 We've got 67.9. That's going to be this one right here, bottom of the box and whiskers, not including the outliers, the outlier being this 55,000. So we have to come up with some kind of rule and we're going to use kind of an arbitrary rule here to determine what should be basically an outlier that's going to go outside of the box and whiskers. Clearly outliers are going to be quite important because they can greatly distort numbers like the mean or the average. Now if I was going to look at this list of numbers and just figure out what that number is, 67,000, I can organize the numbers from lowest to highest or highest to lowest and there's the 67,9 right here, not including the outlier. See the outliers going over. You can also use the min function. Now the min function in Excel will choose the smallest number. So if I was to use the min function, I'd have to select all of this data, not including the outlier and then it would take the smallest number and that's another way that you can do it within Excel just to practice that min function. Alright then we have the first quartile excluding the median. So the first quartile excluding the median. So we went from the bottom of the whisker to the bottom of the box. So here's the first quartile at the 69,700. Before we further explain and dig down on the quartile one, it's easier to move down to the median or quartile two, two names for the same thing. The median or quartile two where we are at the 70,900 that's represented on the box and whiskers by this line which is different than the X. The X representing the average or mean, the line representing the median or quartile two. Notice that those two key terms which are most often used the average or the mean and the median or quartile two both have those two kind of names to them. But most of the time people are going to use the median as the term. So what does that mean? It's kind of like if you've seen the Rocky movies where the advice to Rocky, the boxer is you say, and I see three of them out there and the coach says you got to hit the one in the middle, right? That's what the median is, hit the one in the middle. So when we look at the average or mean last time with the X, that was when we added them all up and then we divided by the count, which in this case was 51. When we take a look at the median, we hit the one in the middle. So now this data is ordered from lowest to highest. Here's the count on the right hand side. If I look at simply the count at 51 and divide by two, we're at 25.5. So the middle number is that 7900, right? The 7900, which means above it, you've got 29 numbers above it from 1 to 25. And below it, you've got 51, the count here, minus 26. You've got 25 below it, right? So the one that's exactly in the middle is the 70,900. So remember, that's not always going to be the same. It often will not be the same as what the mean or average calculation will be. This is two different ways we're trying to find that center point. So if we did that with a formula, there's actually two formulas you can do in Excel. You can use the quartile formula, which would be equal quartile. And then you're going to be picking the data set here. So this is the array than the quartile, and it's quartile two, two represents quartile two. Or more commonly, you would use simply the median function. So you just select the median function and then take this range of data and Excel will pick the one in the middle for you. All right, so now that we know that, it's easier to go back into quartile one, which is this 69,700 again. So what does that mean? Well, we're breaking it out into quartiles. So last time we broke out the middle, that's the middle one. So what is quartile one going to be? It's going to be, I'm going to take everything that goes down to this line and take the one in the middle. Now you're going to ask, you might get, if you get technical on this, you're going to say, well, do I go from one to 26 and then take the one in the middle, including the median, or do I exclude the median? And the default in Excel is typically to exclude the median. So we're going to go from one to 25, excluding the median, and then take the one in the middle, right? So if I take the 25, if I take the 25 divided by 2, we're at, you know, 12, 5, there's the 69, 7 in the middle. And that means that there's going to be 12 above it. So you've got numbers 1 to 12 above it. And then below it, we can just count them 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, not including the 26, the median right here, because it is excluded. Now you could do the quartile count where you include the median, but the default is to exclude it. So you've got to kind of keep that in mind when you're doing your calculations. All right, so we're going to go back up now. We were now into the middle number, and then we, of course, have quartile 3. So that's going to be the top of the box. So that's the 72-8, of course. And we can think about how to do that if we had a manual calculation. Then we'd have to say, okay, this is the middle point, the median, quartile 2, and this is the end point. So now we're taking the middle number between the middle here and the end for the next quartile. And so that would be then the Q3 excluding the median. And, of course, there's a function for it. And that would be the quartile function again in Excel, same as this function up top, choosing this number set. And then with a comma, the argument now being a 3 because we're in quartile 3. And then we've got the max point, which is the 24-2, the 24-2, which is the top of the whisker, and that does not include the outliers. So if I was to do that manually, I can then scroll down and I can sort my data. These two, we've declared to be outliers. So there's the 24-2, which is the top of the whisker. And if we were to do a formula for it, you can use a max function, which is a common function, which is great. You could use the max and then select this data, but you would have to select the data that doesn't include the outliers so that it picks as the max of the number, not including the outliers. All right.