 This paper examines the effect of various community-level factors on vaccination coverage in nine low- and middle-income countries. The authors find that remoteness, conflict, and urban slum areas can increase the risk of non- or under-vaccination while individual and household factors such as maternal utilization of health services, maternal education, and ethnicity are more common predictors of vaccination. To achieve equitable vaccination coverage, it is important to understand how different communities respond to vaccination programs and develop tailored strategies to reach them.