 section 12 of the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org recording by Caitlin Sticko the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing by Joseph Trenan's published in 1911 section 12 the language of flowers flowers may be combined and arranged so as to express even the nicest shades of sentiment if a flower is offered reversed its direct significance is likewise reversed so that the flower now means its opposite a rosebud divested of its thorns but retaining its leaves conveys the sentiment I fear no longer I hope stripped of leaves and thorns it signifies there is nothing to hope or fear a full blown rose placed over two buds signifies secrecy yes is implied by touching the flower given to the lips no by pinching off a petal and casting it away I am is expressed by a laurel leaf twined around the bouquet I have by an ivy leaf folded together I offer you by a leaf of Virginia creeper combinations and their meaning moss rosebud and myrtle a confession of love mignonette and colored daisy your qualities surpass your charms of beauty lily of the valley and ferns your unconscious sweetness has fascinated me yellow rose broken straw and ivy your jealousy has broken our friendship scarlet geranium passionflower purple hyacinth and Arbivite I trust you will find consolation through faith in your sorrow be assured of my unchanging friendship Columbine day lily broken straw which hazel and colored daisy your folly and carcattery have broken the spell of your beauty white pink canary grass and Laurel your talent and perseverance will win you glory golden rod and monk's head sweet pea and forget me not be cautious danger is near I depart soon forget me not significance of single flowers Arbivite unchanging friendship camellia white loveliness candy tuft indifference carnation deep red alas for my poor heart carnation white disdain China aster variety clover for leaf be mine clover white think of me clover red industry Columbine folly Columbine purple resolved to win daisy innocence dead leaves sadness deadly nightshade falsehood fern fascination forget me not true love and forget me not fuchsia scarlet taste geranium rose preference geranium scarlet consolation golden rod be cautious heliotrope devotion honeyflower love sweet and secret hyacinth white unobtrusive loveliness ivy fidelity ladies slipper win me and wear me lily day carcattery lily white sweetness lily yellow gaiety lily of the valley return of happiness meonet your qualities surpass your charm monk's head danger is near myrtle love oats the witching soul of music orange blossom chastity pansy thoughts passionflower faith peach blossom I am your captive pear affection primrose inconstancy quaking grass agitation rose love rose deep red bashful shame rose yellow jealousy rose white I am worthy of you rosebud moss confession of love shamrock light-heartedness straw agreement straw broken broken agreement sweet pea depart tuberose dangerous pleasures verbina pray for me witch hazel a spell alphabet of advice to writers a a word out of place spoils the most beautiful thought Voltaire be begin humbly labor faithfully be patient Elizabeth Stewart Phelps see cultivate accuracy in words and things a mass sound knowledge avoid all affectation write all topics which interest you FW Newman D don't be afraid fight right along hope right along SL Clemens E every good writer has much idiom it is the life and spirit of language W. S. Landor F follow this if you write from the heart you will write to the heart beacons field G genius may begin great works but only continued labor completes them to bear H. Half the writer's art consists in learning what to leave in the ink pot Stevenson I it is by suggestion not cumulation that profound impressions are made on the imagination Lowell J. Joy in one's work is an asset beyond the valuing in mere dollars CD Warner K. Keep writing and profit by criticism use for a motto Michelangelo's wise words genius is infinite patience L. M. Alcott L. Let me never tag a moral to a story nor tell a story without a meaning Van Dyke M. More failures come from vanity than carelessness Joseph Jefferson N. Never do a pot boiler let one of your best things go to boil the pot oh Henry oh originality does not mean oddity but freshness it means vitality not novelty Norman Hapgood P. Pluck feathers from the wings of your imagination and stick them in the tail of your judgment Horace Greeley Q. Quintessence approximates genius gather much thought into few words Schopenhauer R. Revise revise revise ee hail S. Simplicity has been held a mark of truth it is also a mark of genius Carlisle T. The first principle of composition of whatever sort is that it should be natural and appear to have happened so Frederick Macmonies you utilize your enthusiasm get the habit of happiness in your work beverage V. Very few voices but sound repellent under violent exertion lessing W. Whatever in this world one has to say there is a word and just one word to express it seek that out and use it. De ma poisson why yes yes believe me you must draw your pen not once not twice but earn or again through what you've written if you would entice the man who reads you once to read you twice Horace Connington T. R. Zee Zeele with scanty capacity often accomplishes more than capacity with no zeal at all George Elliott what different eyes indicate the long almond shaped eye with thick eyelids covering nearly half of the pupil when taken in connection with the full brow is indicative of genius and is often found in artists literary and scientific men it is the eye of talent or impress ability the large open transparent eye of whatever color is indicative of elegance of taste of refinement of wit of intelligence weakly marked eyebrows indicate a feeble constitution and a tendency to melancholia deep sunken eyes are selfish while eyes in which the whole iris shows indicate erraticism if not lunacy round eyes are indicative of innocence strongly protubant eyes of weakness of both mind and body eyes small and close together typify cunning while those far apart and open indicate frankness the normal distance between the eyes is the width of one eye a distance greater or less than this intensifies the character supposed to be symbolized sharp angles turning down at the corners of the eyes are seen in persons of acute judgment and penetration well-opened steady eyes belong to the sincere wide staring eyes to the impertinent the mysteries of palmistry the following points upon which the science of palmistry is based explain its mysteries and will be found very interesting amusing and instructive form of the hand hands are classed into seven types each of which is illustrated by the cuts on the preceding page and described as follows plate one the elementary or bilious hand indicating brutal instinct instead of reason as the governing power of the character the plate that this text refers to is of a hand showing heavy short fingers small short nails and a short thumb the palm is small and square return to text plate to the square or Jupiter hand indicating a practical stubborn methodical and conventional character one apt to be suspicious of strangers and radical in views the plate that this text refers to is of a hand showing a wide square palm a thick square wrist squared off fingertips and a very fat short thumb return to text plate three the spatula or nervous hand so named because of its imagined resemblance to a spatula it is broad at the base of the fingers and indicates great energy and push to discover also courage and fearlessness the plate that this text refers to is of a hand showing fingers and nails flattened like a spatula the thumb is long and tapered return to text plate for the philosophic or Venus hand has a long thin muscular palm with long naughty fingers indicates a student of nature and a searcher after truth the plate that this text refers to is of a long irregular looking hand with very naughty joints long bony fingers and nails shaped like squat cones return to text plate five the mercury or artistic hand indicates quick temper impulsiveness a character that is light hearted gay and charitable today and tomorrow sad tearful and uncharitable the plate that this text refers to is of a hand with smooth fingers a long palm and unusually long large thumb return to text plate six the lunar or idealistic hand indicates an extremely sensitive nature the plate that this text refers to is of a small slender hand with tapering fingers and a sharply tapered thumb return to text plate seven the harmonic or solar hand indicates a character of great versatility brilliant in conversation and an adept in diplomacy the plate that this text refers to is a hand of ordinary proportions somewhat squared but not thick with a well proportioned thumb return to text the fingers for fortune telling the fingers from first to fourth are designated as Jupiter Saturn Apollo and Mercury note the cut on the preceding page representing the different types of fingers numbered from one to eleven one large fingers indicate a person of vulgar tastes and a cruel selfish disposition two small thin fingers indicate a keen quick acting mind and a person not very particular about personal appearance three long lean fingers indicate an inquiring disposition love of details and narrative short fingers imply simple tastes and selfishness four fat fingers largely developed at base indicate sensualness if small at the base the reverse five smooth fingers indicate artistic ability six knotty fingers indicate truthfulness and good order in business affairs seven pointed fingers indicate a very magnetic and enthusiastic personality eight square fingers indicate a strong mind regularity and love of good order nine spatula eight fingers indicate a character of positiveness in opinions and lacking in gentleness ten fingers of mixed shape indicate a harmonious disposition with the ability to easily adapt oneself to all conditions eleven obtuse fingers indicate course and cruel sensibilities the phalanges of the fingers see plate eight one two three the phalanges of the thumb four five six repeated on each finger indicate the phalanges of the four fingers the plate that this text refers to numbers the phalanges of the fingers and thumb from the tip to the base return to text the mounts of the hands c plate nine a Mount Venus b Mount Jupiter c Mount Saturn d Mount Apollo e Mount Mercury f Mount Luna g Mount Mars the plate that this text refers to marks the fleshy bases of each digit as follows the thumb as Mount Venus the first or pointer finger as Mount Jupiter the middle finger as Mount Saturn the ring finger as Mount Apollo and the pinky finger as Mount Mercury the fleshy base opposite the thumb is marked as Mount Luna and Mount Mars is marked as both the space between this and the pinky finger and also the thumb mount and the pointer mount in other words Mount Mars is marked as the middle of both sides of the palm return to text the shape and length of the phalanges represent certain qualities and features of the character as presented in the following Jupiter the first finger if the phalange is no longer than the second it indicates ability to control others direct and maintain order if the second phalange is long and well developed it indicates leadership if short and thin intellectual weakness if the third phalanges long it indicates love of power in material things Saturn second finger if the first phalange is longer than the second it indicates ability for mastering scientific subjects if the second phalanges long it indicates great interest in subjects requiring deep study if the third phalanges long it indicates a love of metaphysics and money Apollo third finger if the first phalange is longer than the second it indicates love of arts if the second phalanges longer it indicates success and love of riches if the third phalange is thick it indicates an inherent talent of the arts Mercury fourth finger if the first phalange is longer than the second it indicates a taste for and love of research if the second phalange is long and well developed it indicates industrious habits if the third phalange is long and fat it indicates a desire for the comforts of life the mountains these are points or elevations on the palm Mount Venus if prominent indicates a person of strong passions great energy in business and admiration of physical beauty and the opposite sex it also indicates love of children home and wife or husband when not well developed there is a lack of love for home children wife or husband and in a man it indicates egotism and laziness in a woman hysteria Mount Jupiter if prominent indicates a person who is generous loves power and is brilliant in conversation if a woman she desires to shine and be a social leader when not well developed it indicates lack of self-esteem slovenliness and indifference to personal appearance Mount Saturn if prominent indicates a serious minded person religiously inclined slow to reach a conclusion very prudent free in the expression of opinions but inclined to be pessimistic Mount Apollo if prominent indicates ability as an artist generosity courageousness and a poetical nature apt to be a spendthrift when not well developed it indicates cautiousness and prudence Mount Mercury if prominent indicates keen perceptions cleverness and conversation a talent for the sciences industry and deceitfulness if not well developed it indicates a phlegmatic stupid disposition Mount Luna if prominent indicates a dreamy changeable capricious enthusiastic and inventive nature when not well developed it indicates constancy love of home and ability to imitate others Mount Mars if prominent indicates self-respect coolness and control of self under trying circumstances courage venturesiveness and confidence in one's ability for anything undertaken when not well developed it indicates the opposite of these characteristics lines on the hand if the lines on the hand are not well defined this fact indicates poor health deep red lines indicate good robust health yellow lines indicate excessive biliousness dark colored lines indicate a melancholy and reserve disposition the lifeline extends from the outer base of Mount Jupiter entirely around the base of Mount Venus the lifeline extends from the outer base of Mount Jupiter entirely around the base of Mount Venus if chained under Jupiter it indicates bad health in early life hairlines extending from it imply weakness and if cut by small lines from Mount Venus misplaced affections and domestic broils if arising from Mount Jupiter an ambition is to be wealthy and learned if it is joined by the line of the head at its beginning prudence and wisdom are indicated if it joins heart and headlines at its commencement a great catastrophe will be experienced by the person so marked a square on it denotes success all lines that follow give it strength lines that cut the lifeline extending through the heartline denote interference in a love affair if it is crossed by small lines illness is indicated short and badly drawn lines unequal in size imply bad blood and a tendency to fevers the heartline if it extends across the hand at the base of the finger mounts and is deep and well defined indicates purity and devotion if well defined from the Mount of Jupiter only a jealous and tyrannical disposition is indicated if it begins at Mount Saturn and is without branches it is a fatal sign if short and well defined in the harmonic type of hand it indicates intense affection when it is reciprocated if short on the mercury type of hand it implies deep interest in intellectual pursuits if short and deep in the elementary type hand it implies the disposition to satisfy desire by brutal force instead of by love the headline is parallel to the heartline and forms the second branch of the letter M generally very plain in most hands if long and deep it indicates ability to care for oneself if hairlines are attached to it mental worry if it divides toward mount mercury love affairs will be first and business secondary if well defined its whole length it implies a well balanced brain a line from it extending into a star on mount Jupiter great versatility pride and love for knowledge are indicated if it extends to mount luna great interest in occult studies is implied separated from the lifeline indicates aggressiveness if it is broken death is indicated from an injury in the head the ras sets are lines across the wrist where the palm joins it it is claimed they indicate length of life if straight it is a good sign one rascallet indicates 30 years of life two lines 60 three lines 90 the fate line commences at ras sets and if it extends straight mount Saturn uninterrupted and alike in both hands good luck and success are realized without personal exertion if not in one hand and interrupted in the other success will be experienced only by great effort if well defined at the wrist the early life is bright and promising if broken in the center misery for middle life is indicated if this line touches mounts luna and venus it indicates a good disposition and wealth if inclined toward any mount it implies success in that line for which the mount stands if it is made up of disconnected links it indicates serious physical and moral struggles should it end at heartline the life has been ruined by unrequited love if it runs through a square the life has been in danger and saved should it merge into the heartline and continue to mount Jupiter it denotes distinction and power secured through love the girdle of venus is a curved line extending from mount Jupiter to mercury encircling Saturn and Apollo it appears on few hands but it indicates superior intellect a sensitive and capricious nature if it extends to base of Jupiter it denotes divorce ending in mercury implies great energy should it be cut by parallel lines in a man it indicates a hard drinker and gambler lines of reputation commencing in the middle of the hand at the headline mount luna or mount mars indicate financial success from intellectual pursuits after years of struggling with adversity if from heartline real love of occupation and success if from headline success from selfishness an island on this line denotes loss of character a start on it near apollo implies that success will be permanent and a square brilliant success the absence of this line implies a struggle for recognition of one's abilities line of intuition beginning at the base of mount mercury extends around mars and luna it is frequently found in the venus mercury and luna types of hands when deeply dented with a triangle on mount Saturn it denotes clairvoyant power if it forms a triangle with fate line or lifeline a voyage will be taken healthline commences at the center of the resets takes an oblique course from the fate line ending towards mount mercury if straight and well-defined there is little liability to constitutional diseases when it does not extend to headline steady mental labor cannot be performed when it is broad and deep on mount mercury diminishing as it enters the lifeline death from heart disease is indicated small lines cutting it denote sickness from biliousness when joined to the heartline health and business are neglected for love if made up of short fine lines there is a suffering from stomach catar if it is checked by islands there is a constitutional tendency to lung disease marriage lines extend straight across mount mercury if short affairs of the heart without marriage are denoted when near heartline early marriage is indicated if it turns directly to heartline marriage will occur between the ages of 16 and 21 if close to the top of the mount marriage will not take place before the 35th year if it curves upward it indicates a single life when pronged and running toward the center or to mount mars divorce will occur if at the end this line droops the subject will outlive wife or husband if broken divorce is implied if it ends in a cross the wife or husband will die from an accident a branch from this line upward implies a high position attained by marriage a black spot on this line means widowhood children's lines are small and upright extending from the end of marriage lines if broad and well-defined males if fine and narrow females are indicated a line of this order that is deep and well-defined denotes prominence for that child small lines have a signification depending upon their position and number a single line on Jupiter signifies success on Saturn happiness on Apollo fame and talent ascending small lines are favorable while descending lines are unfavorable signs several small lines on mars indicate warfare constantly cross lines failure end of section 12 section 13 of 43 the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org this recording is by Sue Ann Dozier the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing by Joseph Treenins published 1911 section 13 riddles old and new they have feet but they walk not stoves eyes they have but they see not potatoes noses have they but they smell not teapots mouths have they but they taste not rivers hands have they but they handle not clocks ears have they but they hear not corn stalks tongues have they but they talk not wagons what thing is that which is lengthened by being cut at both ends a ditch why do we all go to bed because the bed will not come to us why is Paris like the letter f because it is the capital of France in which month do ladies talk least in February why is a room full of married people like an empty room there is not a single person in it why is a peach stone like a regiment it has a kernel why is an island like the letter t because it is in the midst of water why is a beehive like a spectator because it is a beeholder what is that which a train cannot move without and yet is not the least used to it a noise when is a man overhead and ears in debt when the hat he has on is not paid for why is a man led astray like one governed by a girl he is misled why is a Jew in a fever like a diamond he is a jewel why are fixed stars like pen ink and paper they are stationary what is that which is always invisible and never out of sight the letter i why is a cook like a barber he dresses hair why is a waiter like a racehorse he often runs for a plate or a cup why is a madman like two men he is one beside himself why is a good story like a church bell it is often told what is the weight of the moon four quarters what sea would make the best bedroom Adriatic or a dry attic why is ireland likely to become rich because the capital is always Dublin what two letters make a county in massachusetts sx or sx why is a good saloon like a bad one both inconvenient why do dentists make good politicians because they have a great pool why is the Hudson like a shoe because it is a great place for toes why is a race at a circus like a big conflagration because the heat is intense which is the left side of a plum pudding the part that is not eaten why is a man who runs in debt like a clock he goes on tick why is the wick of a candle like Athens it is in the midst of Greece why are deep sides like long stockings hi hoes what occupation is the sun a tanner why are your eyes like stage horses they are always under lashes why are your teeth like verbs regular irregular and effective what word makes you sick if you leave out one of its letters music what word of 10 letters can be spelled with five expediency xp d and c why should redheaded men be chosen for soldiers they carry firelocks why is the letter d like a sailor it follows the c why is a theological student like a merchant both study the prophets if the alphabet were invited out to dine what time would u v w x y and z go after t how can you take one from nineteen and leave twenty one roman numeral x i x becomes x x last words of famous men and women tis well george washington tet darmay napoleon i thank god that i have done my duty admiral nelson i pray thee see me safe up but for my coming down i can shift for myself were the last words of sir thomas more when ascending the scaffold god bless you dr johnson i have finished hogarth dying dying thomas hood drop the curtain the farce is played out robel a i am what i am i am what i am swift i still live daniel webster how grand these rays they seem to beckon earth to heaven humble it is now time that we depart i to die you to live but which is the better destination is unknown socrates adieu my dear moran i am dying vote here my beautiful flowers my beautiful flowers richter james take good care of the horse winfield scott many things are becoming clearer to me schiller i feel the daisies growing over me john keats what is there no bribing death cardinal buford taking a leap in the dark oh mystery thomas pain there is not a drop of blood on my hands frederick v i am taking a fearful leap in the dark thomas hobs don't let that awkward squad fire over my grave burns hear veteran if you think it right strike cicero my days are passed as a shadow that returns not our hooker i thought that dying would be more difficult louis the 14th oh lord forgive me especially my sins of omission usher let me die to the sounds of delicious music mirabeau it is small very small alluding to her neck and bulin let me hear those notes so long my solace and delight mozart we are as near heaven by sea as by land sir humphrey gilbert i do not sleep i wish to meet death awake maria teresa i resign my soul to god my daughter to my country jefferson toasts and sentiments merit to gain a heart and sense to keep it money to him that has spirit to use it more friends and less need of them may those who deceive us always be deceived may the sword of justice be swayed by the hand of mercy may the brow of the brave never want a wreath of laurel may we be slaves to nothing but our duty and friends to nothing but real merit may he that turns his back on his friends fall into the hands of his enemy may honor be the commander when love takes the field may reason guide the helm when passion blows the gale may those who enslave become slaves themselves may genius and merit never want a friend may the road of happiness be lighted by virtue may life last as long as it is worth wearing may we never murmur without a cause and never have a cause to murmur may the eye that drops for the misfortunes of others never shed a tear for its own may the lovers of the fair sex never want means to support and spirit to defend them may the tear of misery be dried by the hand of commissuration may the voyage of life end in the haven of happiness provision to the unprovided peace and honest friendship with all nations entangling alliances with none riches to the generous and power to the merciful short shoes and long corns to the enemies of freedom success to the lover and joy to the beloved the life we love and with whom we love the friend we love and the women we dare trust the union of two fond hearts the lovers of honor and honorable lovers the unity of hearts in the union of hands the liberty of the press without licentiousness the virtuous fair and the fair virtuous the road to honor through the planes of virtue the hero of saratoga may his memory animate the breast of every american the americans triumvirate love honor and liberty the memory of washington may the example of the new world regenerate the old wit without virulence wine without excess and wisdom without affectation what charms arms and disarms home pleasant and our friends at home woman she needs no eulogy she speaks for herself friendship may its lamp ever be supplied by the oil of truth and fidelity the american navy may it ever sail on the sea of glory may those who are discontented with their own country leave their country for their country's good discretion in speech is more than eloquence may we always remember these three things the manner the place and the time here's a sigh to those who love me and a smile to those who hate me and whatever skies above me here's a heart for every fate worth the last drop in the well as i gasped upon the brink ere my fainting spirit fell tis to thee that i would drink byron caddy's toast to urmione here's to the health of your royal anus handmade the skin i had gooseberry be big enough for hen umbrella to cover haul your enemies here's to the girl i love and here's to the girl who loves me and here's to all that love her whom i love and all those that love her who love me i will drink to the woman who wrought my woe in the diamond morning of long ago to the splendor caught from orient skies that thrilled in the dark of her hazel eyes her large eyes filled with the fire of the south and the dewy wine of her warm red mouth winter may those that are single get wives to their mind and those that are married true happiness find here's a health to me and mine not forgetting the and thine and when thou and thine come to see me and mine may we in mind make the and thine as welcome as thou and thine have ever made me and mine industry the right hand of fortune the grave of care and the cradle of content here's to the prettiest here's to the wittiest here's to the truest of all who are true here's to the sweetest here's to them all in one here's to you our country may she always be in the right but right or wrong our country steve indicator here's to our sweethearts and wives may our sweethearts soon become our wives and our wives ever remain our sweethearts here's to the girls of the american shore i love but one i love no more since she's not here to drink her part i drink her share with all my heart here's to the one and only one and may that one be she who loves but one and only one and may that one be me a glass is good and a glass is good and a pipe to smoke in cold weather the world is good and the people are good and we're all good fellows together yesterday's yesterday while today's here today is today till tomorrow appear tomorrow's tomorrow until today's past and kisses are kisses as long as they last our country to her we drink for her we pray our voices silent never for her will fight come what may and stars and stripes forever woman the fairest work of the great author the addition is large and no man should be without a copy drink to me only with thine eyes and i will pledge the mine or leave a kiss within the cup and i'll not look for wine the thirst that from the soul death rise death ask a drink divine but might i have joe's nectar sip i would not change from thine ben johnson drink today and drown all sorrow you shall perhaps not do tomorrow best while you have it use your breath there is no drinking after death bowmont and fletcher home the father's kingdom the child's paradise the mother's world here's to those i love here's to those who love me here's to those who love those i love and here's to those who love those who love those who love me weed is favorite toast a little health a little wealth a little house and freedom with some friends for certain ends but little cause to need them here's to the lasses we've loved my lad here's to the lips we've pressed for if kisses and lasses like liquor and glasses the last is always the best come in the evening come in the morning come when you're looked for come without warning here's to a long life and a merry one a quick death and an easy one a pretty girl and a true one a cold bottle and another one the man we love he who thinks the most and speaks the least ill of his neighbor false friends may we never have friends who like shadows keep close to us in the sunshine only to desert us on a cloudy day or in the night here's to those who'd love us if only we cared here's to those we'd love if only we dared here's to one another and one other whoever he or she may be the world is filled with flowers and flowers are filled with do and do is filled with love and you and you and you here's to you as good as you are and to me as bad as i am and as good as you are and as bad as i am i'm as good as you are as bad as i am the law the only thing certain about litigation is its uncertainty the lawyer learned gentlemen who rescues your estate from your enemies and keeps it for himself a spread eagle toast the boundaries of our country east by the rising sun north by the north pole west by all creation south by the day of judgment when going up the bill of prosperity may you never meet a friend coming down may the hinges of friendship never grow rusty come come good wine is a familiar creature if it be well used Shakespeare shall i ask the brave soldier who fights by my side in the cause of mankind whether our creeds agree may all single men be married and all married men be happy our country's emblem the lily of france may fade the thistle and shamrock wither the oak of england may decay but the stars shine on forever the good things of the world parson's are preaching for them lawyers are pleading for them physicians are prescribing for them authors are writing for them soldiers are fighting for them but true philosophers alone are enjoying them my life has been like sunny skies when they are fair to view but they're never yet where lives or skies clouds might not wander through the three great american generals general peace general prosperity and general satisfaction america our hearts our hopes are all with thee our hearts our hopes our prayers our tears our faith triumphant or our fears are all with thee are all with thee our national birds the american eagle the thanksgiving turkey may one give us peace in all our states and the other a piece for all our plates opportunity master of human destinies am i fame love and fortune on my footsteps weight cities and fields i walk i penetrate deserts and seas remote and passing by hovel and mart and palace sooner late i knock on bidden at once at every gate if sleeping wake if feasting rise before i turn away it is the hour of fate and they who follow me reach every state mortals desire and conquer every foe condemned to failure pinery and woe save death but those who doubt or hesitate seek me in vain and uselessly implore i answer not and i return no more john j engels a health to our dearest may their purses always be heavy and their hearts always light an irishman's toast here's to the land of the shamrock so green here's to the lad and his calling so green here's to the ones we love dearest and most and may god save old ireland that's an irishman's toast here's a health to the future aside to the past we can love and remember and hope to the last and for all the base lies that the almanacs hold while there's love in the heart we can never grow old some hey meat and cannot eat and some what eat who want it but we hey meat and we can eat so let the lord be thank it burns a little health a little wealth a little house and freedom with some few friends for certain ends but little cause to need them if i were a raindrop and you a leaf i would burst from the cloud above you and lie on your breast in a rapture of rest and love you love you love you if i were a brown bee and you were a rose i would fly to you love nor miss you i would sip and sip from your nectared lip and kiss you kiss you kiss you ella wheeler wilcox and three women strange is it not that the myriads who before us passed the door of darkness through not one returns to tell us of the road which to discover we must travel to omar away with the flimsy idea that life with the past is attended there is now only now and no past there's never a past it has ended away with the obsolete story and all of its yesterday sorrow there's only today almost gone and in front of today stands tomorrow eugene where god made man frail as a bubble god made love love made trouble god made the vine was it a sin that man made wine to drown trouble in my character may be my own but my reputation belongs to any old body that enjoys gossiping more than telling the truth may your joy be as deep as the ocean your trouble as light as its foam the man that has no music in himself nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds is fit for treasons stratogens and spoils the motions of his spirit are dull as night and his affections dark as arabus let no man be trusted mark the music shakespeare see the mountains kiss the high heaven and the waves clasp one another no sister flower would be forgiven if it disdained its brother and the sunlight clasps the earth and the moonbeams kiss the sea what are all these kissings worth if thou kiss not me per se best shelly just a worry in for you all the time of feeling blue wishing for you wondering when you'll be coming home again restless don't know what to do just a weary in for you frank stanton here's to love the worker of miracles he strengthens the week and weakens the strong he turns wise men into fools and fools into wise men he feeds the passions and destroys reason and plays havoc among young and old marguerite de valois goodbye god bless you i like the anglo-saxon speech with its direct revealing it takes a hold and seems to reach way down into our feelings that some rude deem it rude i know and therefore they abuse it but i have never found it so before all else i choose it i don't object that man should air the gollic that they paid for the au revoir adieu must share for that's what french was made for but when a crony takes your hand at parting to address you he drops all foreign lingo and he says goodbye god bless you eugene field language of precious stones the ancients attributed marvelous properties to many of the precious stones we give in tabular form the different months and the stones sacred to them as generally accepted with their respective meanings it has been customary among lovers and friends to notice the significance attached to the various stones in making birthday engagement and wedding presents january garnet constancy and fidelity in every engagement february amethyst preventive against violent passions march bloodstone courage wisdom and firmness in affection april sapphire free from enchantment denotes repentance may emerald discovers false friends and ensures true love june agate ensures long life health and prosperity july ruby discovers poison corrects evils resulting from mistaken friendship august sardonyx ensures conjugal felicity september chrysalite free from all evil passions and sadness of the mind october opal denotes hope and sharpens the sight and faith of the processor november topaz fidelity and friendship prevents bad dreams december turquoise prosperity and love tiffany's list of birthstones is somewhat different from the above and is given below birthstones as given by tiffany and company january garnet february amethyst hyacinth and pearl march jasper bloodstone april diamond sapphire may emerald agate june cat's eye turquoise agate july turquoise and onyx august sardonyx cornelian moonstone topaz september chrysalite october barrel opal november topaz pearl december ruby bloodstone and of section 13 recording by suan doger kansas city kansas april 12 2007 section 14 of the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing by joseph trinan's published in 1911 section 14 grammar spelling and pronunciation 500 common errors corrected concise rules for the proper use of words in writing or speaking the most objectionable errors in speaking or writing are those in which words are employed that are unsuitable to convey the meaning intended thus a person wishing to express his intention of going to a given place says i propose going when in fact he purposes going the following affords an amusing illustration of this class of error a venerable matron was speaking of her son who she said was quite stage-struck in fact remarked the old lady he is going to a premature performance this evening considering that most amateur performances are premature it cannot be said that this word was altogether misapplied though evidently the maternal intention was to convey quite another meaning other errors arise from the substitution of sounds similar to the words which should be employed that is spurious words instead of genious ones thus some people say renumerative when they mean remunerative a nurse recommending her mistress to have a perambulator for her child advised her to purchase a pre-amputator other errors are occasioned by imperfect knowledge of english grammar thus many people say between you and i instead of between you and me and there are numerous other departures from the rules of grammar which will be pointed out hereafter misuse of the adjective what beautiful butter with a nice landscape they should say what a beautiful landscape what nice butter again errors are frequently occasioned by the following causes mispronunciation of words many persons say pronunciation instead of pronunciation others say pronunciation instead of pronunciation misdivision of words and syllables this defect makes the words an ambassador sound like a nambasador or an adder like a natter imperfect annunciation as when a person says heaven for heaven ever forever chocolate for chocolate to correct these errors by a systematic course of study would involve a closer application than most persons could afford but the simple and concise rules and hints here given found it upon usage and the authority of scholars will be of great assistance to inquires english grammar in a nutshell who and whom are used in relation to persons and which in relation to things but it was once common to say the man which this should now be avoided it is now usual to say our father who art in heaven instead of which art in heaven whose is however sometimes supplied to things as well as to persons we may therefore say the country whose inhabitants are free thou is employed in solemn discourse and you in common language ye plural is also used in serious addresses and you in familiar language the uses of the word it are various and very perplexing to the uneducated it is not only used to imply persons but things and even ideas and therefore in speaking or writing its assistance is constantly required the perplexity respecting this word arises from the fact that in using it in the construction of a long sentence sufficient care is not taken to ensure that when it is employed it really points out or refers to the objects intended for instance it was raining when john set out in his car to go to market and he was delayed so long that it was over before he arrived now what is to be understood by this sentence was the rain over or the market either or both might be inferred from the construction of the sentence which therefore should be written thus it was raining when john set out in his cart to go to market and he was delayed so long that the market was over before he arrived rule after writing a sentence always look through it and see that wherever the word it is employed it refers to or carries the mind back to the object which it is intended to point out the general distinction between this and that may be thus defined this denotes an object present or near in time or place that something which is absent these refers in the same manner to present objects while those refers to things that are remote who changes under certain conditions into whose and whom but that in which always remained the same with the exception of the possessive case as noted above that may be applied to nouns or subjects of all sorts as the girl that went to school the dog that bit me the opinion that he entertains the misuse of these pronouns gives rise to more errors in speaking and writing than any other cause when you wish to distinguish between two or more persons say which is the happy man not who which of these ladies do you admire instead of whom do you think him to be say who do you think him to be whom should i see to whom do you speak who said so who gave it to you of whom did you procure them who was he who do men say that i am self should never be added to his their mine or thine each is used to denote every individual of a number every denotes all the individuals of a number either and or denote an alternative i will take either road at your pleasure i will take this or that neither means not either and nor means not the other either is sometimes used for each two thieves were crucified on either side one let each esteem others as good as themselves should be let each esteem others as good as himself there are bodies each of which are so small should be each of which is so small do not use double superlatives such as most straightest most highest most finest the term worser has gone out of use but lesser is still retained the use of such word as chiefest extremist etc has become obsolete because they do not give any superior force to the meanings of the primary words chief extreme etc such expressions as more impossible more indispensable more universal more uncontrollable more unlimited etc are objectionable as they really infeable the meaning which it is the object of the speaker or writer to strengthen for instance impossible gains no strength by rendering it more impossible this class of error is common with persons who say a great large house a great big animal a little small foot a tiny little hand here there and where originally denoting place may now by common consent be used to denote other meanings such as there i agree with you where we differ we find pain where we expected pleasure here you mistake me hence whence and thence denoting departure etc may be used without the word from the idea of from is included in the word whence therefore it is unnecessary to say from whence hither thither and wither denoting to a place have generally been superseded by here there and where but there is no good reason why they should not be employed if however they are used it is unnecessary to add the word to because that is implied whither are you going where are you going each of these sentences is complete to say where you're going to is redundant two negatives destroy each other and produce an affirmative nor did he not observe them conveys the idea that he did observe them but negative assertions are allowable his manners are not impolite which implies that his manners are in some degree marked by politeness instead of let you and i say let you and me instead of i am not so tall as him say i am not so tall as he when asked who is there do not answer me but i instead of for you and i say for you and me instead of says i say i said instead of you are taller than me say you are taller than i instead of i ain't or i am not say i am not instead of whether i be present or no say whether i be present or not for not that i know on say not that i know instead of was i to do so say were i to do so instead of i would do the same if i was him say i would do the same if i were he instead of i had us leave go myself say i would have soon go myself or i would rather it is better to say six weeks ago than six weeks back it is better to say since which time then since when it is better to say i repeated it then i said so over again instead of he was too young to have suffered much say he was too young to suffer much instead of less friends say fewer friends less refers to quantity instead of a quantity of people say a number of people instead of he and they we know say him and them instead of as far as i can see say so far as i can see instead of a new pair of gloves say a pair of new gloves instead of i hope you'll think nothing on it say i hope you'll think nothing of it instead of restore it back to me say restore it to me instead of i suspect the veracity of his story say i doubt the truth of his story instead of i seldom or ever see him say i seldom see him instead of i expected to have found him say i expected to find him instead of who learns you music say who teaches you music instead of i never sing whenever i can help it say i never sing when i can help it instead of before i do that i must first ask leave say before i do that i must ask leave instead of saying the observation of the rule say the observance of the rule instead of a man of eighty years of age say a man eighty years old instead of here lays his honored head say here lies his honored head instead of he died from negligence say he died through neglect or in consequence of neglect instead of apples are plenty say apples are plentiful instead of the latter end of the year say the end or the close of the year instead of the then government say the government of that age or century or year or time instead of a couple of chairs say two chairs instead of they are united together in the bonds of matrimony say they are united in matrimony or they are married instead of we travel slow say we travel slowly instead of he plunged down into the river say he plunged into the river instead of he jumped from off the scaffolding say he jumped off the scaffolding instead of he came the last of all say he came the last instead of universal with reference to things that have any limit say general generally approved instead of universally approved generally beloved instead of universally beloved instead of they ruined one another say they ruined each other instead of if in case i succeed say if i succeed instead of a large enough room say a room large enough instead of i am slight in comparison to you say i am slight in comparison with you instead of i went for to see him say i went to see him instead of the cake is all eat up say the cake is all eaten instead of handsome is as handsome does say handsome is who handsome does instead of the book fell on the floor say the book fell to the floor instead of his opinions are approved of by all say his opinions are approved by all instead of i will add one more argument say i will add one argument more or another argument instead of a sad curse is war say war is a sad curse instead of he stands six foot high say he measures six feet or his height is six feet instead of i go every now and then say i go sometimes or often instead of who finds him in clothes say who provides him with clothes say the first two and the last two instead of the two first the two last instead of his health was drank with enthusiasm say his health was drunk enthusiastically instead of except i am prevented say unless i am prevented instead of in its primary sense say in its primitive sense instead of it grieves me to see you say i am grieved to see you instead of give me them papers say give me those papers instead of those papers i hold in my hand say these papers i hold in my hand instead of i could scarcely imagine but what say i could scarcely imagine that instead of he was a man notorious for his benevolence say he was noted for his benevolence instead of she was a woman celebrated for her crimes say she was notorious on account of her crimes instead of what may your name say what is your name instead of i lifted it up say i lifted it instead of it is equally of the same value say it is of the same value or equal value instead of i knew it previous to your telling me say i knew it previously to your telling me instead of you was out when i called say you were out when i called instead of i thought i should have won this game say i thought i should win this game instead of this much is certain say thus much is certain or so much is certain instead of he went away as it may be yesterday week say he went away yesterday week instead of he came the saturday as it may be before the monday specify the saturday on which he came instead of put your watch in your pocket say put your watch into your pocket instead of he has got riches say he has riches instead of will you set down say will you sit down instead of no thank you say no thank you instead of i cannot do it without father means say i cannot do it without further means instead of no sooner but or no other but say van instead of nobody else but her say nobody but her instead of he fell down from the balloon say he fell from the balloon instead of he rose up from the ground say he rose from the ground instead of these kind of oranges are not good say this kind of oranges is not good instead of somehow or another say somehow or other instead of will i give you some more tea say shall i give you some more tea instead of oh dear what will i do say oh dear what shall i do instead of i think indifferent of it say i think indifferently of it instead of i will send it conformable to your orders say i will send it conformably to your orders instead of to be given away gratis say to be given away instead of will you enter in say will you enter instead of this three days or more say these three days or more instead of he is a bad grammarian say he is not a grammarian instead of we accuse him for say we accuse him of instead of we acquit him from say we acquit him of instead of i am a verse from that say i am a verse to that instead of i confide on you say i confide in you instead of as soon as ever say as soon as instead of the very best or the very worst say the best or the worst avoid such phrases as no great shakes nothing to boast of down in my boots suffering from the blues all such sentences indicate vulgarity instead of no one hasn't called say no one has called instead of you have a right to pay me say it is right that you should pay me instead of i'm going over the bridge say i'm going across the bridge instead of i should just think i could say i think i can instead of there has been a good deal say there has been much instead of the effort you are making for meeting the bill say the effort you are making to meet the bill to say do not give him no more of your money is equivalent to saying give him some of your money say do not give him any of your money instead of saying they are not what nature designed them say they are not what nature designed them to be instead of saying i had not the pleasure of hearing his sentiments when i wrote that letter say i had not the pleasure of having heard etc instead of the quality of the apples were good say the quality of the apples was good instead of the want of learning courage and energy are more visible say is more visible instead of we die for want say we die of want instead of he died by fever say he died of fever instead of i enjoy bad health say my health is not good instead of either of the three say any one of the three instead of better nor that say better than that instead of we often think on you say we often think of you instead of mine is so good as yours say mine is as good as yours instead of this town is not as large as we thought say this town is not so large as we thought instead of because why say why instead of that their boy say that boy instead of the subject matter of debate say the subject of debate instead of saying when he was come back say when he had come back instead of saying his health has been shook say his health has been shaken instead of saying it was spoken in my presence say it was spoken in my presence instead of very right or very wrong say right or wrong instead of the mortgager paid him the money say the mortgagee paid him the money the mortgagee lends the mortgage or borrows instead of i took you to be another person say i mistook you for another person instead of on either side of the river say on each side of the river instead of there's fifty say there are fifty instead of the best of the two say the better of the two instead of my clothes have become too small for me say i have grown too stout for my clothes instead of two spoons full of physics say two spoonfuls of physics instead of she said says she say she said avoid such phrases as i said says i thinks i to myself etc instead of i don't think so say i think not instead of he was in eminent danger say he was in imminent danger instead of the weather is hot say the weather is very warm instead of i sweat say i perspire instead of i only want two dollars say i want only two dollars instead of what some ever say whatever or whatsoever avoid such exclamations as god bless me god deliver me by god by gosh holy lord upon my soul etc which are vulgar on the one hand and safer of impiety on the other for thou shalt not take the name of the lord thy god in vain end of section 14 section 15 of the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org reading by Robin Cotter Toronto Ontario January 2007 the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing by Joseph Treynon published in 1911 section 15 accent and pronunciation accent is a particular stress or force of the voice upon certain syllables or words this mark in printing denotes the syllable upon which the stress or force of the voice should be placed a word may have more than one accent take as an instance aspiration in uttering the word we give a marked emphasis of the voice upon the first and third syllables and therefore those syllables are said to be accented the first of these accents is less distinguishable than the second upon which we dwell longer therefore the second accent in point of order is called the primary or chief accent of the word when the full accent falls on a vowel that vowel should have a long sound as in vocal but when it falls on or after a consonant preceding vowel has a short sound as in habit to obtain a good knowledge of pronunciation it is advisable for the reader to listen to the examples given by good speakers and by educated persons we learn the pronunciation of words to a great extent by imitation just as birds acquire the notes of other birds which may be near them but it will be very important to bear in mind that there are many words having a double meaning or application and that the difference of meaning is indicated by the difference of the accent among these words nouns are distinguished from verbs by this means nouns are mostly accented on the first syllabic and verbs on the last noun signifies name nouns are the names of persons and things as well as of things not material and palpable but of which we have a conception and knowledge such as courage firmness goodness strength and verbs express actions movements etc if the word used signifies has been done or is being done or is or is to be done then that word is a verb thus when we say that anything is an insult that word is a noun and is accented all the first syllable but when we say he did it to insult another person that word insult implies acting and becomes a verb and should be accented on the last syllable simple rules of pronunciation c before a o and u and in some other situations is a close articulation like k before e i and y c is precisely equivalent to s in same this as in cedar civil cypress capacity e final indicates that the preceding vowel is long as in hate meet sire robe liar abate recede invite remote intrude e final indicates that c preceding has the sound of s as in lace lance and that g preceding has the sound of j as in charge page challenge e final in proper english words never forms a syllable and in the most used words in the terminating unaccented syllables it is silent thus motive genuine examine granite are pronounced motive genuine examine granite e final in a few words of foreign origin forms a syllable as syncope simile e final is silent after l in the following terminations b le c le d le f le g le k le p le t le z le as in able manacle cradle ruffle mangle wrinkle supple rattle puzzle which are pronounced able manacle cradle ruffle mangle wrinkle supple rattle puzzle e is usually silent in the termination en as in taken broken pronounced taken broken o u s is the termination of adjectives and their derivatives is pronounced us as in gracious pious pompously c e c i t i before a vowel have the sound of sh as in cetaceous gracious motion partial in gracious pronounced cetaceous gracious motion partial in gracious as i after an accented vowel is pronounced like z h as in aphesian confusion pronounced aphesian confusion g h both in the middle and at the end of words is silent as in caught bought fright nigh sigh pronounced caught bought fright nigh sigh in the following exceptions however g h is pronounced as f cough choff cloth enough laugh rough slough tough trough when w h begins a word the aspirate h proceeds w in pronunciation as in what with whale pronounced what with whale w having precisely the sound of o french o u in the following words w is silent who whom whose hoop whole h after r has no sound or use as in room rhyme pronounced room rhyme h should be sounded in the middle of words as in forehead abhor behold exhaust inhabit unhorse h should always be sounded except in the following words air herb honest honor hour humor and umbil and all their derivatives such as humorously derived from humor k and g are silent before n as no na pronounced no na w before r is silent as in ring wreath pronounced ring wreath b after m is silent as in dumb numb pronounced dumb numb l before k is silent as in bach walk talk pronounced bach walk talk ph has the sound of f as in philosophy pronounced philosophy ng has two sounds one as in singer the other as in finger n after m and closing a syllable is silent as in hymn condemn p before s and t is mute as in saum pseudo ptarmigan pronounced saum pseudo ptarmigan r has two sounds one strong and vibrating as at the beginning of words and syllables such as robber reckon error the other is at the termination of the words or when succeeded by a consonant as farmer mourn common errors in pronunciation a c e is not is as furnace not furnace a g e not edge as cabbage courage postage village a i n a n e not in as certain certain not certain a t e not it as moderate not moderate e c t not ec as aspect not aspect subject not subject ed not id or ud as wicked not wicked or wicked el not l model not model novel not novel en not n as sudden not sudden burden berthin garden lengthen seven strengthen often and a few others have the e silent en c e not u n c e as influence not influence es not is as pleases not pleases i le should be pronounced i l as fertile not fertile in all words except chamomile exile gentile infantile reconcile and senile which should be pronounced i l e i n not n as latin not latin n d not n as husband not husband thousand not thousand n e s s not n i s s as carefulness not carefulness n g not n as singing not singing speaking not speaking n g t h not n t h as strength not strength s o n the o should be silent as in treason not treason t a l not t le as capital not capital metal not metal mortal not mortal periodical not periodical x t not x as next not next short rules for spelling words ending in e drop that letter on taking a suffix beginning with a vowel exceptions words ending in g e c e or o e final e of a primitive word is retained on taking a suffix beginning with a consonant exceptions words ending in d g e and truly duly etc final y of a primitive word when preceded by a consonant is generally changed into i on the addition of a suffix exceptions retained before ing and ish as pitting words ending in i e and dropping the e by rule one change the i to y as lying final y is sometimes changed to e as dubious nouns ending in y preceded by a vowel form their plural by adding s o as money monies y preceded by a consonant is changed to i e s in the plural as bounty bounties final y of a primitive vowel preceded by a vowel should not be changed into i before a suffix as joyless in words containing e i or i e e i is used after the sound s as sealing sees except in siege and in a few words ending in seer in vehicle neither leisure and weird also have e i in other cases i e is used as in believe achieve words ending in c e o u s or c i o u s when relating to matter and in c e o u s all others in c i o u s words of one syllable ending in a consonant with a single vowel before it double the consonant in derivatives as ship shipping etc but if ending in a consonant with a double vowel before it they do not double the consonant in derivatives as troop trooper etc words of more than one syllable ending in a consonant preceded by a single vowel and accented on the last syllable double that consonant in derivatives as commit committed but accept chagrin chagrin kidnap kidnapped all words of one syllable ending in l with a single vowel before it have l l at the close as mill sell all words of one syllable ending in l with a double vowel before it have only one l at the close as mail sale the words for tell distill instill and fulfill retain the double l of their primitives derivatives of doll skill will and full also retain the double l when the accent falls on these words as dullness skillful willful fullness punctuation a period after every declarative and every imperative sentence as it is true do right a period is also used after every abbreviation as doctor d r period mr m r period captain c a p t period an interrogation point question mark after every question the exclamation point after exclamations as alas exclamation point oh how lovely exclamation point quotation marks enclose quoted expressions as socrates said quote i believe the soul is immortal unquote a colon is used between parts of a sentence that are subdivided by semicolons a colon is used before a quotation enumeration or observation that is introduced by as follows the following or any similar expression as send me the following colon ten dozen quote armstrong's treasury unquote 25 schultz manual etc a semicolon between parts that are subdivided by commas the semicolon is used also between clauses or members that are disconnected in sense as man grows old semicolon he passes away semicolon all is uncertain when as namely that is is used to introduce an example or enumeration a semicolon is put before it and a comma after it as the night was cold semicolon that is comma for the time of year a comma is used to set off interposed words phrases and subordinate clauses not restrictive as comma good deeds are never lost comma though sometimes forgotten a comma is used to set off transposed phrases and clauses as quote when the wicked entice thee comma consent thou not unquote a comma is used to set off interposed words phrases and clauses as let us comma if we can comma make others happy a comma is used between similar or repeated words or phrases as the sky comma the water comma the trees comma were illumined with sunlight a comma is used to mark an ellipsis or the emission of a verb or other important word a comma is used to set off a short quotation informally introduced as who said comma quote the good dayoung unquote question mark a comma is used whenever necessary to prevent ambiguity the marks of parentheses are used to enclose an interpolation where such interpolation is by the writer or speaker of the sentence in which it occurs interpolations by an editor or by anyone other than the author of the sentence should be enclosed in brackets dashes may be used to set off a parenthetical expression also to denote an interruption or a sudden change of thought or a significant pause the use of capitals one every entire sentence should begin with a capital two proper names and adjectives derived from these should begin with a capital three all appellations of the deity should begin with a capital four official and honorary titles begin with a capital five every line of poetry should begin with a capital six titles of books and the heads of their chapters and divisions are printed in capitals seven the pronoun i and the exclamation oh are always capitals eight the days of the week and the months of the year begin with capitals nine every quotation should begin with a capital letter ten names of religious denominations begin with capitals eleven and preparing accounts each item should begin with a capital twelve any word of special importance may begin with a capital end of section fifteen section sixteen of the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org recording by Corey Samuel the handy cyclopedia of things worth knowing by Joseph Trinen's published in 1911 section 16 the name of god in 50 languages Hebrew Elaya Jehovah Chaldeic Elayah Assyrian Elayah Syrian and Turkish Allah Malay Allah Arabic Allah languages of the Magi Orsi Old Egyptian Tute modern Egyptian Tune Armenian Tutti Greek Phaos Cretan Theos Aydian Andorian Ilos Latin Deus Low Latin Dieu Celtic Gaelic Dieu French Dieu Spanish Deus Portuguese Deus Old German Diat Provencel Dieu Low Britain Don Italian Dieu Irish Dieu Alutu Dieu German and Swiss God Flemish God Dutch God English God Teutonic Goth Danish and Swedish Good Norwegian Good Slav Buche Polish Bog Polaca Bung Lap Jubinal Finnish Jumala Runic As Zambillion As Pananlion Istu Tata Magatai Coromandel Brahma Persian Sire Chinese Prussia Japanese Gurza Madagascar Zana Peruvian Pukikami Facts About Sponges by Albert Hart Sponges belong to the animal kingdom and the principal varieties used commercially are obtained off the coasts of florida and the west indies the higher grades are from the Mediterranean Sea and numerous in variety a sponge in its natural state is a different looking object from what we see in commerce resembling somewhat the appearance of the jellyfish or a mass of liver the entire surface being covered with a thin slimy skin usually of a dark color and perforated to correspond with the apertures of the canals commonly called holes of the sponge the sponge of commerce is in reality only the skeleton of a sponge the composition of the skeleton varies in the different kinds of sponges but in the commercial grades it consists of interwoven horny fibers among and supporting which are epi-culi of Sicilius matter in greater or less numbers and having a variety of forms the fibers consist of a network of fibrils whose softness and elasticity determine the commercial quality of a given sponge the horny framework is perforated externally by very minute pours and by a less number of larger openings these are parts of an interesting double canal system an external and an internal or a centripetal and a centrifugal at the smaller openings on the sponges surface channels begin which lead into dilated spaces in these in turn channels arise which eventually terminate in the large openings through these channels or canals definite currents are constantly maintained which are essential to the life of the sponge the currents enter through the small apertures and emerge through the large ones the active part of the sponge that is the part concerned in nutrition and growth is a soft fleshy mass partly filling the meshes and lining the canals it consists largely of cells having different functions some utilized in the formation of the framework some in digestion and others in reproduction lining the dilated spaces into which different canals lead are cells surmounted by whip-like processes the motion of these processes produces and maintains the water currents which carry the minute food products to the digestive cells in the same cavities sponges multiply by the union of sexual product certain cells of the fleshy pulp assume the character of over and others that of spermatozoa fertilization takes place within the sponge the fertilized eggs which are called larvae pass out into the currents of the water and in the course of 24 to 48 hours they settle and become attached to rocks and other hard substances and in time develop into mature sponges the depth of the water in which sponges grow varies from 10 to 50 feet in florida but considerably more in the Mediterranean Sea the finer grades being found in the deepest water having a temperature of 50 to 57 degrees don't be buried alive from time to time we are horrified by learning that some person has been buried alive after assurances have been given of death under these circumstances the opinion of a rising French physician upon the subject becomes of worldwide interest for since the tests which have been in use for years have been found unreliable no means should be left untried to prove beyond a doubt that life is actually extinct before conveying our loved ones to the grave dr Martino as reported in the new york journal asserts that an unfailing test may be made by producing a blister on the hand or foot of the body by holding the flame of a candle to the same for a few seconds or until the blister is formed which will always occur if the blister contains any fluid it is evidence of life and the blister only that produced by an ordinary burn if on the contrary the blister contains only steam it may be asserted that life is extinct the explanation is as follows a corpse says dr Martino is nothing more than inert matter under the immediate control of physical laws which cause all liquid heating to a certain temperature to become steam the epidermis is raised the blister produced it breaks with a little noise and the steam escapes but if in spite of all appearances there is any remnant of life the organic mechanism continues to be governed by physiological laws and the blister will contain serous matter as in the case of any ordinary burns the test is as simple as the proof is conclusive dry blister death liquid blister life any one may try it there is no error possible how to serve wine a fine dinner may be spoiled by not serving the proper wine at the proper time and at the proper temperature a white wine sautern, riesling, mausoleum etc should be used from the beginning of the meal to the time the roast or game comes on with the roast serve red wine either claret or burgundy use sparkling wines after the roast with dessert serve apricot cordial never serve red wine with soup or fish and never a white wine with game storage temperature etc store your wines in the cellar at 50 to 60 degrees all bottles should lie flat so that the cork is continually moist this rule should be specially observed with sparkling wines sparkling wine should be served ice cold put the wine on the ice not ice in the wine serve red wine at only about five degrees cooler than a dining room white wine should be about 15 degrees cooler than a temperature of the room end of section 16