterwards as well because they have web links and references so unfortunately I don't have time to go into the details of the restoration but my colleagues have already done that and I've been asked to talk about lessons learned on the policy experiences and the peatland management practices so I want to start with it's useful to go back to a document put together by the ASEAN peatlands management strategy for 2006 to 2020 this was done 12 years ago and probably started a couple of years before that the first version was endorsed by ministers of 10 countries in 2006 so this is quite a long time ago that peatlands were recognized as an important issue and I thought it was still useful to go back to it it was revised again in 2013 and it's still as far as I know current the strategy identifies a number of policy and institutional issues that I think we should look at again for example it talks about policy conflicts and weaknesses the weak unclear institutional arrangements and the low capacity for peatland management inappropriate land use planning right at the start has resulted in a lot of the problems that we have with peatlands these days insufficient information on the extent, status the land use and how to manage these lands sustainably was clearly identified 12 years ago and of course insufficient understanding of peatland management I'm actually pleased to say that while I put these up here again for us to think about I'm pleased to say that we have made progress particularly around the technical issues the mapping and the extent and status of peatlands is rapidly improving and I think Indonesia has done a great job on that recently we, Johan mentioned the 24 million hectares of peatland has just been so called discovered in Africa it was always there we just didn't know it, it was under the trees so we are getting better at mapping the extent of peatlands we are getting better at knowing how to manage them sustainably from the research done here in Indonesia by BRG and C4 and others but however I think that many, I think it's fair to say that many of the policy and institutional issues are still remaining or they have only recently begun to be properly addressed and they still have not been effectively resolved in many countries I am really pleased to see that Indonesia is making progress on this with the presidential decrees and the work setting up the peatlands agency to focus on this topic but I do think it's worthwhile that we continue to discuss this because we haven't resolved the institutional coordination and the policy issues effectively let me move on to some of the work that FAO has been doing in countries that have large areas of peatlands like Indonesia or the Congo the peatlands greenhouse gas emissions can form a major part of the national total so we need to be including peatlands actively in the NDC and in your greenhouse gas reporting and in response to that FAO put together a report I'm going to talk about two FAO reports and if somebody wants a bonus copy they can come and see me after one of these was on greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands and in particular when you focus on a single topic and do work on that you can come up with some fairly simple policy recommendations this report listed four simple recommendations on how to it's a short list of the best peatman management strategies we've heard them from our colleagues here so I'm really pleased that these are being picked up and referred to by countries now as being their management practices they're very simple, the four points are just conserve and protect intact peatlands if you want to protect and reduce your greenhouse gas emissions that's the first thing you should be looking at doing rewetting the drained peatlands is the next simple step it's not so simple actually but it's a step applying climate responsible peatlands management and this is the practice that we've been hearing about from other colleagues and we will hear I'm sure from Harry about how to manage peatlands more sustainably but still provide some livelihood options for people I think we need to also recognize that some places the rewetting of peatlands is not possible and those lands will continue to have drainage and they will probably continue to have emissions from that we need to look at the best ways to manage those lands where rewetting is not possible in those four steps I think Indonesia is already addressing and those challenges in the last few years it's been a dramatic change in policy and a really encouraging sign many other countries have yet to take these steps so I think as Johan said there's a lot to be said for sharing experiences on this let me look at the next issue though if we move on from thinking about peatlands just solely with the focus of climate change if we look at managing peatlands for a wider range of issues and values because it's unlikely to be driven by just one objective of climate change and every country with large areas of peatland is going to have a lot of objectives for their land so FAO has been working with other countries and with partners to learn how to better manage peatlands for a range of objectives and in the 2012 report that we put together from the MECA project which I also have a copy of here when you have more issues you have more policy guidelines this report had 10 recommendations and I'll just briefly go through them here of course we still need to identify the peat status we need to improve the assessment of the greenhouse gas which is still fairly well not very well known we need to do a better job on that conserving the management of peatlands conserving the reasonably intact peatlands preventing degradation and restoring them these management practices and principles are still there but in addition to this peatlands for multiple objectives you need to start to think about financing you need to target that financing to improve the peatland management and actually we have some good options now we have red plus as being a potential funding source to get money in the international arena to help manage peatlands because of their high carbon stores and the reducing emissions is quite possible in peatlands we also have national adaptation and mitigation actions they can be applied in policies in government to help address peatlands issues I'd really like to highlight and underline this issue of supporting local communities it's great to hear it mentioned already by other people because this is a very important issue in large areas of peatlands you have local people living there who want to make their livelihoods they need some alternative livelihood strategy because otherwise they will continue to do the practices that they used to do if they don't know any better or if they are not encouraged or given some incentive to change their practices this is very important we also have to address the issue of sometimes perverse or unwanted outcomes where we have authorities for example that might be resulting in undesirable land management outcomes we need to look at those and address those if there are issues around changing land use practices some incentives could be applied or you could put certification to take into account the greenhouse gas emissions that are coming from those products if they are grown on peatlands or if they are on mineral soils where you may have the same product produced but a much lower greenhouse gas outcome so those issues there and I think as Johan mentioned sharing countries experiences and expertise especially for capacity building among countries within countries and then across countries to learn from each other is very important my next and final slide is really on some conclusions we talked about climate policies but climate policies alone are not sufficient if other policies are working in opposition to what you're trying to do with your climate objectives you need to have a harmonized approach across the different sectors to get the real outcomes you want this is complicated where you have different ministries responsible but it's a major need we also need to be supporting communities as I said there are sustainable livelihood options on peatlands polluter culture that is using peatlands in a less intensive, more sustainable way while they are wet and keeping them wet is really important but also enabling the communities to produce food and to do a livelihood maybe some income generation we were talking about non-wood forest products fish ponds all those things I think ducks could be a good idea I've heard about that maybe not in the same pond with the fish but I don't know it's a really interesting idea and I think we still need to address this major challenge of institutional coordination and capacity that is still a major need in almost every country Indonesia is not unique you have many institutions here some countries are not so big or complicated as Indonesia it's still an issue in almost every country and lessons learned from that are really useful so I actually was a little provocative and I hope you don't mind if I provoke you and start to think about an outcome from this workshop or this conference by suggesting a possible recommendation it's a little bit too wordy because I'm a research kind of person not a policymaker, too many words but I was suggesting that perhaps we should be thinking and policies should be evidence based they should include land suitability societal cost benefits and they should be supported by harmonized socioeconomic policies through coordinated institutions I heard from many of our speakers that Indonesia is grappling with this and making good progress I wish you well with that those efforts and I hope you've got some very good results to share with other countries I'd like to finish by saying there are many promising approaches and measures being taken by some countries and I'm pleased to really congratulate Indonesia for the work being done by the Peatlands Restore Agency by the Ministry of Forestry and Agriculture on improving land management on Peatlands I'm really pleased with that and I hope we can apply those good approaches scale them up and also transfer them to other countries this will require political will it will require funding it will require capacity development it never goes away capacity development it's a continual challenge to always improve so don't think you can do capacity development once and then stop it's an ongoing process FAO is already working with most countries in the region and we stand ready to support countries continuing to expand the work on this I think there's really good work to find how that's been exchanged with Africa and finally I look forward to the discussions and the constructive results and hopefully some positive outcomes from this Asia Pacific rain for a summit thank you very much thank you Adam for very informative presentations as you know that many countries has experiences on developing policies for managing peatlands properly some policies that if impacts of unsustainable use of peatland is actually an important lesson for other countries with similar situations this will be so much relevant to other countries as well my question is what lesson learn and policy experience on the sustainable peatland management practices among the countries sorry could you just repeat what is lesson learn and policy experience for sustainable peatland management practices among the countries as you mentioned I think the policy and the policy experiences are relatively immature for sustainable management of peatlands globally I think many countries are struggling with this there are very few countries even in Europe I think most of the scientists working in Europe would say that much of the peatland that is managed for agricultural production historically has not been sustainable the peatlands even in the Netherlands they are going down they are being degraded and slowly subsiding this is an issue not just of developing countries it's a major challenge for many countries however there are some promising signs and I think the work being done here in Indonesia is equal up there with the world the Scandinavian countries recognized a long time ago that draining their peatlands was not going to sort of be a sustainable solution they actually have a lot of forestry on peatlands and they do low intensity forestry much lower intensity because of their recognition that they need to manage them more sustainably I think these lessons are still and really sharing experiences about countries there are very few success stories but when we get them and I hope Indonesia is going to be one of those and that you continue to promote that approach and continue to share your results because many other countries are at the early stages of working out how to manage their peatlands Africa certainly when they came to the global peatlands initiative meeting last year Indonesia and Jakarta they were very pleased to learn from the Indonesian experience and it was excellent that the minister herself minister Siti went to the Congo recently with a big delegation from Indonesia and started to share that experience most countries are still relatively at the early stage Europe should have learned how to do it now by a long time but they still have problems and I think Latin America is also still at the stages they mostly have Alpine peat but some in the forest areas they also have lessons to learn as well so it's at the early stages I think in most countries, thanks Thank you Adam Please give applause to Adam Jiran For the next speaker I would like to invite Professor Dr. Harry Purnomo from CIFOR He will present about the social characteristic of communities around peatlands in support of sustainable management of peat ecosystem The floor is yours Thank you Bagus Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Good morning everyone I'm Harry Purnomo scientist at CIFOR as well as professor at the Bogorah Agricultural University Next please I have 4 key messages that I would like to deliver in this opportunity first around the political and economical interest of actors it's very very important to understand the interest of actors the large corporation the elite the government the international community those actor influence provide effect to the fire prevention as well as the peatland restoration need to understand they have a power and sometimes they have money to influence the second one is I can be quite provocative also as well as you Gerard Yesterday Ambassador of Norway mentioned that agriculture around the globe is a driver of deforestation including of course soybean and Brazil as well as wild palm in Indonesia and the third one is around the land use contestation on the ground the dynamic on the ground who own the land on the ground at the village level there's a lot of illegal land transaction there that influence the fire influence the peatland restoration we need to understand that on the ground what happen there who are the actors who are the communities there otherwise we just talking paper and paper we need to understand the power dynamics on the ground and the last one I'm going to share the business model what we need to have the business model to ensure fire is prevented and peatland is restored business model and who is going to invest on the ground so I'm going one by one next please wow this is fire in 2015 I took with my own camera so in Bengalis we had a paharis destroy the land as well as forest and we do our best not to allow this kind of fire happens again in the future next please this is the politics you see the five ministers last December Ibu Puan Maharani, Pak Viranto Pak Darmin Nasrution Ibu Siti Nurbaya as well as Menteri Pertanian Minister of Agriculture Pak Ambrad to talk about preventing fire launching the grand strategy to prevent fire so it's very to me the government is committed seems at least the minister the five minister came together to the launching of grand strategy as well as I look at the commitment of the private sectors we know that the APP have the APA April have the fire free village program and others the oil palm companies they have a kind of commitment but need to prove on the ground and small holders we need also to understand the small holders who really because in my study there is a good fenomena to understand that we talk about oil palm if we understand the small holder oil palm that the indigenous community mostly have a very small oil palm and the APL and non forest zone non forest area the indigenous people less than 2 hectare but those who have more than 10 hectare in the forest area actually not the indigenous people but more the migrant migrant coming from from other provinces they need to understand to the constellation of the grant who actually the small holder also next please landscape transition I just stop here we need to understand this to understand how the landscape around the globe transform from forest to agriculture it is true in Indonesia it is true in Brazil so how to be wise with this figure transforming from the forest to agriculture and sometimes drew fire next please again this is the figure of actually it is a protected forest in Rio Paris so I took with my own camera there when the bulldozer actually bulldozing the protected forest and planted again will palm this is the we did a commitment actually from the government from the Ministry of Environment Minister of Agriculture and also I need to draw attention the role of elites at the local level there are many many local elites I just came back from Rio actually just for this ago and they offered me get land to sell but are you interested to buy land here land with oil pump for 4 hectares 100 million hectare with oil pump and also land without oil pump this is to me land transaction on the ground next the second one is are we talking about soybean oil pump as driver of a deforestation it is true in Indonesia and you see how much money I stand up to generate from oil pump we export less 23 billion USD it is almost twice the export coming from wood pump including a pop and paper furniture construction but in the expanse of the deforestation here so see from the study of Gunnarso I quoted where the land coming from first coming from the primary forest and secondary forest the second one is from shrubs and the last one is from other conversion including a bare land and agriculture land so as you see this there are some oil pump is good nothing wrong with them do not convert at all the forest area but some actually coming from primary forest as well as secondary forest so we need to work how to resolve this this is simulation business as usual but I have a lot of policy recommendation but to overcome this to make sure that oil pump can go together with the forest conservation this to me like the overall goal the landscape approach how the agriculture development come hand in hand with the forest conservation and see this is the emission of CO2 to the atmosphere why the coming flood because according to several study the maximum land for oil pump Indonesia suitable is around 44 million hectare Indonesia we need to check again but this is the publication I have so again oil pump is alleviating poverty 21% of oil pump is on pit land oil pump is alleviating poverty generating lot of income to the government, to the people but we need to again how to reduce the case of deforestation is managing trade off landscape approach and I disagree with EU boycott it's not good so boycotting the commodity is totally bad there are some good practices of oil pump and also bad practices the good practices need to allow to enter to the whole world market but the bad practices we need to improve that's why we have ISPU RSPU and ICC this is the again the contestation, land use contestation as a lot of elite working on the ground to convert the forest the pit land to agriculture commodity rubber to oil pump to pineapple and others to sweet corn and others so as again there is indigenous people, there are migrants as well as a lot of illegal land transaction that's why I concern with the low budget ministry of environment forestry not much 7 trillion 426 million hektare it's small you need to ask more money otherwise you cannot secure your territory and we need to speed up, I agree with parwanda the one bad policy muratorium social forestry we need to speed up agrarian reform agrarian reform oil pump cannot be converted back to the forest and owned by indigenous people just let it go just be the oil pump because now we are in this situation the government lose because they cannot get a tax from the oil pump particularly the small hood and the small hood also in the loose situation because they often not to do a good practices of oil pump because they are not certain whether the government will take away the land so they don't use a good seedlings they don't do good fertilizers they don't maintain a lot they don't supply the productivities around 10 ton per hectare much less the ideal productivity of a oil pump next please this is a picture that I took 4 days ago people still using fire 4 days ago parawals still using fire but I congratulate a lot to the parawals team because Indonesia has reduced fire 16 460,000 hectare 260,000 hectare with more or less the same weather situation the same precipitation it means that it did not depend on the weather but depend on the effort of all parties including government but some still using fire to fertilize the land that's why next next please it is very important to develop the business model for community who is going to invest actually there is a lot of investment if you use fire then only 20 mil 20 dollar per hectare but if you don't use fire you need 500 dollar or even more than that so we need to understand that again business model is about the organizational design and value creation how to create value from the pitland on farm of farm paris maintenance rubber jelutung pineapple dragon fruit fish agroforestry of farm is very important jagung but it's not for the weather pit but jagung and playlawan is quite good the small industry and again the government need to invest the corporation we need to ally with a large corporation to invest on the community with a pit restoration otherwise who's money and also I don't know from CPO fund can they invest their money to pit restoration and from individual next please again my message there are four first understanding the political economy the interest of people in Jakarta as well as in provincial as well as in New York and Paris and the second one is understanding the agriculture that we need agriculture we need agriculture I mentioned that forest need well palm well palm need forest well palm without the forest will be disappear gone no water, no pollination no food other food but the forest need well palm for sending people their kid to school for creating job they need well palm how to work together and the third one is contestation on the ground the mostly illegal who who's going to go there to to control contestation is uncontrolled if you go there just they can offer you land and the last one is a business model the organizational design and fabrication for history sustainable livelihood need to invest and exist need to exist exist is important for role model that's why with paharis we work together try to have a case on the ground for thank you thank you for sharing for messages yes, we know that promoting traditional practices is a part of restoration of bit land and coherently to to to reduce deforestation and beat the tradition while promoting social forestry program is promoted is a part of the part of on bit land management under Parsi participatory villages you know that forest and bit land is important element of NDCs in Indonesia it covers 17% of 29% of emission reduction up to 2030 in business as usual basis i would like to know how the the methodological improvement in the green house gases emission wow this is a good question we've been we've been working for 5 years to develop the methodological things to measure the emission but to me like developing methodological is one thing but measuring is another thing and what we need rather than continue debating on methodology show me a case, a number are we going better today compared to last year in term of total emission in Indonesia are we going to be better or worse so what we need from the people actually the score i don't the SBY the president you know in 2009 actually made a commitment already 9 years but same as public doesn't really know are we successful to reduce the emission regardless so many methodological issue but to me like implementing it measuring it carbon emission and showing to the public so are we better today compared to 9 years ago or are we going to be even worse today that's provide the spirit of people this is one thing, the second thing is buyer commitment the the carbon credit I read the ecosystem marketplace that more than 90% of red plus credit around the globe nobody buy the carbon credit so again to me like we have been debating 5 years to talk about the methodology but we need to move forward showing to the public that we have reduced or we haven't reduced the third one is a buyer commitment that's why I challenge the gap key can you buyer carbon credit because a lot in Indonesia is producing carbon credit and to me carbon credit is buyer driven if buyers there producer will be if there is no buyer there will be no producer so again I know that the red plus reducing carbon not becoming policy but originally it is a market instrument but again we are at the international level actually it's not very successful to create a strong buyers strong buyers real money money when the Norway committed 1 billion US dollar take that money put it at the third party so make sure that money is there because to be at this buyer if the buyer exist then the producer will produce carbon credit will conserve so at other waters economic money matters to the conservation thank you please give applause to ladies and gentlemen I would like to invite comments, questions and also input from the audience please notify yourself 1 2 3 silakan Pak Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Good morning I'm Chut Johan from Universitas Gajahmada I think all presenter give very interesting talk but I have a question about the water depth in the pit lane you said I think Bapak Daddy said that 50 centimeter water depth for the palm oil what does it mean it mean will be 50 centimeter the pit will dry so say 2 will increase okay so I'm agree that we have to keep the pit lane is wet that's very important hydrological unit in wetland is very important the heart of the sustainable wetland depend on the hydrological unit I have also a question about the sagu I think sagu is important it also can be food stable but sagu I think they need special pH so the pit water in the wetland is the pH around below form it's sometime is acid water so do you think the sagu can grow will product very good and healthy sagu so I also agree that surrounding of the wetland there is people very poor so how many they are we have 7 million kilometer palm oil so why we always say that the property around the wetland the pitland but how many, how wide we already change this tropical pitland and tropical rainforest become the palm oil I agree that we have to have palm oil but we lost a lot of the tropical biodiversity so pitland is important for tropical rainforest because there is always big pitland tropical next to the tropical rainforest so I agree that we have to increase the property but how many people and how wide I think enough it's enough I agree that with the moratorium so the moratorium if I don't mistake it's for the primary forest so where is our primary forest all the forest law offer forest so I don't understand that why so I agree why we didn't planted natural pitland tree with high economic value such as Jelutong Ramin I think there is like 4 others but it takes time 5 years from the natural tree to grow we harvest with harvest we use wisely we protect and we sustain but it need time 5 years that seedling of that those trees can grow so it mean why we didn't create job for this property for these poor people for 5 years harvest with sustainable harvest I think it's very simple government have to to create job for this poor people for 5 years and then they will harvest and it's very expensive wood Ramin is equal to thick wood so I think that my opinion thank you very much thank you next Faisal thank you very much I have 3 please identify yourself Faisal Parish Global Environment Centre from Malaysia I have 3 questions Pak Kalyansha you described about the process with rehabilitation and very good progress made with private sector for the community relatively a slow progress so in your view how do we scale up effectively the support to the local community and how to finance it secondly Pak Rwanda you gave some information and update on the one map can you just clarify now with the new concept of peatland hydrological units also included in the framework of the one map and also with the new regulation and the SK 129 and the 130 which are looking at the conservation zone are those also integrated into the maps and finally on that I understand recently there was an Indonesia peat prize which came up with a new methodology for the peatland mapping and moving forward you said there is another one year to finish off the mapping on the one map will that new methodology be used in that period to finalize or update peatland area third question you mentioned that there has been a study on the benefit and impacts of the higher water table in the oil palm areas you said the full result will be next year but are there any interim result you can share on that and secondly I personally am involved working with the RSPO which has in 2012 developed a manual on best management practices for peatland oil palm cultivation on peatland and restoration and management of forests associated with oil palm cultivation we're in the process of updating that manual i think that the very good and experience from Indonesia in the last five years would be extremely useful so how can RSPO better engage your work with the relevant ministries in Indonesia to seek the input and the good practice information for the updating of the RSPO manual thank you thank you Pak thank you thank you my name is Gusti Ansari from Tenyupura University in West Kalimantan and also as an expert for BRG thank you very much Pak Harry Pernama clearly illustrate that this market driven to make land uses so from local people until the top so so also here we're looking at why like this because maybe people need to have pretty clear a good market like oil palm, that's why they they would like to plant oil palm follow the facts from global until the finish level of course we have so many options to develop commodities on pit land but it's not that simple so we need to develop a good market system for this and this is the problem in Indonesia we have a very strong pit land policy but we still may be lacking option-option how to develop our pit land and then we are so also in collaborating or collaborative management and then the last one maybe we are still poor how to control our pit land after we make our after we allocate the uses of pit land and then we are maybe neglected after all so there are three point we need a good option and we need good collaborating and then we need to have a good control thank you very much thank you Pak Kriste Ansari so I would like to invite the speakers to respond the question and also give a closing statement start from Pak Rwanda thank you there are two question related with my presentation the first from Ibu from UKM berapa banyak how much the primary forest less in Indonesia so now we have to 126 forest area and from that 90 million is a forest covered and 40 million hectare is a primary forest so the secondary forest is about 45 million hectare so we still have many primary forest from 40 million hectare 9 million hectare is within in the moratorium map so will not be convert to others cover so we sure this instructional instruction 9 million hectare will be stay in primary pitland area so the second question from Malaysia about the one map for pitland so pitland map is responsible for ministry of agriculture so the custodian is ministry of agriculture who made the updating of the pitland map is ministry of agriculture so the regulation from ministry of environment and forestry to update this map is depend on the updating of the pitland from the ministry of agriculture and you are saying about the pit price methodology so the guys who win the price behind you so the penodology will be adopt by B.I.G to make a national standard Indonesian national standard pitland mapping five winner will be accommodate to become national standard so now B.I.G is working on developing the national standard so hopefully within one year the standard will be finished so for the updating the pitland mapping unfortunately we cannot finish in this year so maybe national standard we can make a good map of pitland in Indonesia that's what I can answer your question next thank you Bagus thank you Pak Paris talking about the respon of local communities as I mentioned before we get very positive respon business sector untill now we got about more than 120 restoration plan document that submitted by them and we have already approved 88 companies the problem that we have basis from local communities but based on the regulation number one of 2016 concerning pit restoration authority the responsible for enhance local community in the 7 provinces in B.I.G so that we have just responsible for the outside of 7 provinces let's say Aceh, Sumatra West Sumatra Selawasi something like that so I think Pak Haris can give a real data from the local communities, thank you terima kasih firstly ibu dari UGM 50-70 cm so in our previous study it was very ideal for palm oil crops because maximum heat in that deep but it did not mean that from 50 cm to soil surface was dry not meaning that because our teacher say that we have to maintain capillary water capillary so although water deep about 50-70 cm if still help capillary is not problem because soil surface is still wet and risk of fire also is very low if we have water content in that soil so high jadi demikianbu and the second one about wet condition i said again that i strongly agree to Pak Dirjen we have to maintain pit soil in wet condition but of course from agriculture we have to propose not only wet condition but plant still grow well let's keep going so that is why we have to consider that bot aspect plant growth and water deep and about sago of course we strongly agree sago is the best one for pitland area because that part is very tolerance to water condition to fluid condition to pH to low pH but also we have to consider that in our study we had compare between some communities of economical aspect of some communities include sago pomoil gelutung and our study indicated that the highest one in economical aspect so that is why many population many company still grow pomoil because high economical aspect compare to other communities but i discuss already with paharis also that we have also consider the downstream of sago the quality of sago is very good compare to very in terms of gezi but in paharis aspect it's still limited so the value added of economical aspect in the percent is very high so we have to consider innovation technology for post harvest of sago if population or company had a lot of money from that sago i think all of population all of company will select sago not pomoil and the other thing about ya in our study also in our group book we concluded that sago is tolerant too and also tolerant to acid soil so i think no problem acid until 4.0 is still okay because sago is very adaptive in lowland area and then parisia the progress of our study so now of course we still collecting data still collecting data so we selected some location for our research and also we have collaboration research with some pomoil company like astra aglorestari and also smart so we selected our research our location in their location and then of course we did consider also pitland depth so we have to put our measurement in each of depth ya from shallow until deep pitsoil and then also we set up some tools like hobo for monitoring for monitoring so we level and also we set up our s in that area to collect climate data ya of course periodically we measure also greenhouse cases emission from that ya so maybe in every six month ya we have to collect also yield production from that company so i think next year next year paris we will can discuss about it more deeply about RSPO so my colleagues ya from ministry agriculture of course ya still in process to update our RSPO manual so i'm sorry i'm not sure about that progress because my colleagues ya is doing that manual saya kira itu pak terima kasih next pa haris thank you pa agus baba ibu ladies and gentlemen i would like to before i make i respond about Professor Johan i would like to also introduce that Professor Johan is my lecture when i took the undergraduate in Geja Mada i want to ask you to give applause for her i think if we talk about the pit swam ecosystem the basic concept should be understanding that how do we minimize the intervention to this ecosystem so because we already have 20 years to decade of the experience if we push this ecosystem so after that we will invite the disaster especially i think this is the start point for all of us to move to the new direction about this ecosystem especially to understanding i got the study from the Geja Mada University also i'm not make a afraid about this based on this study in during 20 years the rainfall right now getting decreasing because the perhaps for the climate change as we know that pit land ecosystem consist of almost 90% of water so if the climate change continue so we just to rely on this ecosystem for the tropical rainforest or tropical region so why we have to understanding about the ecosystem services for the ecosystem for no end of future that the one concept that we would like to make deal if we honestly love for this ecosystem and the second i want to clarify about the Sago when the form our study the Sago we can clarify 3 5 1 if we can reach optimum productivity of course they should be planted or should be grow on the ecoton zone press water and then seawater and the pit just silo pit the people the community people we call the gambut gambut manis as like that sweet sweet pit silo very silo pit the productivity we can push to get good and the second the type of the Sago we say that moderate productivity so just middle of the pit depth and then still also get the like pasang surut area and the very low in the very deep pit we call the low productivity but Sago still grow and then for the future should be understanding and should be promote to the mix crop with the other local species of the pitstorm forest so they can grow together so that's the ideal of the Sago I agree that professor Johan say that creating job for the community is very also interesting and how many like no poor I think also should be discuss father about the criteria of the property of the poor people on the community because if we go to the local community they are happy live on the natural pitstorm but if we move to the other fillet that the fillet from the outsider they say no I should be use this something like that so we need to further discussion about it I think that's all pa next pa Johan closing statement I would like to stress one thing this is important to understand we talk about in significant challenge bike in Indonesia or in the Congo we talk about in Indonesia about how much Peter 15-25 million we talk about 10-15% of the total landmass if you are a development planner and you've been asked to set aside 15% of the total landmass in your lowlands which of course then you create a significant challenge and honestly we have no other choice if you don't set aside pitland if you don't consume pitland the alternative is losing pitland which you ultimately make that if you have some future foresight if you want to have prime beach property because those cities might be on the coast between 25-30 years from now and this means as well that we need to act and it means we need to innovate and I agree with lots of things but we need to look particularly at the employment side of things alternative for the people who are living in these areas because we have to be clear if you raise a water table be it in the Netherlands be it in Indonesia, be it in the Congo you will reduce your suitability for many crops of your land which means you have to develop alternative livelihood options I think to me that's clear which means that we have to invest particularly in alternative development options for these areas and this means often meant by a wider lowland development I think probably is the way to go but it will create of course significant impacts economically and since no way out and even in the Netherlands if you look there for example at dairy farming if you bring up the air if you bring up the water table in the Netherlands if you want to stop any subsidence then basically you have to stop producing cowder cheese that's reality and I think we need to be creative and that's why this international cooperation particularly in the subject is so important because otherwise it will be difficult to see if significant progress in the future and that means if that's not the case then ultimately we end up in a place which is much hotter than it is now okay thank you next by Adam firstly thanks to all the speakers I think they've covered a lot of points in closing I think I just want to reiterate a couple of things I've heard from everybody else if I can I think we've heard that the management of peatlands is very complex and challenging it will take a lot of effort it will take money and it will take coordination between all of us and all of the agencies globally they're small likely they haven't been given much attention with climate change particularly there's been a realization that we need to do more because they are so prominent and important so countries like Indonesia have an international responsibility and I think also an international opportunity to prove some good practices here and as Harry and several speakers have said we've got tradeoffs distribution between the different land uses we've learnt a lot about how to do things we've come a long way especially in the past couple of years on policies and on mapping and on technical knowledge of how to manage peatlands or how not to manage them so we know how to do better from our negative policies and practices in the past but we still have a long way to go especially on developing the sustainable land use policies agriculture is a nice concept but we do not have very many practical working examples on large scale so we need to do research on that this is really important to give local people livelihoods so they know how to use this land in a sustainable way but can still continue living there they do not in many cases have other options of places to go so they need some help I think we need to also have better tools to help decision makers and land managers on the allocation of land at the national licensing level the moratoriums are good but then what do you do with this land how do you allocate it for another land use what are you going to do with it this is the national policy issue and a provincial government issue there needs to be better tools and understanding of these things at the moment we still have a bit of a vacuum a big gap and what is the best practices on these different kinds of land that's why I talked about land use sustainability and the allocation process in my concluding slides and I think we need to help the decision makers and right down to the local communities what their land management practices should be based on science and based on what we do know from good and bad practices in the past I really encourage Indonesia to continue this work the recent good work particularly and to advance this work on pitlands publish it, share the results with other countries because you are really leading the way in many of these big challenging issues and many countries are watching what you are doing and with respect and I think you have a good opportunity here acknowledging the past poor practices is one thing but you cannot change history you need to move on and go forward positively and I'm really pleased about that and at the FAO side we stand ready to help and I wish you well with this really important work thank you I would like to address the last question that speaks to me I agree we need the options collaboration control but to me option is there but who is going to try that option who is going to invest whether Sago whether Jilutung whether pineapple they need kind of investment there's a lot of investment so we need to figure out now who is going to invest also the persistency of the who is going to try to me this is option if you do it, it's not necessary you will succeed in the first try you need the second, third, fourth fifth try that's a lot of cost who bear the cost of this pitline restoration I recall again the budget coming from the Ministry of Forestry is 5 dollar per hectare per year only 5 dollar per hectare per year it's not much so you need to ask more money to the government in order to keep the forest being forest the second one is collaboration who is going to collaborate it's also important are we going to ask the large corporation to collaborate to maintain the pitline they have money or are we going to ask the government the donors it's important to understand if we collaborate who actually bring the resources whether the community to miss share the human resources but not much capital available there particularly in term of money there and my last statement actually we talk a lot about pitline restoration to me good also to understand the contest between the different actors who to influence what happen on the ground and try to influence those actors try to influence the large corporation try to influence community try to influence government to make a better world and again i like to encourage the government to have scoreboard of the CO2 emission to make sure that our emission today is better than 9 years ago otherwise it's quite difficult to know whether we are in the right direction or we are even worse i heard that the information is there but not available to public i don't know but this my encouraging we need to scoreboard and feeling sense of successfully otherwise it's criticized by a lot of people thank you thank you it's very interesting discussion so i would like to summarize this session pitline management has a lot meaning for us in terms of biodiversity climate change, livelihood it is use us to have reasonable to protect and manage the pitline government cannot alone to manage the pitline but there is a need contribution from other stakeholders indeed pitline is very important natural resources proper pitline management top priority of the Indonesian government the government has carry out long term program on pitline rehabilitation however it is not sufficient it should be supported by other parties of stakeholders such as other sectors local government, corporate academicians, NGOs researcher and practitioners in order to accelerate the target of pitline restoration the ground and policy interventions will be based on the scientific evidences many destruction takes a decade to restore the historic 2015 fire in Indonesia will be monumental as a world's archive it could serve as a basis for developing technical social institutional approaches to forest land fire management we hope we can learn a lot from this forum and sharing our experiences I'm sure with strong commitment from all of us we could make a better planet I also trust that from this session we will bring home highly useful insights related to pitline management by that I would like to close this session, please big applause to all of us, thank you very much for all the speakers