 local reflections. My name is Bina Nepram, and I'm the senior advisor on indigenous issues here at the United States Institute of Peace, and it's a great pleasure to thank you for your stamina, Tilna, for holding on and also to invite this brilliant panelist who will be looking, who will be telling us about, we have four excellent speakers here with us. First is Fatima Akilu. She's PhD, a negative director of the NIM Foundation, and she comes from Nigeria. Next, we have on my left Jolpon, who is Orozho Bekwa, director of the Bulan Institute of Peace Innovations, and she comes from Central Asia, and a person of immense experience. We have with us Margarita Hanita, PhD and lecturer in National Resilience Study University in Indonesia. And finally, we have our colleagues, Mr. Sarang Hamasahid, the director of the Middle East program of the United States Institute of Peace. The purpose of this session is for peace practitioners, expert practitioners from around the world to offer the reflections on how this rise guide have helped navigate and align to their work experience in rehabilitation and reintegration of people affiliated with violent extremist groups. So without further ado, and with a limited time now, because we are running a little late, we request each of the speakers to speak for five minutes each, from their experience, from each of their countries, and then we will open it up for discussion. So first, I call upon Ms. Jolpond to share how her work, she was a former journalist and also an analyst from Kyrgyzstan, and she had published her recent book, Foreign Fighters and International Peace. So in her work, how has the issue of violent extremism has been tackled and how this particular book, this guide book that's been released is going to help or have helped in this process of creating a more peaceful world. Thank you. Thank you very much. First, I would like to congratulate Chris, Mike and Lisa for this excellent document. I have read it, and I think it's really an important contribution to the issue. So I'm a director of the Bolan Institute. We are based in Geneva, and since 2019, we have been working to study the experiences of countries, how they repatriate being treated, what kind of rehabilitation and integration programs are in place. So our approach is evidence-based, so which means we need to study the existing experiences, and the main work we are doing is we have a network of practitioners, and we facilitate interstate learning through practitioners. So practitioners here, I mean the multidisciplinary specialists who are working directly with returnees. So I would like to give a general picture. So far since 2019, in total, we had 36 countries which repatriated their citizens from Iraq and Syria. So up to date, more than 6,500 people were repatriated to their home countries. So specifically last year, 2022, has shown some positive dynamic because many countries started repatriating, and I think especially in Western countries in Europe, the decision of European Court of Human Rights had an impact, positive impact on the decisions of European countries. And for example, France started repatriating dynamically, Australia repatriated this year, 17 citizens, Germany, and Kyrgyzstan and Netherlands, for example, United Kingdom, Spain also. So in general, total number is only about 7,000, which is nearly 10% of the residents of two camps. So the main work is ahead. So that's why we need to continue working on the issue. And so I would like to share some reflections, how countries they are rehabilitating and integrating. So we published recently a convenium of good practices, promising practices. So one of the good practices is taking a multi-agency approach, which means a whole of government approach uniting more than 15 state bodies. But this is not enough for the successful rehabilitation and integration. So there should be whole of society approach. So whole of society approach, we mean here engaging really local, on the ground, elderly people, teachers, old friends, family members, religious leaders. And of course, as a rise guide, says really local ownership is very important. Of course, they aid from foreign professionals is very important, but they shouldn't take the main seat. Main seat should be given to the local people. This is very important from the rise guide. And any country which wants to repatriate should follow these instructions. And I would like to highlight mobilizing, multidisciplinary specialists as early as possible. Even the country starts thinking about repatriation at first hand, they think about multidisciplinary specialists whom they will be involving and these people should be trained beforehand. And also I would like to mention about the rise guide action about the belonging. So from our experience, what happened in Central Asia, in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, so women who were repatriated, mainly these people who went to Middle East, they associate themselves with the Muslim community in general. What is important whenever they are returning to home countries, it's really important to give the sense of belonging to this country. So what did Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, they organize a special courses for children. So they went to the different museums, they met with famous people and about the history of the country. This kind of activities gave the children the sense of belonging. They started loving this country. They started feeling that they belong to this country. This is also very important, I think. So I think I have very limited time. So maybe during the conversation, I will continue, but I stop here. Absolutely, I think no one really wants to fight. People actually want to live in peace, return homes, lead a normal life, smell the flowers and feel to be a part of a larger, what you said, belonging. I think, and to be able to evoke that through the series of community base and also to let them understand the roots of their history was what you brought about. Thank you so much for this statement. Our next speaker is Margarita Hanita. She comes from Indonesia, as we mentioned. So the floor is yours. And she has a PowerPoint presentation, which she will share in a rapid five minutes. Okay, I'll try the best. Hello, everyone. First of all, I would like to thank to USIP for this invitation. It is my honor for being here. And I want to give congratulations to Chris. The Rice Action Guide is very related with our work in Indonesia. Everyone, I want to explain to you about our work with empathy. Community base early warning system because building resilience to support social integration. I would like to introduce you our foundation. Empathiku have a mission to mainstream empathy as live values and practice engaging community members, women, youth, children, policy makers and other stakeholders. And I also want to introduce you my study, my university. I'm a lecturer at the National Resilience Study, one of post-graduate program at School of Strategic and Global Study. Community base early warning system goals, what I work with empathy is to build community resilience to violent extremism so that communities be able to do early detection and early treatment of early cases and social integration cases of former ISIS-affiliated deportees, returnees or former terrorist inmates. We promote four pillars for this community resilience. Pillar one is awareness, raising and also understanding. We have engaged with thousand community members including Majlis Taklim, we said in Indonesia. It is women religious groups, neighborhood groups, women's groups, schools, youth groups, community social activities. Now at least 50 alternative short video contents have been produced by women and youth. And until now at least 40 early cases are detected and handed by early warning system resilience team. And pillar two is a case management system. The most important in here is develop simple data management system. And we also of course about social integration. The most important in social integration is express disapproval to the act but does not push the offender out of the community. It allows the person to be integrated back into the community. And we also make social integration through restorative practice. And it offers participant a chance to listen and be listened to care and everything. And I did remember Lisa in the opening about wall and bridging. I think we practice this in these pillars. And this pillar also we have dialogue participants and all are divided into five different groups. One group is former in midst, former returnees and their family members. Government officers, village police officers, village army officers and then victims of bomb tampering and family members. Community members who support the return of former in midst and former returnees to the community. And the last is community members who reject the return of the former in midst and return to the community. You can see the picture. There is an army village officer joined the Circle Club and their reflective dialogue. The most important in social integration is community preparation, participant preparation and preparing empathetic facilitators. This is the three most important we have to prepare. And for further three we building social cohesion activities with the communities. We developing the initiative and inciting community social cohesion. And we make policy support for early warning system with the government. And we provide all activity with the guiding principles, do no harm, prudential, respect to individual differences, human rights, confidentiality and accountability, social culture sensitivity, equality, gender equality and full women of their children's rights. You can learn about our building community based early warning system through this website and thank you very much for the opportunity. Yes, thank you so much to our excellent ban list for keeping right on time and ensuring. So, yes, thank you. Thank you. Empathy and the name of our organization, absolutely. When we look at violent extremism, sometimes it reminds us, you know, building nations and communities has to be done actually with a lot of love. Not at gunpoint, with a lot of love and your organization Empatiku, I don't know what it means in Indonesian, but it sounds like empathy. See? So, yeah, and absolutely, you use words, early warning is really critical. Early warning to recognize the signs and the symptoms that some kind of tension is going to happen. It's very critical, but in today's world of disinformation, how do we handle that is another issue that we can tackle. And you spoke about the circle dialogue and I would add the circle of trust, the circle of empathy, which will form the seeds of more resilient societies. Thank you so much for this excellent presentation. Now, to my colleague, Ms. Serhang Hamasahid, the director of the Middle East program, if you would like to share about that you and your team have been really instrumental in the key, in the, you know, this guide rise. And you have traveled to socialize the framework with key government and civil society stakeholders in Iraq. And the training starts next year. So please share with our audience your work and your journey in the making of this rise. Thank you. Good afternoon. It's a true pleasure and honor to be part of this panel and this symposium. And thank you for the opportunity. Congratulations to my colleagues, Chris Bosley and Chris Inman, the rest of the program and the colleagues who helped put this excellent guide together. As the director of Middle East programs, two countries named today, Iraq and Syria, are in my portfolio. And in that geographic setting, you have a complex, big and relatively unprecedented level of a caseload and conditions related to return, rehabilitation and reintegration. I'll focus on Iraq for my conversation today because it is there where your USIP has been able to apply several of its capabilities to effectively support return and reintegration. And I will focus in that context on the Al-Hal problem set because it is the most complex in the context of Iraq. The conflict against ISIS displaced about six million Iraqis, but Al-Hal is the most visible and probably one of the most acute manifestations of what we are dealing with. In the context of Iraqis returning from Al-Hal camp, a key barrier to return is stigmatization. And stigmatization is where the communities of return see those Iraqis in Al-Hal as a threat, as a threat because they see them as being members of ISIS, exposed to ideology. Therefore, if they come back, they see them as danger. The second component of stigmatization is they hold these people responsible. If you are being seen as ISIS, therefore the large number of killing, the displacement, the destruction, and other damage is blamed on you. So that is holding them responsible. So this stigma has become a key component of communal and institutional barrier to return. And it challenges a lot of people. So to look at the caseload of Iraqis in Al-Hal, at peak there were about 30,000 Iraqis in Al-Hal. The government of Iraq, with the support of the international community, including USIP, established a process for the returning Iraqis from Al-Hal. So far, just about 7,000 Iraqis have been returned in 12 waves. That's about 1,753 families. Out of those, when they return, they go through a rehabilitation process in Iraq in what's called the Jed'a Rehabilitation Center in the south of Mosul in the province of Ninoa in the north of the country. How long you stay there depends on the case and depends on some evaluations. As of now, out of the 7,000, about 3,900 have returned to their communities or another community because not everybody can return to their own community. So this progress shows that a degree of acceptance has been established in the system and also at the community. And USIP's contribution has been particularly on the community side where we've successfully worked with community leaders in Anbar, which has about half of the population of Iraqis in Al-Hal to transform community opposition to actually collaboration with the government to return those people. Where the Rise Action Guide comes into play when it converges with USIP's 20 years of uninterrupted work on the ground is that some of the elements that Rise is emphasizing at the institutional level, at the societal level, our dialogue process, problem-solving dialogue process we're tackling. But where the Rise is really helping us, it provides a holistic approach through this full spectrum of individuals, society, and the system, the structure. And that is important to understand the scale of the problem, develop a framework to deal with it, and then develop direct programming to deal with it. So far we've been successful, as you rightfully mentioned, Bina, and I'll conclude there. We have been able to, even before the publication of the Rise Action, to travel to Iraq and deliver the framework to key constituencies in the government of Iraq, at the National Security Advisory, the National Security Service, the Ministry of Migration and Displacement, universities, civil societies, and the media. So again, to cover the full spectrum. The guide is very thorough, covers a lot of ground, so one training and workshop will not do it. So hopefully next year we plan to do a more detailed training specifically to the team working on rehabilitation at the Jeddah Center. And my last point I wanna emphasize here is that if we wanna prevent the next iteration of violent extremism, we really, really need to look at successful rehabilitation, successful reintegration as a national security imperative, but also a humanitarian imperative where we need to help these people and see them a good number of them as victims. 7,000 children in Al-Hol, 7,000 children are under the age of five. And so that means they were either born in Al-Hol or they were really young when they were moved to Al-Hol. They did not commit a crime. They are not a danger. They are in danger. So it is really important to scale up the mental health, the psychosocial support work that is being done now, scale it up, deepen it, not just at the Rehabilitation Center, but also in the communities of return because we are talking about a large number of people. Thank you. Thank you so much, Mr. Sarang, Hamas Said, for your excellent work. Peace work cannot be a project of six months or one year. United States Institute of Peace, 20 years investment is a testimony that if we continue to do it the right way, we can build peace indeed. And I think when I read the guidebook yesterday in a few hours, I was absolutely stunned by the fact that it talked about the individual, the society, the structural level. It was a holistic way of looking at a form of healing and as you brilliantly shared, today we have 112 million people who are currently displaced because of war's conflicts and disasters and 107 active conflicts in the world till today, many of which you read in your newspapers, but there are 300 other forgotten conflicts that we have not even studied in a way that it deserves. So to respond to this again, as you really said, this is not just a national security issue, not just a global issue, but it is also a humanitarian imperative as you brilliantly shared. With this, we are going to the last speaker and it is the right way to end. She was meant to be the first speaker, but she wanted to go last and I think the wisdom is because Fatima Ikilu, who is the executive director of NIM, who comes from Nigeria, has been providing mental health and psychosocial support to communities in Northeast Nigeria affected by Boko Haram. So please, Fatima, share your work and your wisdom with us and hopefully the audience can engage our panelists in a few rounds of minutes. Thank you so much and again for me too, it's been such an honor and a pleasure to be here. I'd like to say Chris, Mike and Lisa, I wish you around 10 years ago, 10 years ago, no one was talking about mental health. It was like a voice in the darkness. At that time I was working for government and when I talked about mental health, nobody listened at all. They didn't think it was a priority or that it could even be done or that it was necessary because we were at the time focused on CVE and then PVE. So I'd like to frame my remarks around three main things. There's so many things in the rise guide but due to time, I just want to frame my remarks around these three. First of all, the idea of placing mental health within, sorry, this type of trauma work within a public health framework. I think it's novel, it's time, it's needed and also secondly, the emphasis on not just the individual but the transformation of the whole community environment. Thirdly, evidence-based, why is that important? I think sometimes there's a gap between us practitioners and people who do research. There's a lot of information out there that sometimes we don't have access to and sometimes our data is not used in a way that could really inform and make our programs better. So it was really important that that was a big part of the guide. So bearing that in mind, let me talk a little bit about my work. Today I'm only going to focus on the trauma aspect of the work but it seems very important because I noticed that almost every speaker today talked about trauma. I work in Nigeria and in the Lake Chad and in the last eight years, our work has grown but I always say it's grown but not in a good way because every time it grows, it means that conflict has increased. And why mental health? Because we found out in some of the other work that we do that unless we deal with trauma, people are not able to partake in all the other things that we offer, whether it's from a humanitarian or developmental perspective. So the peace building, the education, the livelihoods. So that's why mental health is a central part of our work. How do we do this? We do this in two ways. One is we work with both victims and we work with perpetrators. What we're trying to do is we're trying to build an infrastructure for mental health. And what that means is that we're trying to embed it within the national primary healthcare system in Nigeria because often when you use trauma as a response to conflict, it's always short term usually due to a dearth of practitioners and also because of funding. And as we know, for those of us who work in the space, just because you treat someone's trauma today, it doesn't mean two years later it's gone away and often the conflict is ongoing so people are becoming often re-traumatized. So in order to do this long term work, what is it that we think it's needed? For us, we look at two things. One, we have to build a capacity of practitioners. How do we do that? We live in a country where there is a dearth of mental health practitioners. We have almost 150 psychiatrists with a population of almost 200. And so it's not feasible to rely on the traditionally trained mental health practitioners. But we can rely on lay counselors. So these are people in the communities but we need to train them to a level that we feel that they are good enough that they will do no harm. And so I don't mean training them for two days or two weeks or two weekends as we see. So what we want is to build a cadre of lay counseling professionals and also develop a curriculum, a curriculum that is embedded within the culture and within the community. And so we started this work with the body of mental health practitioners in Nigeria to build this academy that will train this next generation of mental health professionals that would be embedded in hospitals, in schools, across communities. So this is very difficult and it's long term work because we not only train in them but we have to provide years long supervision. So that means we have to train another cadre of people to provide this supervision. Number two, we want our work to be evidence-based. Very often we find that sometimes we work in the dark and we don't know why things are working or why things are not working. So we collect data on all the work that we do. We analyze this data and that's what forms our best practice. We adapt our programs according to the results. So what we do is we collect pre-data before when we enter a community and then we collect data post the intervention. Our interventions, I won't go into it today because we don't have time but are quite detailed in terms of we provide trauma support, we provide expressive therapy, we provide art therapy and we found that there is a special category of people who are affected by conflict that when we do the normal counseling, they often need more and these are usually victims of gender-based violence, both men and women. So for that reason, we also have a team that's just dedicated and specializes in responding to gender-based violence in conflict. And so I think I'm going to try and round up. But so far we have trained about 500 lay counselors across the country and we have provided mental support to about 30,000 people. A lot of that data has been collected and it's been independently analyzed by King's College London. So this work has been published in the British Journal of Psychiatry last month. It's an example of evidence-based trauma support in low-income countries that are low-cost. So I'd like to end on that note, thank you. Thank you so much Fatima again for your excellent work and the leadership that you and your organization NIME have taken as you said for 10 years when people didn't speak about that issue now. Every organization and every one is concerned about this particular aspect and you have touched every aspect of it. With this, with the permission of the organizers, because we have such brilliant speakers from Nigeria, Central Asia, Indonesia, Middle East. So please, if you have questions to engage, please raise your hand and identify yourself and to please ask briefly questions if you have any. Did you meet all of them? Because I know you're a big group. You must be speaking to a few and missed out on a few. It always happens in conferences. So you wanna engage them, please let us know. They are tired. Everybody's tired, yeah. But with this then, we would like to then find round off statements from each of our panelists of how this action guide is going to, how are we gonna use this? How this in the next few, in the next coming year, how do you plan to take this up in your own work, in your own regions? And I would start from here and... Okay, thank you, Binah. I would like to say that I do agree with everything we've done today about social integration especially. That I learned about building resilience community, before this session. And we can see that building resilience is also about trust, trust each other and how can the community engage about social cohesion and this is not an easy thing to do if we deal with violent extremism. So I think that we have to, I learned from Lisa about wall and bridging. And also we work, that's why Empathiku promote four pillars and the first is early warning about and how they, we can make early detection and then early warning and dealing with the community. I hope and we can work with more village in Indonesia to make building resilience to prevent violent extremism. Thank you. Thank you. So Rai's action guide, I think it's very important document but what should be done further to, so countries they can learn from this action guide, I think it's on the paper but usually governments are very lazy. They don't read this kind of long documents. So what should be done is maybe some practical activities. So for example, you can have a small team with practitioners and then you can fly. You can fly to the countries with this Rai's action guide and then just to explain the simple words like workshops, small workshops, maybe one workshop for the mental health professionals, one workshop for community workers and then maybe one is for the ministry of social protection. So this kind of blocks and it can be very useful. And then maybe the whole document maybe can be read by some state officials but not all of them, all responsible people they are not going to read because we know some very important documents, Hedaya's blueprint for example and it's about also language barrier. I hope you are going to translate it, I hope. So and then one last point, sorry, I'm long. So the Bulan Institute, we also developed modules. It's a training program, how to design and implement and what we encounter is many countries they really have this kind of feel and then even they say when we talk, they say even children they know how to kill people and so they don't have information, they don't have knowledge but they are very afraid of these people. And then once I asked, I'm not going to name the government but I asked at least have you seen some videos from the Jusan operation of Kazakhstan? They never seen. And I said please watch, you can see small children. Three years old, five years old, they are not going to kill people. So this kind of really practical approach we need to show these videos to explain. So I stop here, thank you very much and I wish you the success for the further steps. Thank you, extremely practical steps, translation, modules, videos and I would add to it graphics, your views. Thank you, so for me it's just very simple. I'd like to see the rise guide become a bridge between government and practitioners on the ground. We talk about a lot, a whole of society approach but we're still working in silos. So maybe this can be a common unifying factor in terms of how we carry out this work on the ground. So thank you so much. Thank you Fatima, surround your words. Yes, thank you. I think in the context of the Middle East and specifically in the context of Iraq and Syria, there are a few things that we need to do. One is making it available in Arabic which is something that our colleagues are working on to make it as far-reaching as possible. Second, this is an action guide, not an action manual. So customization for the context that we are dealing with to translate it into practical action manuals. I think this is something that we can work with our partners on the ground on this. Third, the different audiences that we need to cater for. So in the context of Iraq, the magnitude of the problem, six million displaced have gone undergone trauma. We cannot train everybody. We will never have the capacity to address all of those. Even the 30,000 Iraqis in a whole, we will never be able to fully train for that. So we need a wide range of partners that would adopt this framework that would be knowledgeable about it that we will be able to do their role. So we are talking about, I mentioned about transforming community opposition to support. So we've been working with tribal leaders. So how do we make this accessible in a language in a way that tribal leaders can use? Teachers at school, civil society organizations, media influencers, because we need a full range of actors to reduce the barriers to return, to reduce stigma, and create that conducive environment for people to return, but also to prevent this from happening again. I think, so this framework is extremely helpful to address the remaining human legacies of ISIS and the wide range of legacies that we're dealing with, but also as a preventative measure to prevent it again. We need to look at the structural things that cause the rise of ISIS. We need to look at the societal matters and we look at the individual matters. And so that's why this is key. Getting it incorporated into universities, I think, and the training manuals and think tanks on the ground, these are all expanding the capacity because without that, no single organization or nor the collectives of the international community can deal with this as priorities are going to Ukraine and Gaza and other competition with China and elsewhere. So we need to build that resilience and the good news, in the case of Iraq, we have partners in the government, in civil society, in the university, so they're willing partners. We just need to connect those dots together. Thank you. Thank you so much. So let's give a round of applause to each of our brilliant panelists. Thank you so much to each one of you for your brilliant sharing. We now live in a time of war. To create a world beyond wars, this action guide will go a long way because in today's world, we are seeing a lot of rise in violent extremism, violence in our communities. But what is very critical is also the innate human nature and the community need to continue to work for peace. And each one of us in this room, to each one of you are listening in the audience and online, we know each of your work matters, each and every effort of yours matter from every organization, institution, from civil society to nation states to multilateral organization and individuals, as the action guide said, from the individual to the community to the structural and three levels, we hope that this will infuse the energy and the vitality and provide the tools that the world badly needs. And let us hope that this will shed a new light as Fatima said, 10 years down the line, we will be proud of what you all have done. Congratulations once again and thank you all. All right, everybody breathe deeply. We made it. I want to thank you all one more time for joining us on this very full but hopefully very informative day. I hope you all took something away from our incredible speakers. I know I did, our incredible panelists, our incredible facilitators. I have such an incredible amount of deep respect for every single one of them and every single one of you. So I would also like to extend a very warm thank you, not just to you, but also to every person who is up here and supported us today. I began to try to make a list of every single one of our panelists and moderators and realized that you're a mark speak for yourselves. So thank you all. We're really excited to embark on the next phase for Rise, so what does that look like? Some of it you all kind of talked about and hinted to. So the next thing that we want to do, that we're excited to do, is to begin to build partnerships with organizations and civil society organizations and governments, both local and national, in affected countries and affected areas around the world. So that's the next thing that we want to do. We're very excited to do that. We're excited to introduce the Rise Frame to them via workshops to adapt and tailor the guide into concrete action plans that are owned by those local stakeholders and not by us. We're excited to translate the guide, which is already started. So we have in process translating the guide into Arabic, Russian, and French. So that will be coming soon. Stay tuned. If you are a speaker of Arabic, Russian, or French, we haven't forgotten you, it's coming. We also are excited to adapt this guide and to place it online, using USIP's online global online academy, which provides free of charge access to anybody in the world who would like to consume this material. So we're really excited to expand the access to this guide and make it much more accessible with that online course. Finally, we're excited to keep the Rise Document a living document, right? This is not an end all, be all answer. Rehabilitation and reintegration, it's still a new area of practice. We're still learning. We're still finding and discovering more evidence. And so we're gonna continue to revise to update this framework. We've already had plans to add several things to it. We know that it's missing something on case management. We know that it's missing something on risk and needs assessments. We know that it's missing something on monitoring and evaluation. And we're gonna work to add all of that to the guide as we move forward. We'd also love to connect with anyone here who would like to partner on any aspect of this. So please don't hesitate to reach out. We would love to partner with each and every one of you. Finally, I would be remiss without acknowledging a whole cohort of people who helped us out to make today happen. So please join me first in thanking our talented event staff, our AV technicians, our catering staff who kept the coffee flowing and who kept the AV equipment happy. Thank you to our volunteers who helped you register this morning, who helped to usher us throughout the day. Tim Marlowe, Kat Erinizad, Andrew Mines, all have been here all day helping out with that. Thank you, all of you. I wanna thank my colleague, Chris Inman, your dedication, your encouragement, your quiet competence is everything to this team. Thank you. I wanna thank the leadership of Lisa Grange, David Young, and Michael Phelan for believing in this project for years and for continuing to support it despite it taking years. Of course, a deep debt of gratitude to Lisa Sherk and Mike Nickenschuk, who I could not have asked for better partners for this. Finally, I wanna extend one very, very special thank you to Mike Darden, who's up there in the corner. Mike has worked tirelessly behind the scenes for months coordinating this. You must be exhausted. You've coordinated speakers, you've arranged the rooms, you've put everything together, you coordinated the catering, you have done it all. The run of show, every aspect that came together today is thanks to Mike. It was an absolutely, herculean effort and you are the reason we were able to pull this off. Thank you. Now, I would like to invite you all to join us if you have any energy left. At a reception right here in the Leland Auditorium, we'd love to grab a drink with you. We have soft drinks as well as beer and white wine available. Where we hope you will also peruse our gallery walk where we're featuring some of our friends who are doing amazing work in this field from the Boulogne Institute, the Kainur Extremism Project, Strong Cities, the Resolve Network, and the Organization for the Prevention of Violence. We would love to hear about their work and love to get you to talk to them and learn about the great work that they're doing. Thank you all once more and I wish you all a fantastic weekend.