 Hey everybody, welcome to the Linuxcast. I'm your host Matthew Weber. I'm joined by Martin Burke My maths are things for you Well, my country's burning My country's going to hell man. I'm gonna have to emigrate to the United Kingdom or Canada or something You remember the last show we did in 2020 we said 2020 is over It's gonna get all better in 2021. That didn't happen Alright now so Martin Screw politics screw all the other stuff going on the world. What have you been doing in Linux lately? Right, so I've been trying out linear Joe s on the pie for Just for something to try out basically. I've never actually tried the operating system for Android Um, jury's are out at the moment. Just need to get a few things sorted. I think it's my Lee must set up with more mouse, maybe the power and Definitely need to overclock the pie once I get a fan for it I suppose I could stick a PC fan on it with the 9 volt battery, but I really can't be bothered Yourself what you've been up to Multitudes of things so no sounds good So I've been looking for an alternative to Kaden live that I used that at the videos I've not been successful, but I tried something called Flow blade something like that. It was it was atrocious. It was it was not good I'm gonna look at a couple other ones. I've also been struggling with pygons which brought the last I don't know Two months or so every time my monitors wake up the screen flickers like a seizure thing It's and I have to kill pycom and report a start pycom in order to Get the get it to stop So I'm thinking that I'm going to have to go through and finally do a nuke and pave on this computer because I know I've I've tried uninstalling pycom tried using the default configuration files for it And it just keeps happening so there's something on my system that's causing that to happen I filed a bug report, but I Nothing nothing ever came with that so I'm not sure what's going on with that So but I've been trying also been trying um in that vein. I've been looking at something called arch labs Linux It's basically just an arch installer And I think if I end up do having having to do a nuke and pave for my main system I'll probably try that instead of arco. So give me something new to new to do Anyway, I Have been trying out for your audio and video video editing that DaVinci resolve 17 I've never tried DaVinci resolve. I was been trying to find the open source ones All right, yeah, but I'll probably end up trying DaVinci resolve you know, some people use blender to edit their videos and Just opening blender makes me confused I mean Yeah, there's not a Application out there that's more confusing than blender. I'm not quite sure how people would go about, you know Editing videos and I just I don't know. I don't need all the bells and whistles and Katie while Katie and live is good. I just I don't know You know, I was just looking for something new I always like changing it new stuff anyways So if you want to get contact with us, you can do so on Twitter at the Linux cast I'm at MTWB on Twitter Martin smart and twit to you. You can find these links in the show notes description It'll be easier just to click on things you can subscribe to us at the Linux cast or it's coming week. They'll actually be a Website at the Linux cast org because I'm going to do a video on Hugo and well I'm gonna put it out on a github page. So that should be fun You can also contact us via email at the Linux cast at gmail.com. I Know I've said that I'm gonna create an actual email address for us I've not done that yet Someday I will do that. You can follow us on Facebook to Facebook comm slash the next cast and make sure you subscribe to us on YouTube where you'll find daily videos on Foss open source Linux Window managers all sorts of stuff And you can find that link in the in the show notes as well. So each and every week we do a Couple links of like news-ish kind of stuff and then we have a main topic and some pick apps of the week So we're gonna just going to jump in Martin, what's your first? What's your link for this week? right, my first bit of news is from it's fast news and It's the title of the headings guess who contributed the most to Linux kernel 5.1 development and You'd expect it to be Intel, but no hue. We Wow, it's up there. You are way. Why are we? While wait, I think it's while way. Yeah, it's while way. Why are we? Yeah, I know I didn't know that until I listened to podcast and I still get it wrong. We care for time So I don't get it right. I don't think right. So it entails the leading code contribution for the development of Linux kernel or the number of chain sets or number of lines changed, however Huawei Has been making a notable contribution Possibly due to the mavin several products and service that rely heavily on Linux and they've also got the cloud services But I'm just a just the headlines really from here. So chain sets. Wow, we was 14,000 three 1434 Intel was 1297 Lines changed by Huawei was 96,000 Sorry line lines changed by Intel was 96. Well, just under 97,000 and she why we was 41,000 and there is a table with the various companies have made the Contributions which says lots about the strong effort that they are putting in into the Linux kernel development Which can hardly be a good thing, but there's a whole list obviously your main players are there NVIDIA is dragging the heels a bit, but at least they're contributing something But the link to the page is in the show notes if anyone wants to check that out. How about yourself Matt? What's caught your eye? Oh, sorry. I was just say do you think that there's going to be any Kind of pushback because there's what the whole Wildways a Chinese company and they're obviously in cahoots with the Chinese government Well, of course, it goes without saying The end of the day saw the open source and it's open There's no proprietary so so anyone could go through the the lines of code which to be fair I'm sure in telling the number of people are but at the end of the day It's only going to make if they get the foot in the door so to speak of development on the Linux kernel The conundrums might just make the software run that little bit smoother and faster Yeah, at the end of the day. That's all I can see. What's caught your eye recently? All right, so I Did a video on this earlier this week actually Linux Mint 20.1 Ulyssa was available for download this week and interestingly enough I really liked it when I used this That whole Linux Mint is useless thing didn't didn't last very long I did see it enjoying it. I was watching a little facing enjoying the Linux Mint You would I still think I'm gonna prefer the Debbie in addition But there were some things that's really surprised sub sub sub surprised surprised me for one I've decided that I'm going to change to Nemo for my Visual my GUI file manager only because I can hide that the The file bar menu and get it back because I've been using tuner for years and years and tuner is the file manager for like Monte and I believe it came from good home too, but the It went if you hide the file the file edit view buttons up there at the top You can never get them back unless you delete the application and reinstall it. It's a pain in there the rear end So just for that one reason I think I'm gonna start I mean It's weird to review an operating system and have that be the Thing that you take away from it, but Martin, maybe you can and this is gonna be kind of jumping in on your at pick of the week, but Why are they spending resources making an IPV TV? Thing for when I'm so confused about that. I mean I understand that you know if they just want to do that I guess a side project this It was like they were turning it as a feature of when it's meant to be sure I mean I put down this app of the week for some of the guys out there that Basically just can't be asked downloading mint to check any time to mean obviously anyone can search, but I Put on there. I mean I did search for other streaming services There just wasn't any I did find a couple that you do delving on a couple of pages in from Google, but Well, it was basically pirated stuff to be truthful and I can't see the point of it because I Bought up from be bought up from streaming from XBMC, which unfortunately got rebranded to code You know absolutely exploding and everyone was selling Amazon Firesticks and things like that with all the pirated things on and everything and absolutely ruined it Well, I mean code is fine for your streaming of television and stuff like that that you can install but yeah, I can only guess is It's It's doing it. It is pointless from my eyes. It seems weird, right? I don't know about you all got what you can get on your TV I mean, I didn't bother changing my an IP to USA. I mean whether it's Content-controlled or whatnot or you couldn't try and watch some BBC programs, but There wasn't a lot on there for the UK a couple of I was astonishing where I was astonished that the weather channel was on it because the weather channel here at least here In the United States is a cable thing you have to pay for it I like how do you get the weather channel on this free thing? I didn't make any sense to me I don't know. That was the most of that review is the most confusing thing that was a new in Linux Mint was that IPTV thing because I just like This doesn't it doesn't I mean why? They must have serious amounts of Development time on their hands if they can waste time on that kind of stuff. I mean, it just doesn't You know, I don't know at the end of the day you can get VLC and is it the MPU 3 or something and pull the strings into VLC That's what I used to do years ago on a Windows and you can get all your streaming television on that Free view or cable to be truthful depending on what sites you drop on But I think it might just be a catch. Oh, we've got 96 channels. You might actually like one of them That's what my take away was for the beat UK channels Anyways, there'll be a link in the show notes for anybody who's interested in knowing what's new in Linux Mint I'll be I'll be interesting to see because this is based on the light the last Ubuntu LTS I'll be interesting to see what the Debian edition looks like because I'm really much more interested in the Debian edition although I will say one thing that in my video about How I didn't really care for the next minute that I didn't really take into account in terms of different differentiation is that I talked a little bit about snaps and stuff in that video, but really what Minutes folk focuses on is flat pack. So it's really kind of like you're using Ubuntu But instead of having snaps shoved on your throat, you're having, you know, they're focusing on flat back So that's I guess that's one differentiation that I didn't really think about anyways Enough and you like the web apps. You like the web apps, didn't you? Oh the web apps thing. Yeah, that was cool But I don't think that that's new. I think that's I mean Itation of it, but there's like something like called Flocks, it was ice ice apps as well on peppermint. It was a App previously. It's ideal for just sticking YouTube on it log into YouTube stick your subscription save it Just open up YouTube to subscriptions without Google spying anymore on you. Yeah, that's all I ever do Just stick it in one of those nice and easy anyway Yeah, alright, so our main topic this week was Martin's and all I know about it is we're gonna talk about Linux file systems So Martin, what are we gonna talk about? Well, it's just basically the basic file formats that you can format your disks or USBs I'll glaze over them because I think I'll send everyone to sleep in including myself And I won't go through every single one because it's a fair few So if I start off with the classic fat 32, which is obviously the file allocation table So this is the older Windows file system, which can be read by Linux and Mac OS It's still used on removable devices digital cameras Android phones tablets the maximal file maximum file size is usually about four these four gigabytes and You can actually format them under Windows at 32 gigabyte So if you got your windows you can format your USB to the 32 gigabyte But larger volumes can be created with other tools if you're on Windows or of the system And I mean it can increase to two terabytes. I'd love to see that day. We got a two terabyte USB But there you go and theoretically 16 terabytes So, I mean, it's ideal your fat 32 if you've got a 32 gigabyte stick I mean, we've all been there before if you've got a 64 or you've Downloaded something on one computer gone to move it with a pluggy USB stick into a television. It's possibly because you're on the wrong Formatted it to the wrong file system So ideally if you cross compatibility fat 32 is a way to go Next one up is the NTFS, which is new technology file system Which was used as a follow-up to fat 32 Which has been used since Windows XP and is Usable on Linux and it can be used on USB devices over the 32 gigabytes The good thing about NTFS is it does use a journaling file system So that'll help rebuild if you've got a power outage or data Corruption help rebuild up the data Yep, I want to say something about NTFS So I do I have a Windows partition and I have my external hard drives Formatted as NTFS so that they both can you know, whatever, but did you know that you can not? Troll permissions on an NTFS drive. It's Completely open as what is that 777 that's completely open To everything if you if you're using NTFS on Linux, like there's no Close permissions on it at all and you can't change them even with Sudo Yeah, it's really weird because I came across it because remember I Think it was like in November or something the last year I was talking about how I was trying to get jellyfin to work or something. I think that jellyfin is the alternative to Plex, right? I Was trying to get that to work with my music thing and my music son that NTFS drive and because of those really odd-ass Permissions it can't work. So that that was just my little rant you can continue on No, no career career Unfortunately as far as I could see NTFS does not work on Android But I don't think you bother with you as an external to be fair next on Linux 5 it ext4. So it's obviously the default fall system on The majority of Linux distributions now and it is faster. Yay Windows and Mac doesn't support these fall systems So if you need to you'll need third-party Software or various tools It's often ideal to format your Linux systems partitions as ext4 and leave any removable devices As I said earlier fat 32 or NTFS if you need compatibility with you the Operated systems as described earlier. So I mean We all use ext4 Unless you actually use BTR FS which is an X one which is also known as better fall system B3 fall system butter fuss butter FS butter FS B Tree FS and I think that's about it. It's just butter FS in my mind. Really. It's easier And so it's just designed originally by Oracle, but other major companies have since played a part in development This list includes Facebook, Netgear, Red Hat and Suze. I know it had a bit of bad press butter FS Previously, but I know Facebook had still been using it all the time because of it. It's real a Reliability so I mean the fall system is aimed at better real low reliability and scaled ability Offering higher fault tolerances easier administrating and obviously the journaling Take it snapshots on your system super quick and easy so I mean I Think it also also So if you've got some people have like raid drives and things set up this obviously can read all your drives as one butter FS volume also I At the moment it isn't the default on Linux distributions, but it possibly will replace the XT4 one day Yes, yes, I think Debian's got support for Dora does use it gen 2 and I'm sure Arch has got support for it also Yeah, I'm not sure I'm actually enough and not sure yeah I know fedora fedora was one of the big guys that are just I think with a new release whether the one just gone or the next one That they're just moving to the butcher FS Yeah, the 30 or whatever moved or moving to it. All right, so arch does does support butter FS But it's unstable. So it's um, I Don't know if I'd use it or not What about so what's the are you going to cover Zeta it was ZFS? I was but I didn't want to bore everyone to death So I was going to try and keep it short it if need be we can cover some of the others Because ZFS is the one that Ubuntu has chosen to throw their weight behind You can install that directly from the the installer Unlike you know, like I'm pretty sure butter FS you could probably use on Ubuntu as well, but you'd have to yeah, yeah go through like G parted or something in order to do it But yeah, once you have your mind your politicians Yeah, see if that's you can actually go through and do right from the installer and arch does support ZFS so ZFS is kind of like butter FS, but newer I think Interestingly it was also developed by Oracle hmm So, you know, that's that's interesting. Um, so I mean you just use EXT for on your Linux systems, right? I mean, yeah, yeah, I tried the butter FS the ones. I think it was the fact that I Was taking them snapshots of my system I forget which which system it was and it said if you've got a butter FS you can use this and I thought and I'd looked into it and snapshots, I think Literally instantaneous instead of taking a massive Copy of everything it just literally takes a snapshot. So which is ideally if you're dealing with vast amounts of data or or you are backing up Literally two or three times a day for it just to take quick snapshots in the background I mean that that's perfect. You could control the amount of snapshots like anything else I think it was time machine I was using I think and that gave the option of if I had a butter FS to take the system Snapshots time shit. You mean time shift time shift time shifts time machines the Mac one. Yeah Oh, so I can understand the the draw of the instance snapshot thing But for my personal use everything that I need to back up I either back up on a External hard drive just using our sync and that does incremental upgrades as well or I just like my configuration files and stuff which this is I guess the stuff that I Really need because it's on that's the only stuff. That's on my main hard drive I just use get I just upload to you know up to a github using get and get also does you know Incremental upgrade stuff I guess so I'm not quite sure what I Guess time shift would be good because it's like It's like a GUI application so you can you know set your schedules and stuff and it would just do it automatically I where where's I had to be the complicated nerd guy and actually read a cron job in order to do it You know, so you want to expect like your Average unique Linux years to even know how to use cron without looking it up. So I Wish I could use the hard way Yeah, I've got bird boy backups before I mean to tell you the truth I don't really both we snapshots at the moment. I've literally got a spare drive and every week or so if Uploaded any pictures to my driver anything like that. I just do a Standard home directory copy over and just keep it on my spare drive. That's where I'll do but The next one if you can count it, I mean it's still a Linux Is your swap foil? So it really isn't a file system is basically a partition formatted as a swap from your memory to the disk It's just swapping space for the operations Operated system exactly like a page falling windows. Obviously if you turn the computer off, it's full at all. So it It's gone and that was my quick whip through the main File systems of Linux. I mean to be fair. It was quite interested going through me That was on your whistle stop too. I put that there's quite a lot of information But to a face I could probably do a lovely could probably do it to podcasts on that to be fair with a History and and the benefits of it, but there's always something bigger and better around the corner lot You said ZFS It's possibly the next one once they get butterfacing to the mainstream. Yeah, so EXT 4 is gonna go away eventually. That's the one thing about Linux, right? Is that they move on from I mean, obviously EXT 4th is 4 is the fourth one. So they move on from these file systems, you know, fairly quickly Xt4 though has been around for quite a while. So be it be interesting to see which one It's either going to be butterfs or ZFS. It's really gonna depend on I'm gonna I'm gonna say that ZF I keep telling is it said FS just because That's what I hear everybody call it but ZFS or whatever I think that that's probably gonna be the one that actually like wins out as the default mainly because most people use Ubuntu right, so I mean that's majority of people are gonna be but the On the other flip side that I mean red hats throwing their weight behind butterfs So that might be the one that goes to and be The one that's gonna be popular in like the server area or whatever. Yeah, exactly Facebook red hat and all the other big players They need something that's not gonna fail. I mean for the average home use. I mean, I'm obviously all drives die SSDs die, but I mean I Xt4 people used to be using that for even more years to come because However, they do do their backups or just stick with it for your average user. I mean, we're not processing huge amounts of data but Onwards and upwards with it, but Yeah, I'm sure it was once all the distro a majority of distros started using either one or the other Everyone else will follow the packet and just a few people will probably either choose to install the Xt4 or I Even even if the big ZFS or butterfests became default the Xt4 is still gonna be part I mean, you can still format your drivers the Xt3 or 2 Yeah, you know, I mean, it's not it's not as if those things are gonna go away. That's the thing about Linux. I mean excuse me Is that you pretty much can do whatever you want. I mean, that's that's why we like Linux because you can Do whatever you want. All right, or just call. Oh, sorry or just call butterfests ex t5 It could be I mean because honestly when you read that out, they had like what six names for it They need to choose a name. That's bad I do like the butterfests because it smooths as butter Yeah, they need to choose a name anyway, so let's move on to absolute week Martin We kind of stole yours from earlier, but you can talk a little bit more about Yeah, no sweet we glazed over earlier and Linux mint and 20.1's out a Couple of new apps for it one of those being hypnotics where you can Watch, I believe it is streamed TV. I don't think it's recorded and then streamed out I'm in the links there if you want to try it. It didn't work for me on kidee neon. I have had it working previously It's in the are you are as well Oh, you got my attention I thought I thought so say I Mean give it a whirl just to say yeah, I've tried it. I mean I Such is fine for the odd news channel and things like that But it's nothing you can't really search on YouTube live news or things like that might be odd channel that Might be of interest for you but going through it after the UK channels. I think I saw BBC Scotland the odd-sky news but nothing really Caught my attention to leave it on my system. So I just deleted it to be truthful. How about yourself? What's What's caught your attention all right, so I've been using this for actually a while and Really, it's less about the app and more about the functionality because there's several clip clip menu or clip Clipboard managers out there so you can choose basically whatever you want. Whatever, you know, I could suit your fancy But I chose clip menu D and Basically what this is is I mean everyone uses a clipboard control C control V all the time Basically what this does is it just you know keeps a history of everything you have and you can put that into a menu system like you know ropey or the menu or whatever and It will keep all of your history So if you copied something like I don't know an hour or two ago or you know a day ago or whatever It's still in your history. You can just navigate to that and Re-copy it and put it as the in the forefront of your clipboard It's really good if you go through and like say, you know, there's a whole bunch of links on a page That you need to copy you can just go through and copy all those It will just save them right to your clipboard and then you can move to wherever you want to paste them and Use clip menu D to paste them all without having to go back and forth back and forth back and forth It's Clip menu D itself is not the easiest thing to To set up mainly because you have to be able to know how to set an environment variable But that's only if you're going to use it in conjunction with a menu system like D menu or ropey You can also use it in the terminal So you could just type in you know clip menu D and it all your your past history would then come up and you're in the terminal I'm not sure like if there's anything else you could use it with. I'm not sure like maybe you could use it with like you launch your We one of those like was Alfred or Albert or something It's possible that you could use it with with one of those Those actually made like I think like Alfred or Alfred whatever whichever one of that is I think that actually comes with a clipboard manager built-in. So it's something I Think the clipboard managers are just awesome as you can tell It's just something that I've I've decided that I Kind of can't live without because I'm always going back through and saying I mean I copied something earlier, you know You know and I just need it and it's easier than having to go back through Firefox histories and try to find it So that's my my pick My keyboard see me passwords and stuff like that's not very good Yeah, it doesn't Yeah, it doesn't keep passwords So if you if you copy it from like a bit warden or key pass XC or whatever you use last pass It actually won't keep that in there or I'll keep it in there forever. However long the You know, you know how like those passwords expire It will also exploit a spire out of clip menu D. So you don't have to worry about them being saved Yeah, I've never noticed them being actually just saved Yeah, I've never ever checked my clipboard. I just clicked on it And so I got all my passwords to look into the various things in there So I'll copy and paste from one browser into another you say, but yeah, it sounds good You got yourself a terminal command in in the end. I Well, I mean come on Of course it I mean it would be against the rules if mine wasn't a terminal-based application Of course or a roll for your D menu. I always got to do something nerdy because I'm nerd All right, that is it for us this time. I'm actually let's see what we cover next next We're gonna be talking about GTK versus cute which one is better I'm not sure what where we'll come You know down on this one It's possible that we'll both say that they're both good Maybe we'll sit at both bed, but I have some thoughts. I'm sure you'll have some thoughts and we'll see you next time for that Discussion see you next time. See you later guys. Turn it up