 This study found that beta-carotene, derived from palm oil mill effluent, can be used to treat diabetic retinopathy. It reduces the effects of diabetes on the retina, including decreased spatial frequency threshold, increased reaching time in the visual cue platform, lowered retinal GSH and catalase activity levels, and elevated to bars levels. These results suggest that beta-carotene may have potential as a treatment for diabetic retinopathy. This article was authored by Yamuna Paramaswaran, a Swin Prakash Subramanian, Nalyapillai Paramakrishnan, and others.