 Thank you everybody for the session and Emanuella for inviting me to come. What I want to do is give you an overview of our site and basically give you some of the highlights of our 13 years of excavation, including some of our new discoveries that we made just a few weeks ago. The overview of the site just so that you know where we are located, we're in the western side of Silicia in the Ghazi Pasha basin just on the southern fringe of the Ghazi Pasha basin where it is quite mountainous. It was rough silica or silica trachea in antiquity. In the period before the site was founded, it was involved with piracy, the famed Silician pirates who, and here's just a view of the site as it's undergoing excavation. Now the area was a haven, this coastline along the coast of Anatolia here was a haven for pirates in the late Hellenistic period who used the secluded areas, the secluded anchorages off the coast as places to anchor their ships as they waited for passing sea traffic where they would then capture and skedaddle into the redoubts up in the hills. I found some Silician pirates when I'm looking for them online. I even found a video game involving the Silician pirates which I found quite intriguing. But we also have these caves near Silinus as this one that we found anchorages where ships could be moored and I don't want to say that that definitely represents a pirate cave but it may certainly have served as such because these pirates were located throughout the coastline here. Mtyokia ad Cragum we know from our historical sources was one of these pirate bases and that was in fact the reason that drew us here back in the mid 1990s as part of a survey project to see if we can in part find evidence of the of the Silician pirates in a 10-year long survey in not just looking for pirates but we also did a region a large region survey in which we documented the archaeological sites and after that survey was over in the mid 90s sorry in mid 2000s and we decided to transition into excavation and for a variety of reasons we chose Mtyokia ad Cragum as the place that we thought would best answer a new set of questions that we had formulated. We were interested in underwater surveying of the harbors we see here from an aerial view. This is just taken last month by my colleague and myself this professor Townsend there in front but we have conducted three surveys of the harbor where we have documented various anchors that the one on the left dating back to the Neolithic period one on the right a Roman anchor and so we are able to show some forms of habitation or interest in the site from pre-history through through the Roman period and into even the Middle Ages. In 2004 one of our underwater survey surveys uncovered a bronze ship timber fitting that was in the form of the mythological figure Pegasus. A fragment of wood still preserved inside the socket was carbon dated and it came to approximately 120 BC right smack in the middle of the pirate period so we do have a smoking gun of potential pirate occupation usage within the within the harbor it's now on display in the Alanya Museum. The city itself would be founded about a hundred years after the pirate problem was Quell by Pompey the Great in 67 the site would be founded in the middle of the first century AD by Antiochus the king of Comognae who was a client king under Rome. Most of the major buildings that we have including the Great Bath who's still well preserved frigidarium we can now date to the end of the first century AD belongs. We also have a temple Professor Townsend will speak after I am done on the imperial temple of the site I just wanted to give you some of the a presentation of some of the other remains of the site including the Great Bath that we see looming here in front of you it is a a large structure that requires a great deal of time and energy to clear we have now been working on this for six years if we only have six weeks to two months each year to work on it does take a great deal of time to clear the entire structure but we have succeeded in clearing the entire frigidarium that you see here and we have begun working inside of the tepidarium one of the interesting aspects of the of the excavation not just of this building but several of the others is not just to understand the building as it was intended to as it was intended such as the bath it served as a bath for a good 200 years until it fell out of use but then would be repurposed and its its repurposing was that of a we say in turkish a sanay a light industrial area in this case the tepidarium for example we have found evidence of of ceramic kilns we have now five kilns that we have found within the bath complex two of them are here in this drone view one of them so well preserved you could still see the firing holes that allow the hot gases from the firing chamber to to heat inside of the chamber we know from the remnants of the ceramics that we're finding that many zemer 41s late roman amphoras were just were made in in this kiln um we also have found very close by the remnants of a of a glass furnace and a glass workshop one of our one of our great finds was just directly next to the bath this was in 2002 while we were still conducting surveys one of our students stumbled on the field next to the bath and saw the remnants of a or saw a small fragment a small patch of mosaic that a local farmer had uncovered we we confronted the farmer and also notified the museum because they had they were in charge of the archaeology in the area and they did a very quick survey and found indeed a mosaic but when we were given the the permit for excavation we began work here and cleared this mosaic and as you can see it turned out to be quite a an extraordinary find um a mosaic that encompassed 36 meters long 17 meters wide this is only part of the excavation in one season we finished its completion in uh in this is 2013 uh with a swimming pool in the middle complete with steps that lead down into the uh into the the pool so bathers can sit or stand upon the step there just enjoy the water had fresh water flowing in through the draining system we explored we found over 100 coins uh many of those that have been able to be read indicate an early fourth century date a date in the Constantinian period and some gold jewelry as you see here this so this was an extraordinary uh extraordinary find that bespeaks the the wealth of the of the site one of the other areas we were interested in is adjacent to the back on the other side from the uh from the mosaic courtyard uh this area that is now covered with uh bushes we excavated and we discovered the odion and bulletarium which account for my question too um to um professor Sumner about the potential of this serving as a theater also it's a very small structure as you can see um with seating in a grandstand in a grandstand way in which they would have been on wooden seats supported by these radiating walls with an orchestra we have yet to clear the the pulpy tomb uh because that still serves as our staging area for the uh removal of soil from the site um but last year we found one of the brackets that would have held the wooden planks inside and uh and a piece of wood still adhered to the inside of the bracket which has now been carbon dated to approximately 120 ad so again we're looking at a building that is of close date to the early foundations of the of the city uh this was taken just uh uh month and a half actually just uh early in august um of a latrine that we found in between the great bath and the bulletarium so it would have served the for the the needed function where you have two congregations appearing uh the we can you can see that it too has a mosaic on its pavement mosaic or is kind of unusual in the sense that it is a kind of a joke full uh mosaic is something that would benefit or I suppose might be appropriate for a latrine it is full of bathroom humor in which we have a mythological figure of narcissists who is shown not admiring himself but is rather large phallus by the way this is the very first time this has been shown in public uh it hasn't been announced to the press yet although I don't think this would rise to the level of the New York Times uh we also have ganymede who is shown in this time not in in cased by zeus in the form of an eagle but rather by a heron who um and ganymede is holding on to a stick with a sponge at the end of it which is quite appropriate for a latrine while his phallus is being uh attended to by the heron with his own sponge so it is rather uh uh humorous in a somewhat of a sexual way um we began looking at a small bath located just outside of the main gate of the city this past summer uh this is a view of it at the end of excavation for this uh for this past season we were working primarily on the end here we go uh you can see on the on the hillside slope we have these are the cold rooms sort of an unusual arrangement this uh this bath so these are our cold rooms that then are placed with a large two isled um 20 meter long um exercise area but enclosed exercise area whereas on the seaword side we would have had the warm rooms so these are all cold rooms we began excavating inside of here also at the end of one of these halls the bottom of which we found mosaics in in each one you can see the uh the geometric mosaic at the bottom of this particular um of this particular cold room the exciting thing was that um this is how it looked on the first day of excavation approximately um two and two three-quarter meters of fill had to be removed but only 80 centimeters down we came across a coin hoard and not just one hoard but in fact there were two hordes of almost entirely silver coins with some gold thrown in and only a few bronze so it was quite a quite an extraordinary event that we found some total it was over 4 000 silver coins that were discovered all dating to we think deposit based on the latest coin that we are so far able to read of about 1620 so these are coins of all the major uh the states of europe including spain uh venice here andrea gritty the coin dated to um chest before 1538 we also have henry the fourth of france dating to 1600 1610 and many other coins you can see that so far we've been able to clean and and identify but the latest coins seem to appear to be around 1620 many more to go uh we'll be working on this sword for some time to come um but i think it is safe to say that these belong to um to a period in the Mediterranean in which piracy was in fact a major uh player yet again um the possibility in fact of barbaric coast pirates even though we're not on the barbaric coast themselves but ottoman uh ottoman pirates and captains were involved in the uh in the predations that occurred and it's not there for out of the realm of possibilities that we have some sort of an association so uh we like to think that we came looking for pirates and in fact we wound up perhaps finding uh some evidence of piracy here at anthill kiet cross thank you very much who knows what we're going to find in succeeding years thanks