 Well, this is another disease which is said to be the hydro nephrosis. There is a phenomenon that it is concerned with the water or the swelling of the kidney with water. Now, hydro nephrosis is a condition that typically occurs when the kidney swells up due to urine failing to properly drain from the kidney to the bladder. So, this will be an obstruction due to which urine doesn't come down through the ureters. So, here with the result that water that starts accumulating or due to which the kidney that is enlarged in size. So, this swelling most commonly affects only one kidney but both kidneys can also be affected. Now, nephrosis is not a primary disease. So, primary disease is a heraquine infection or blockade of the ureter. That may be in the ureters, that may be in the ureter. So, it is a result of the blockade or obstruction in the ureter. So, hydro nephrosis is said to affect about one in every hundred babies. Now, normally urine flows through the ureter with minimal pressure. The normal water or kidney flow develops from a pressure due to which the urine stream is developed. So, pressure can build up if there is an obstruction. If there is swelling in the urinary tract, infection, inflammation, or even a stone can be stuck there. So, due to which the pressure increases on the kidney's side. And if the drainage system is not properly done, then the kidneys develop so much pressure in the water that they get swollen. So, if this pressure remains build up, and for an extended period of time, the kidneys can be enlarged, and then it will have so much effect on the kidney failure. So, kidney may become so enlarged with the urine that it starts pressing nearby organs. So, the viscera in the side organs can also be affected. If it is left untreated for too long time, this pressure can cause the kidneys to lose function permanently. And this can ultimately lead to kidney failure, which we saw in the first case. So, this is all about this hydro nephrosis.