 Hi friends welcome to my channel, I am Arpita Kharwa and in this video we are going to begin with unit 2 research aptitude of UGC net paper 1 as per the new syllabus. So I have already made a couple of videos about research aptitude but that was as per the old syllabus. Now there have been slight changes in the new syllabus so I thought of making a complete video series where we look at each and every topic that has been included in UGC net paper 1 research aptitude and I explain that to you one by one. So first I would like you to look at the screen and see the new syllabus course of unit 2 research aptitude because as it is said that you know before you hit your enemy it is very important to know your enemy well. So know the syllabus first before we jump directly into solving the questions. Apart from that I would also like to tell you before we begin this unit that if you look at research aptitude you must wonder that why are they teaching us in UGC net paper 1. But let me tell you friends that UGC net paper 1 is given by two kinds of people number one who want to become research scholars want to pursue their PhD or who want to become assistant professor in any university or college. Now if you want to do research then this unit is extremely important because this is going to be the base of your PhD. So in all the pre-PhD workshops whatever the guides are going to talk about is actually a part of this unit too and if in case you don't want to do PhD you want to become an assistant professor for you too this is very important because it is only through research that you can know about the latest development in your subject. So make sure you don't take this unit as something that you just need to do in order to pass this exam. This is going to be really interesting series of videos that we are going to cover. Last month we covered teaching aptitude in detail and in this month I am going to take you through research methodology in a series of videos. So let's get started. Let us begin by looking at the word research. What do you mean by research? If you break this word research into two parts you will find that there are two words re and search. Re means again and search means looking for new information when you are searching when you are examining something very closely. So when you combine these words again you will find that research means to study something in detail or when you are trying to search some new information. Now in any guide book that you pick up for your research aptitude you will find some really complex definitions on research. I would request you not to focus so much on these definitions because questions are not asked from definitions. They are just going to test how well you know what research is. For example I have displayed a question on screen which shows your understanding of research if you can answer it correctly. So if you look at the four options you will find that option number C is incorrect why because research should never be molded according to popular belief. If the popular belief says that women are mad and you are doing a research on how intelligent women are and you just you know tamper your findings in order to substantiate what the popular belief says and you also conclude after your research that women are mad then in that case you are not doing research you are just trying to manipulate information. So these are kinds of questions that you are going to find in the exam papers so never mug up the definition just understand what research means aptitude I have already explained in detail when I was talking about teaching aptitude in the previous videos aptitude basically means your knowledge ok. So research means when you are trying to look for new information and when you have substantial knowledge about how research is conducted that means you have a research aptitude. So now that we have understood what is research let us now look at some important types of research. So in this particular section I am going to look at four major types of research there are a variety of other research methods also like applied research, historic research but that is going to become really lengthy I am going to take up four research types so that you can understand how you would be looking at all these research type and how you have to study. So the first one is quantitative research now quantitative research in itself says that it focuses on quantity how many so if I am doing a research on a group of students for example let us take 100 students now if I am doing a research to find out how many students out of these 100 are overweight. So the number suppose the number comes to be 25 students are overweight so this is my research finding 25 is the number of students who are overweight and this is what I conclude after my research that out of 100 students 25 students were overweight and we can generalize it by saying that one fourth of the students living or studying in India are overweight based on the sample size that we have taken as 100. If you are not aware of what sample sizes don't worry in the subsequent videos I am going to explain each and every term and if in case you don't understand anything that I am explaining put that in the comment section below so that I know how to you know go to that topic again and re-explain it from a different perspective. So quantitative research focuses on quantity or how many so the research is done in order to find out the numbers on the other hand we have qualitative research qualitative research focuses on quality and tries to answer why something is happening so quantitative research tells us numbers how many qualitative research on the other hand says why this number was there for example taking the previous example of 100 students so all these 100 students were examined were researched and out of that we concluded at 25 of them are overweight. Now in case I do a qualitative research I am going to look at these 25 students and see why are they overweight is it because of some genetic factor is it because of some disease like thyroid or sugar or diabetes is it because of unhealthy eating habits or is it because of lack of exercise now when I try to answer why 25 students are overweight that is known as qualitative research so I hope I made it very clear quantitative and qualitative another kind of research is deductive research now if you have heard of the great philosopher Aristotle I am pretty sure you must have heard about how Socrates Aristotle's you can say mentor or teacher was trying to you know give answers to certain uncommon phenomenons in the world so he used deductive method so deductive method basically says that you have a generalization and then you look at these generalization and try to come to a specific conclusion we all know that all the planets rotate around the sun so we know that right so all planets rotate around the sun if I give you the statement and I tell you that a new planet was added in solar system with the name Virgo now Virgo is the new planet and you need to tell me something about Virgo you need to research on Virgo so on the basis of the fact that you already know that all the planets rotate around the sun you would conclude that Virgo is a planet and therefore Virgo also rotates or revolves around the sun so this particular kind of research is known as deductive research where you have a generalization and then you try to come to a specific conclusion on the other hand we have inductive research that was commonly used by Sherlock Holmes a very very important fictional character devised by Sir author Cornel Doyle so if you have not watched the Sherlock Holmes series on Netflix guys I'm telling you put the copies your books your net syllabus aside and just watch any one episode of Sherlock Holmes you'll be surprised to know what phenomenal character he was okay so basically in inductive research we use Sherlock Holmes methodology so what Sherlock Holmes did was that he used to specifically observe a person and then try to come to a conclusion and on the basis of that conclusion he used to go to a generalization so it is reverse of deductive reasoning or deductive research in deductive research we take a generalized statement and we come to a specific statement in inductive we take a specific scenario and we come to a generalized statement I'll give you a very simple example from that particular TV series so what happens is that Sherlock Holmes meets his very best friend John Watson for the first time in one of the episodes and when he meets Dr. Watson he just observes Watson and he says that you are from Afghanistan and you are an army doctor and John Watson is surprised that you know I just came to you I did not speak anything about my life I'm not carrying any luggage how did you come to a conclusion that I'm from Afghanistan and I'm also an army doctor so it was based on few things that he observed on the court on the hands of Dr. Watson that Sherlock Holmes said that he's from Afghanistan and he is an army doctor so this kind of research is known as inductive research there are a lot of other things that are important for you to cover in the unit to research methodology and I'm going to talk about them one by one in the upcoming video lectures there I'm going to talk about characteristics of good research steps in a research process then variables types of variables hypothesis sampling and a lot of other things so it has been a really really fun journey to start research methodology and we are going to look at it completely from different angles in the upcoming videos so stay tuned to my channel if you've not subscribed then I'm pretty sure that you would know what to do right now you have to click on the subscribe button and also click on the bell icon so I'm going to meet you very soon in the next video lecture till the time I meet next happy learning keep loving literature and stay tuned to arpathakarwa.com