 Tissue engineering has become increasingly important in treating cardiovascular diseases. One of the main challenges in treating these diseases is the lack of donor organs or tissues. Tissue engineered blood vessels have emerged as a potential solution to this problem. This paper provides an overview of the current state of research in this field, focusing on the use of autologous stem cells, scaffolds, and scaffold-free cellular transplantable constructs. This article was authored by Judy Grace Nemono-Gwanzon, Sir Jung Lee, Johan Robert Berg and others.