 Hello everyone, welcome to another episode of SugarMD. Today we are going to talk about types of diabetes. Now, what type do you have? You may know or you think you may know, but half the time people are wrong. Unless you are very typical type 2, you know, let's say you are 55 year old, very overweight, and then you are just taking some pills and you know, you're doing fairly okay. Yeah, that's probably type 2. Yeah, that's pretty typical, right? But there are a lot of people are in, is not in that category. So guys, I'm Dr. Ahmed Ergin. I'm an undergraduate knowledges practicing in Florida and New York, and I'm at diabetes educator. So today we are talking about types of diabetes. Let's get started. Guys, so like I said, if you may think you're a typical diabetic, you may consider yourself type 2 or type 1 and there are a lot of misconceptions around it. So when somebody comes to me, I don't label them like insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent or type 1 or type 2. I ask them, hey, what do you think you have? And they'll tell me. If they tell me that, you know, they have diabetes since age 2, I'm not gonna tell them, oh, you have type 2 or I'm gonna investigate. No, you know, that's typical. If you have diabetes at a super young age, that is type 1. If they tell me that, hey, you know, doc, I was diagnosed when I was 15, and I'm 35 right now, and I'm like, hey, have you been insulin all your life? Since, I mean, when I say all your life, since you got diagnosed, if they say no, I know that they were not a typical type 1 because if you're type 1, you cannot live without insulin, simple as that. So if they check your CPAP diet and that's close to nothing, and if they, if you have antibodies, which some of you may know, but I'm not gonna go into detail about this, your doctors can check that, but that's how antibodies typically they are, then your typical type 1. Now, not every type 1 has antibodies, unfortunately, it's because of the tests are not great, doesn't always catch the antibodies, but sometimes antibodies disappear after a while, so that is another reason that you may not have antibodies, but if your CPAP diet is low at a young age, you basically lost all your beta cells that produce insulin. I mean, you can't always get a pancreatic transplant, which is not the easiest thing to do. There are islet cell transplants in certain cases, but these are right now at least on selected cases, not every type 1 diabetic can get those treatments, unfortunately. Now, when it comes to type 2, we don't necessarily check CPAP diet to diagnose someone with type 2, because if you are not on insulin, or you don't require insulin to survive, then you don't have type 1. I know that. So why do I have to run a test, right? And then I don't run antibody testing on every type 2 because again, there's some people that I can tell, if they're not losing weight, if somebody's not losing weight, they aren't metformin, you know, they are on a few pills and their A1C is slightly high, that can easily be remedied. I'm not gonna question that. Now, but one thing that I question though is type 1, I have diabetes and a lot of people are not aware of that. Now, we're gonna talk about that now, but before where I would say the last but not least, I will also talk about Moody. Moody is a type of diabetes that most of you have never heard of it, unless you read my book right there, but I'm gonna have a brief touch on that Moody as well, because Moody is the most commonly misdiagnosed type of diabetes, as well as type 1.5, but there is more awareness now around the type 1.5. Now, why do they call it type 1.5? Because, or some people call it type 3, but the reason is it doesn't really look like type 1, but it's not really type 2, so we call it type 1.5. Simple as that. It's no brainer. Here's an example. Somebody comes age 40. You know, they may be overweight a little bit, but they're not necessarily that overweight, and they are telling me that they tried metformin, they tried this, they tried that. Things are not really working, especially they stopped working very quickly, and now, no matter what they do, their blood sugars remain high. I'm like, hmm, maybe you are not really making insulin anymore, especially if they are losing weight at that stage. So what happens is, those people have antibodies in their system, but those antibodies are not as aggressive, and their beta cells do not die at an early age like type 1 diabetics do. So they typically end up developing diabetes later in life, typically in their 30s or early 40s. Again, there is no, like, stereotyping here. I mean, it can happen. I have seen type 1 diabetes at age 85. I have seen type 2 diabetes at age 8, but I'm just telling you what is typical here. And, you know, these people are typically, like, they don't look like a typical type 2. They didn't need insulin right away, so they're not typical type 1, but they end up requiring insulin within the first 5 to 10 years of diagnosis of diabetes, and they are not typically super overweight individuals, and they generally get diagnosed early age, and they don't necessarily have to have a strong history of type 2 diabetes in their family. Again, type 2 diabetes is a strongly genetically inherited disease. 60% of diabetes is inherited, and 40% is environmentally acquired. So sometimes, no matter what you do, if it's in your genes, it may happen to you. But when you control your environment, you can definitely push that envelope and, you know, delay the process for a longer time and have a healthier life longer. Like, I have diabetes in my family, but I'm not depressed about it. You know, I'm just trying my best to not to get it. But if I have diabetes at age 55, I'm not gonna go depressed about it. You know, if it's in my genes, it's in my genes. You know what I mean? Instead of getting diabetes at age 45, I can push it 55 to 60 and have another 15, 20 years of, you know, disease-free life by eating healthy and exercising. Why not, right? But, like, some people believe that diabetes is just eating bad. Nah, that's not true. Eating bad is part of it, but like I said, genetics are a huge part of it. Now, back to type 1, I have, like I said, if you're a younger individual, you don't have a strong family of type 2 in your family, you're not necessarily eating bad and, you know, you're not overweight. We check antibodies, which sometimes checks the peptide for those people to just clarify some clouds and see what we can do for those people. And we discussed, like, a type 2 is typically stronger in the background. You all know that right now. So, now, what about Mordi? Mordi is interesting. We suspect Mordi, especially if people develop that at a very, very young age, like in teenager years and so forth, they get checked in a routine blood test. They don't end up with in the hospital, like a decay or anything like that. Their blood sugar never goes super high or, you know, they don't necessarily require insulin for most types of Mordi. Mordi 2 and Mordi 3 is the most common ones. The other ones are pretty rare, but there's like, God knows, like eight types of Mordi. So, but Mordi is an exactly a genetic disease. It's not type 2 diabetes genes. It's a different gene. So, every, like for diabetes to happen, a lot of things can go wrong, right? But for specifically for Mordi, one single gene, one enzyme can go wrong. Like glucokinase can go wrong. And in that case, you develop diabetes and you may have only a limited disease. Like your blood sugar may go only to like 141.50. Doctors will call you diabetic, but you don't necessarily need too much of like medical help and your diabetes is not going to progress. Because the defect is there, the defect, the enzyme defect is always going to be there. So, it's not because of insulin resistance like in type 2 diabetes. It's a totally different pathophysiology. Once you treat that with one single agent, it can fix the problem the rest of your life. Or sometimes some Mordi types, they don't even require any medication. And they never develop complications because their blood sugars are so mildly high, that's not enough to develop complications from diabetes. So, as a result, type of diabetes is very important. And these people are interestingly, doctors, the good doctors will ask families, right? Hey, you know, this is in your family, especially if they're suspecting this type of problem. And it's interesting to find out that actually everybody has diabetes in their family. It's not just them. Let's say the mother, the mother's mother or, you know, et cetera. So, it's kind of a linear inheritance pattern. You can easily figure that out. And then if they do not have the typical antibodies for type 1s, we sometimes send them for gene analysis for Mordi. And that typically turns the results. And these tests are not as expensive anymore. Insurance companies will cover as long as your doctor is ordering the right testing. And you may diagnose that as well. So, I hope guys that helps you to identify what types of diabetes you have. And if you do like this video, please spread the video. Let's give it a thumbs up. And we'll see you in the next one.