 In this learning dialogue, we will talk about data visualization, which data visualization technique should I use for this particular RQ . In fact, there is no clear guideline to use certain visualization technique for this RQ or some other RQ . It depends on the RQ you choose and you can decide which visualization gives a more information and makes a easy appeal to the stakeholders . There is no clear guideline to do that . Above from research conducted to analyze which but type of chart is better preferred by the users which chart has a less cognitive load or which chart gives more insights into the data . There are few bullet points I reported here that the one is bar charts are preferable compared to pie charts in general . But there are some places where pie charts is really useful, there are some places where bar chart is really useful . We look at an example for that . In other places bar chart with values or interactive charts like you can over the mouse there then you get get the value is more preferred or gets a more insights to the users compared to the plain bar charts . And there is other research found that 3D charts have no significant impact compared to the normal chart . So, we know need to do much of 3D things instead it has some meaning to it . The 3D charts they compared is the 3D chart in the excel sheet . It is not the latest 3D trends . Let us look at this data . So, this data is simply showing the past percentage or performance in exam for last 4 years from 2016 to 2019 . You see that in a bar chart it is clear that in 2016 students performed 78 in 2017 65 percentage in 2018 it is more like 89 percent of students passed the exam and in this year 2019 is bit less . When you look at this data in a pie chart it looks like this we cannot make it what is this data represents because pie chart represents the percentage of value in the whole it is not representing the values over the period of time . So, when you represent a data over a period of time do not use pie chart please use bar chart . However, when you look at this example where number of participants participated in a survey you conducted or number of participants used the app you created . So, if you look at the number of participants participated in the game or survey you conducted the age less than 10 is only 2 participants if the age is 10 to 20 there are 31 participants and similarly for the other age group . In this categorical variable bar chart gives a very good data also the pie chart gives the similar meaningful data for example, you can see that the red color gives a more ah appeal saying that the red color is more appeared compared to the other color which is number of participants in the age of 10 to 20 is more compared to other colors. So, direct appeal it looks more over the bar chart gives all the data you wanted . So, you can represent in both bar chart and pie chart based on the your choice this in this example I like to show that bar chart on pie chart both can be used when use the categorical variable and it represents the number from the overall participants value you have seen the data visualization right what you think is a key benefit of data visualization for learners teachers and researchers why do you think this data visualization is important for learners and teachers and researchers please write down your answers you can pass this video when you do this task after completing this task you can resume to continue. The key benefit for learners is learners for to understand the performance from the data by looking at the visualization and impact on the reactions on a specific task for example, if you want to show the learner you have done very well in last five questions and you are not able you are not doing good in this question learners will feel that ok I am doing good, but this question might be I am having trouble. So, they know that someone is actually looking at me and as I think that I am doing good or you can show bar graph of learners performance over the period of time a learners things that I achieved 80 percent of the task I come out to complete I have only 20 percent left. So, learner will able to perform better. So, learner will understand the current performance by looking at the visualization also if you give the data saying that you are spent 8 minutes on this particular task and you are able to complete this task and other whereas, another task you spend only 2 minutes reading you are not able to do it the learner will understand the importance of leading and spending more time on particular resources in order to complete the task. However, this data should be shown post the learning environment post the process not doing the process we do not want to intervene the learner when they are doing the work when they are interacting with the system. For teachers it is very important it is like abstractive of performance and interactions in the class the students are working on a particular learning environment a teacher want to know how many students are able to solve the someone how many students are able to solve the problem 2 how many students were solved to solve the problem 3. So, they want to get the overall abstract view once a student understand that problem 3 is not answered by many of the learners then she can go and look further which learners did not able to answer. Then the teacher can go and talk to those students and understand what is the problem. So, for teachers we need to provide the abstract view of the performance and interactions in the class and also a individual view individual data of the each student. So, the teacher can introspect and do intervention. For researchers data visualization is very important because it is where the researchers trying to discover the patterns trying to understand what happened in particular learning environment what happened in this course is there any valuable research question can come out of this particular data. We are looking at the data patterns looking at the data visualization researchers can say this might have a correlation this might have a relation between these two data. So, I can start with such question saying that is there a correlation between number of faculty ratio versus performance is there a correlation between a student who takes a tuition class versus students is not taking tuition classes. So, these kind of research questions comes from the data visualization. So, researchers collect insights and also communicate these things to the other stakeholders.