 And thank you, Bansani Xavier, for having accepted this proposal. Today, I'm going to present you results obtained after the lithic procurement at the lithic characterization, sorry, the raw material characterization of lithic tools recovered at Mondeo and how this study allows us to trace past human roots. Well, the work that I present you here had two main goals. The first one was to characterize lithic raw materials recovered at Mondeo opener site. This characterization was done at several scales of analysis. We first did some textural and microbiological analysis at the stereoscopic microscope, then petrographic studies, and we finally included geochemical analysis by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence and less enablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. And the second goal of this work was to trace human mobility and territoriality from these hensher-gather groups across the Pyrenees by trying to relate the data obtained after the characterization of the archaeological materials with the potentially geological formations. And doing this, we used statistical procedures to relate the geochemical data. The site of Mondeo is an opener site, which is located in northeast Iberia. It is placed near to the Segde River basin, which is the most suitable natural road to cross the Pyrenees by the eastern part. And the only one that was surely open during the last glacial maximum besides the coastline, the site is just placed in this hill in the Serdanya Valley, which is a high-attitude valley at more than 1,000 meters above the sea level. And the site is just placed just here at 1,144 meters. It was discovered in 1998 because you have here two images. The first one is from 1956 and this one from the 80s. The site is just here in this hill. And you can observe that, in fact, during the 60s and 70s, there were some mining works near the site. And due to these mining works, several fractures in the hill where the site is located, where the hill was eroded. And thanks to these, the site was discovered because in this fracture, some archaeological materials appeared. So the site has been annually excavated since the 2000 and is still under excavation. There have been three main areas. The most important one, this sector V, of about 30 meters squared that have been excavated. And at least until now, we have differentiated two different human occupations, two different archaeological levels. The first one where we first excavated an archaeological level that has been dated in the Lower Magdalenean between 1850, 500, sorry, and 20,500 Calvipi. And then we found that there was an ancient occupation of the site, almost dated from the Solutrion by the Gullion, and dated by dredger carbon and almost 22,500 Calvipi. So we studied the lithic raw materials we covered at both archaeological levels. And what we observed, it was that there is a polylithological complex with several rock types that were mostly used. In fact, we found that there were a lot of rhyoliths, quartz, quartzites, like the rock crystals, where the origin is most locally and regionally. But in fact, the church was the main lithology exploited with several identified types. And the most interesting thing is that despite rhyoliths, quartz, quartzites, and like that are from local origin are outcropping in the Sardania Valley, church doesn't outcrope in this valley. So it comes from outside the Sardania Valley. So determining the origin, it was very interesting. By microscopic and petrographic analysis, we already distinguish until seven types of church. There were the most important ones, types one and two, that were represented in both levels and in a high percentage. And then we observed types three and four, two types of marine church that appeared, not so much represented, but they appear recurrently in all the archaeological levels. And then we also observed three other types of church, five, six, and seven, sorry for the photograph, it doesn't appear, that were represented by scarce elements. There were church that arrived to the site in a specific moment of the occupation. So, and already with macroscopic and petrographic studies, it was already possible to connect some of these archaeological church with a specific geological formation. It was the case for types three and four, which I said there appeared not in a high amount, but regularly in all the sequence. For type three, the origin here is the site. And the origin for type three has to be, in fact, are here, the altrups. And for type four, the origin is just here in the south and Pyrenees. So, at least we know that there are church coming from the north and also coming from the south of the Pyrenees. The problem was with types one and two, the most represented church types, because at both slopes of the Pyrenees, both at the north and the south, we had geological formations with the same characteristics at the microscopic and microscopic scale. So, we were not able just to relate these archaeological charts with one specific geological formation. So, for that, we applied geochemical and analytical techniques. First, we did energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence with the aim to quantify major and minor elements represented in these charts. And then we applied LACPMS with the aim to quantify the trace elements represented in church. You can see here more than 200 geological samples were studied and almost 200 archaeological samples were studied. I have to say that both techniques are non-destructive or almost non-destructive for LACPMS. So, our aim was to analyze the highest amount of samples possible just to have a great idea of the representativity of the charts that were analyzed. So, I present here results obtained after the analysis of the type one, which is a LACPMS twin-cell type and is the most represented cell type in the site of Monyo. And first, we applied EDXRF to quantify major and minor elements. We quantified nine oxides. And already with the EDXRF, we had some ideas. In fact, you have here the set and we had six geological formations that could have been used by these groups. Two were located, I will be the editor, but I can't do the microphone. So, two were located in the northern Pyrenees, two Miocin formations. And then we had four geological formations located in the southern Pyrenees, one from the Maastrichtian in orange, one from the Oligocin in blue, another one from the Oligocin just here in brown. And finally, the Miocin Church from the Ebrovation. So, what we observe with the EDXRF here is presented at PCA with the median value of the archaeological samples and each geological outcrop started. But here is the median of the archaeological samples. And what we can observe is that there are some outcrops that seems to be closer than others that are far away, just here or here. So, what we then did was to search for the most represented elements, in fact, were silica, calcium, and aluminum. We did this scattered plot with all the samples that were analyzed. The black points are the archaeological samples and the squares are the geological samples, one for each outcrop. So, what we observe is that there were some formations that were far away, others closer. Here, we observe these formations that could be discarded by EDXRF. In fact, we have the archaeological samples here and these formations are far away from the main archaeological dispersion. So, they could already be discarded by EDXRF. They are the Oligocin Church from the Southern Pyrenees and also one of the formations from the Northern Pyrenees, these Miocin Church. Then we observed that there were two other formations that did not fit very well with the main archaeological dispersion, but they were not too far. So, we had to maintain them. There were the Maastrichtian Church from the Southern Pyrenees and these Miocin Church from the Abrobation. And finally, what we observed that there were two formations that they fit very, very well with the main archaeological dispersion, once the Oligocin Church from the Southern Pyrenees and also the Miocin Church from the Northern Pyrenees. So, we just... Well, the differences between outcropes, we also observed that they were differences already concerning different outcrops from the same formation, just you can observe here. But then we did LACPMS to try to solve these doubts and there we quantified trace elements and with the PCA, with the 20 dose elements, what we observed that we observed that we had similar results as the ones obtained for the EDXRF. In fact, the formations that had been previously discarded were already again discarded, these Oligocin Church in blue and the Miocin Church from the North in green. And we also observed that some Oligocin formations, I showed you before, that of one formation from the Oligocin, there are different outcrops and with the EDXRF, we already have differences. So, here with the PCA, we observed that two of these outcrops from the same formation could already be discarded. We observed for this church that we were not quite sure. We are not quite sure again because they fit with the main archeological dispersion, so we have to maintain them and the church that they fit very well, they again fit, so that's good. But then to try to solve these doubts with the Maastrichtian and the Miocin Church, we put here some specific trace elements, Arsenic, Uranium and Tangsten. And what we observed is that these Miocin Church and these Maastrichtian Church are far away from the main archeological dispersion and however, the Oligocin Church from the Southern Pyrenees, mostly the Castaglia de Farfania outcrop and also the Miocin Church, both of the study outcrops, fit very well with the archeological dispersion. So we conclude that the Augustine Church from Mongeo are coming from these both formations, one located in the Northern Pyrenees and the other one located in the Southern Pyrenees. First, I told you that we had two main archeological levels or two different archeological levels at the site. So we could imagine that maybe people from the lava Magdalenean went to one outcrop and people from the Badegulian, Solutian Badegulian went to the other one, while in fact we have put some of the samples in this graph, we observed that it is not sure. So it appeared that people from the lava Magdalenean exploited both formations and this ancient occupation also frequented both outcrops. So just to conclude, what we have observed with this study that comprises several scales of analysis, the macroscopic, the pathographic and also the geochemical, including geochemical methods is that in fact the natural corridor of the Segre-Ted River, which is just here, the river Segre and then crossing by here the Ted River, it was regularly used after the Late Lash and Maximum because for the main type of church that appears in the site, they are using church that coming from almost 100 kilometers to the Northeast and almost one, I think a bit more, one hundred and a half kilometers to the Southwest. Or we have also known by the exploitation of the local rocks that demonstrate that the people that occupy in Mongeo, they had a good knowledge of the Sardania Valley because they used the available rocks to nap there but the presence of these church has allowed us to know that people that settle in Mongeo, they frequented a large territory that comprises both Pyrenees and Slavs as we have constate for types one and also for type three and type four here in the South. And in fact, the presence of long-distance church, I didn't say, but for these three types that I say there are scarce pieces. In fact, two of them we do not know. The origin not yet, but for the other one, it seems that they are church coming from Shalos. We have only three pieces, but this, and if we add the presence of some Atlantic shells that had also been found at Mongeo, that could be the evidence of the existence of HNGs between groups or at least what we know now is that the Pyrenees for these people took part of their territory and that they were not barriers at the late Glacian maximum because they crossed by, maybe by here, but they could cross with other passes and the Pyrenees were part of the human territory. And that's all I think.