 The Imam Salamullahi alaih is well-known Because he witnessed the downfall of the Umayyad dynasty and the rise of the Abbasis dynasty This political unrest Provided him with the opportunity to publicly Teach about Islam but the Islam of Rasulullah sallallahu alaihi wa alaihi The Islam that Allah brought down to humanity Not the Islam of Bani Umayyad He started to produce individuals Who were very well-versed and very knowledgeable in religion as I mentioned earlier today in Salatul Jumu'ah during his time Muslims ideologies started to go right left and center the works of Plato and Aristotle Started to be translated. So Muslims started to get familiar with some of these works And they started to be influenced by them Adopting some of these theories and ideologies In addition to this People because they left Amirul Mu'mineen Salamullahi alaihi The teachings of Rasulullah sallallahu alaihi wa alaihi And they followed that man Who when the prophet was on his deathbed asking for a pen or a paper or the equivalent of pen and paper He said hasbuna kitabullah We have the book of Allah and it's enough for us They followed that the problem is they do not understand kitabullah They don't understand it So each one of them started to interpret it his own way Which created chaos By the time of al-Imam al-Sadiq alaihi salam This chaos started to penetrate in the muslim world A major school started to Materialize known as the Mu'tazilites Mu'tazilites said that we have a complete free will The human being chooses whatever he wants Opposite Another school of thought came the asha'i rites Who said no we have absolutely no free will It's all predestined That latter school of thought was Prospered Funded by the umayyads Why it makes perfect sense Why did you become the Khalifa? Allah chose me the Khalifa Why do you have something to protest against Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala? Why do you steal people's money? Allah Like Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan used to say The money is Allah's money But I am representing Allah So if I wish to give I give and if I wish to deprive I deprive I represent Allah End of story That kind of ideology propagated And that kind of ideology spread Although the school became known as the asha'i rites In relationship to Abu al-Hasan al-Asha'i Who came a bit later But the roots of that teachings was there You find Abu Hanif al-Nu'man having such teachings have such roots Imam al-Sadiq alaihi salam came to clarify It is not complete free will nor it is complete predestiny It is somewhere in the middle You have the choice to eat the food Whether it is halal or haram that's your choice no one is forcing you You choose to eat halal you want to pay your homes and make your food halal that's your choice No one forces you You want to eat halal meat that's your choice No one forces you once you put that Bite in your mouth and you chew it That's all you voluntary so far Once you push it inside Can you control what happens next? Khalas Then it's a system that you have no control over So free will and predestiny somewhere in the middle Okay With regards to legislation Allah does not force anyone to do anything that's your choice But when it comes to the system of creation The creation like what happens inside after you swallow the bite That food that's all creation system that you have no control over don't have control over that Okay So you see somewhere in the middle imam al-Sadiq came to clarify He raised a group of individuals scholars To carry this kind of knowledge A man from sham comes to imam al-Sadiq alayhi salam. He comes to him And he says I heard you have answers to all kinds of sciences He says so what would you like he says I want to Challenge you discuss About what? Quran Imam says okay have a seat. He turns to one of his companions or students Humran ibn a'ayon He says humran go ahead challenge him The man from sham says I don't want to challenge humran. I want to challenge you He says challenge him if you can defeat him. It's as if you've defeated me Go ahead He argues with humran. He loses the argument humran wins He comes back to imam al-Sadiq. I want to challenge you again about what? This time about arabic language No problem al-ban ibn taqlob get up. It's your turn Challenge him The man loses the argument Comes back again. I want to challenge you about something and so on so forth up to six things Every time the imam calls one of his students And the man loses Until the man turns to imam al-sadiq alayhi salam this shami He says it is as if you are trying to tell me that such people Are your shia He says yes indeed Those are my shia The knowledge they have the knowledge they have It is such people that carried the knowledge to us today The knowledge that sometimes we take for granted such people Who today I mentioned one of them Muhammad ibn abi omeir Ibn abi omeir spent 17 years in the prison of haroon 17 years Being tortured being beaten his wealth was taken away from him. He was a wealthy man businessman of fabrics He comes back after 17 years living in the dungeon in darkness blind All his wealth is gone All his books were destroyed But does he stop? No, he's still now. He says whatever I remember From my masters al-sadiq wal qawwum alayhi salam. I will tell you and people start to write his ahadith Such people that's how the knowledge was carried to us through such people such were the shia