 Thank you So I hope you all know where gotland is To get the context correct. We there are certain things I have to explain before I go further Gotland was like Sicily and And the other island in the Mediterranean this Trading part the trade went through they were the communicators. That's why gotland is so enormous rich The Gotland has got landing history has nothing to do with Swedish history They are two completely separate histories. The only thing is that they were neighbors, so history as neighbors and The the Gotlanders are later in the in the Byzantine sources called Varangians or variad and in the Byzantina in the Islamic in the Arabic sources. They are called Rues they came rowing on the Russian rivers and From that comes to use There were no Vikings in the Baltic Sea. There were no Vikings on the Russian rivers Vikings were Danes Norwegian they went with in the Baltic Sea. It was the Gotlanders who ruled The time I'm going to speak about is the the Roman time then they controlled that the Ember trade from the Kaliningrad area down to Achillea in In the Mediterranean That at that time here you can see here It says it says good tone as that that is more or less where the Gotlanders had trading places and Of course, there is still Depatic question did the goats come from Gotland or not the sweet things that came from Sweden Which is of course true or nonsense, but the Gotlanders had the trading places and Direct that diamond says that it's enough that it's only 10% of the ruling people who formed the gothic the gothic People and then they will have their name and their And their language You know they got the goats they called themselves good good Judah and They got lander and good dance and they got lander. They called themselves good and and our country is called good land So at the time here that we are talking about That way we have the Ember trade So you see that's up there where the the Gotlandic merchants were and that went all the way down to Achillea here. It is all the way down to to Rome of course, but and that is what is this described by what we call this Roman merchants that is depicted by Plenius and Tacitus that he came up here to the Baltic Sea and visited the most important places And it's no question that he's also visited Gotland where all this comes from So from at least the 16th century BC Ember was moved from northern Europe to the Mediterranean area the the breast ornament of the Egyptian power of Tutankhamun Contains large Baltic ember beads Heinrich Schlimann found Baltic ember beads in the scene as shown by spectroscopic investigation the quantity of ember in the royal tomb of Quartana, Syria is unparalleled for known second millennium BC sites in the Levant and the ancient Near East From the Black Sea trade could continue to Asia along the Silk Road Another ancient trade route In Roman times the main route that ran south from the Baltic coast Through the land of the Boyle. Okay, you can read that the old Prussian towns of Kaup and Susu on the Baltic were the starting points of the route to the south Kaliningrad Oblast is okay occasionally referred to in Russian as Something there which means the ember area this is the island north of Gotland called Forö and that is Gamlehem and there they found parts of a Roman ship That thing that's I don't know if I can keep going now Okay, it is a head that was on the thing around and this is from about the same time as Tarsitus and Prenews talks about So at this time here in Gotland, we had what we called slot This type of castle this is one of them our castle in the southwest of Sweden and I Will give you a little Better here you see how it looked like we have about hundred of them in Gotland and there We found that pressure This pressure here is all of that was in that thing there the golden ring is Large the nooks are very Fantastic pace, but the blind suit you can seal sir are all Stamped Kapo Which is outside Naples and they are from the first century which means that the golden ring is older than Then the rest of it. So we are talking about the first century and earlier here There you can see this golden ring Sorry, that is a maker. Sorry. Yeah, you can you can see that and that is a fantastic one It's about 800 grammar. So that is hollow. But anyway the interesting thing is that in Pompeii was a mosaic That now is in the museum in Naples and this is Darius in the battle of Issus against Alexander the Great and You see what he has around his neck that he has a golden ring, but it's not so elaborate as a gotlantic one and They are both Celtic to Torx of was normally also and you can see it here on the dying Galatian. He also have Have one of these Okay, and on that On the Gundestrup Cauldron you also see that you have that ring Around the neck there There is another one from 400 BC from France, which Is not in gold, but anyway, it's a similar type the Gotland is Art school of art was fantastic This one is later made In the three four hundreds you find it in in the earth land and but They consider it was made in gotlantic workshops and that is gold They got from the four three four hundreds coins that they melted that was there The Hans and also from the from East Constantinople and there There are another one and That is the yeah, this is simply one from the first one don't know where my name for fairies start and is of course in Ireland and Here we see here. We have the ships that they used here and on the pick Just don'ts you can see down that they are very similar to the ones they had on the night and these are Picture stones in Gotland from the second second third fourth century The picture stones are unique for Gotland also We find them down in in in Spain Portugal in Duero Valley But then they got lenders probably learned it learned it from them and then they made their picture stones We have a couple of hundred of them. This is very interesting. This picture stone here is from 292 Why I can tell you that is that picture stone is probably older But the thing up there is the Enke's comment and we know that that was visible in 292 so that was put on it when it was visible so and Here is another type of of picture stone and Here you can see the trading routes Gotland is in the center and that is a little later. No, that's the Varangian time As I said, there were no vikings in the Baltic Sea. There were no vikings on the Russian rivers There are no Swedes or Scandinavians in On the Russian rivers before 10 19 and I presume you all know what happened in 10 19 If not it was Jaros No, the he okay, what was the name was it Jarosov in Kiev? He killed his brother and became ruler and all of Shredkonin in Sweden sent his daughter there and married and she had Contingent of Swedish with that's the first Swedes we find in Russia Anyway, Gotland In 750 they had got on had a trading place on the Swedish mainland called Helga, but that was too small when the Islamic Caliphate moved their capital 762 from Damascus to Baghdad with a new dynasty and they found plenty of silver there They got lenders who knew the Russians rivers very well long long long before they went away there sold first slaves and Weapons and got paid in coins. Gotland has today the world's largest collections of coins most of them minted in Baghdad at the same time they moved that place in the Lake Miller area from Helga to Birka, which they found it more or less the same time. So Birka is a gotlantic trading place And it's next to the next island where the Swedish King lived So they traded this thing and and later on okay. They also traded with Khasaria And so on and of course down with me Claggarda Which is Constantinople and that one of the Barangian the gotlantic merchants That poor in the delegation 838 on the woman and of course that Their daughter then became mistress for Emperor Michael III and their son Leo became emperor in 836 under the name Leo the 6th wise So we have all this with the gotlantic trade here And that's why Gotland is so rich and of course then they were Christianized in 866 and Gotland was Byzantine not like in Sweden. They were Catholics got them was Byzantine Christian and the Gotlandic Church was under the Gotlandic Republic what I'm was a Republic if I didn't mention it before you can you can read about all of this here in On academia.edu my Said the last one okay Something happened. But anyway My my research is 1100 pages in English all about the Barangian history and their world unique churches The first one the history is 399 pages the one about the churches is 701 with 1400 photos I Have split it up hundred megabit each It's about 10 parts and I have put it all on academia.edu So you don't need to carry all this 4.6 kilos so you can read it direct on there Thank you