 has just experienced the hottest year since records began. This is the worst drought to hit South Africa. The building held the EU phenomenon will change weather from coast to coast. 12,000 square kilometres of coral are in danger of being wiped out. Food sources for many of our people in the other islands goes with it. There are climate change migrants, people who can no longer grow crops on their land. Scientists are highlighting the urgency of cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Is the hottest year ever recorded by mankind? Over 750 deaths have been recorded. Powerful Category 5 storm is the strongest ever to hit the South Pacific nation. Data published by US and UK meteorologists say the sharp increase in 2015 can be attributed to human activities, notably the burning of fossil fuels. Paris, where world leaders have gathered for the UN climate conference known as COP 21. It's now or never to reduce the world's dependence on fossil fuels. Over the next few days, we will decide the pain of this planet. Breaking news after years of negotiation, a climate deal has finally been reached. The real headline, the real news is the voluntary aspect of this. Yeah, not legally binding. This is the same old thing. There's no enforcement mechanism. The original goal was to limit emissions so the planet would only warm by two degrees Celsius. Every scientist who has looked at the agreement say that's not going to happen. The planet will still warm by 3.5 degrees by the end of the century. And that's not nearly enough to stop the very worst impacts of climate change from impacting the planet. More needs to be done. Coming out of this climate summit, we see a very clear gap. The politicians are not stepping up. We're seeing the people and the movement stepping up to close that gap. There are groups around the world organising to shut down the fossil fuel industry during May 2016. It's time that we begin to take the issues that impact our climate and our environment seriously. Break Free is a global moment where for the first time in the movement we're seeing a very concrete time frame when escalated actions are happening across six continents. Targeting major fossil fuel projects with the message that the oil, gas and coal need to be kept in the ground. It is our future. We must say no. The level of urgency is coming together very clearly worldwide. We can't wait for the politicians to catch up with that understanding. So people are basically taking things into their own hands and doing what needs to be done on the ground. What is legal is not necessarily just. We cannot simply confine ourselves to what the law offers for us to demand a different world. I remember the time when to even distribute flyers about the issue of oil was against the law. Things remain the way they are because we allow it. The moment we do not allow it, we take away our consent, then change happens very, very rapidly. In 1986, we were able to successfully oust the dictatorship, Marcos. It was not just a struggle against repression of our civil and political liberties. It was also a struggle against a dictatorship that had many dirty and harmful energy projects. We create change through empowerment of people because we believe that's the only change that will last. There is a change in the way and the way of living, of living, of mothers and mothers. It is the first thing that will happen to us in such a class of energy because of the people who will give us jobs, education, education. You will not be able to see anything. I am now the first person to be here. I have been here for a long time. How many years have I been here? I have been here for a long time. How long have I been here? I have been here for a long time. We are now calling for the future of the world to stop power plants. And for us, we will be fighting against the world action against the coal. We allow our nature to be destroyed by selfishness. The progress that has been achieved is only for the few. The church has to educate our people to oppose this false progress. Globalization cannot be avoided. What is globalized is materialism, consumerism, lack of care for others. What must be globalized is concerned for one another. The whole world is our responsibility. Everything that we do, we are responsible before God to make our world better its day. Most changes in society come from ordinary people who bond themselves together and embrace the same vision and really sacrifice for the accomplishment of their common purpose. We have to protect every individual and we have to protect our environment. The laws of nature and the laws of economics are in conflict at the moment. Either everything changes because the climate changes and it changes our physical world in ways that we can barely fathom. Or we change our economy in fundamental ways. But the idea that there is some middle road where we continue on pretty much as is, that's actually not available to us. Vancouver, like a lot of port cities in the Pacific Northwest is being eyeballed to be a significant export point for a lot of fossil fuels. Kinder Morgan is I think the biggest, baddest project on the table right now. It would be expanding, a pipeline currently moving 300,000 barrels of tar sands a day to close to 900,000 barrels a day. There's no way to clean up a tar sands spill in this kind of water. They're saying at best they could get in ideal conditions 50% cleaned up. If there's one thing about this part of the world, it's that ideal conditions are pretty few and far between. The pipeline itself crosses a lot of very important rivers for people's drinking water, for communities, for the salmon stocks which are so important to this region. All the way as it goes back to northern Alberta where we already know the impacts that it's having on the Athabasca River which has become one of the most polluted waterways in the world and the human health impacts that's having on First Nations communities downstream. Alberta tar sands, the biggest industrial project in the world with the size of Earth that they want to move is the size of Texas. Kinder Morgan make $13 million a day and not only do they make that much but they're subsidized by our Canadian government. We immobilized the community 100% consensus by Tislea with you Nation where we had a referendum and they said we could negotiate for millions of dollars with Kinder Morgan. That could help some of our people out of poverty or we could use our own little resources that we have and fight them. 100% consensus we chose to fight them. So right here is home. You know we haven't left. This is where we've been for thousands of years. 85% of our diet came from the waters behind us. We've been measuring the quality of water here for about 20 years. It's getting progressively worse. We're devastated and what we're trying to do is rehabilitate the damage that has caused. We're going to court soon Canada for not consulting us on Kinder Morgan expansion. One of the ministers said why don't the First Nations take the money? They need it. We don't need it more than our land. We'll do whatever it takes to make sure this doesn't happen in any way possible. We are going to launch a massive flotilla of boats from here and surround the terminal on the other side where tankers fill up as well as have a group of folks on land march to the gates of the marine terminal so that we block it from both the land and the water. It is in a lot of ways a battle between a story of the old and a story of the new. There's a lot of powerful forces trying to make sure that the story of the old continues for as long as it can. We've seen disobedience move from being something that a few people do to a mass movement confronting the fossil fuel industry. A massive oil rig outfitted for Royal Dutch Shell's remote Arctic exploration parked in Seattle's harbor on Thursday but not everyone is happy about it. They have convinced us progress is only made through exploitation of the earth. Everyone is coming to protest. We have scientists, ecologists and city council members who are willing to get arrested because they understand the severity of this moment. Stand up in whatever manner you can. This is all a lunch counter to sit on. This is all history to be made. Civil disobedience is a powerful tool in social justice work. The law, it's not sacred. And to challenge it shakes our consciousness. If you can take that radical action in a way that genuinely speaks to everybody else then you not only have their attention, you have their inspiration and you build movements that way. Number one, preparation. Calibrate what you are asking for and how you ask for it so that you can win it. Then you've got to choose your strategy. You've got to choose a tactic, a target that can successfully grab public attention. Then you've got to make sure that your execution is flawless. The media will look for every opportunity to delegitimize you. If there is one misstep, one act of violence, it's over. I've never been in the White House, but the ability to chain myself to the outside of the White House turned out to be important and empowering and anyone can do it. Most of us don't have huge sums of money. All of us have a body that we can put in the way. I want to say very clearly that civil disobedience is but one tool in the activist toolbox. It's not the first one that you should reach for and if you use it all the time like any other tool, it's going to get dull. That said, civil disobedience has a role to play. Nobody should have to go to jail about climate change. In a rational system, that would be the last thing that would happen. But because the way power is distributed in our world, sometimes we have to. One of the central threats to democracy today is the corporate capture of government. We are up against tremendous resources and those resources are smart. The corporation goes straight to the politician that's going to be on the committee that's going to pass the law that they want to pass and threatens their reelection at exactly the right time. The strategy of global corporations on climate change was partly to recognize that they had a trump card with the United States government. They could stand in the way of global action by blocking American action. There's a level of state failure in the United States that legislature is bought and paid for by oil companies and other companies. We have to roll back corporate capture of our governments if we want to try and fix these problems that conflict directly with their industry bottom line. There's nothing radical about anything we're talking about. Radicals work at oil companies. If you are willing to get up in the morning and make your fortune by altering the chemical composition of the atmosphere and you're willing to do it when scientists have told you what would happen and once you've seen it happen, once you watch the Arctic start to melt if you're willing to do that then you're a radical and our job is to try and check that radicalism. An investigation is underway into ExxonMobil, the huge oil company buried research about the effects of climate change. Reports suggest more than 30 years ago, Exxon's own scientists were taking climate change projections into account in its operational plans. Exxon was on the cutting edge of science. They wanted to be on the cutting edge of science 40 years ago on climate change. They understood that farther down the road if the science was accurate there would be limits placed on emissions from fossil fuels. So their strategy at that time was that we want to have a say in what those limits look like. When their senior scientists told their senior executives what was coming Exxon started making sure that all its drilling rigs were climate-proof so that they could withstand the rising sea level. But they did not tell the rest of us just the opposite. Around 1989 there was a shift in the thinking at the executive level and that was when Exxon joined this group called the Global Climate Coalition which sounds very green but in fact they were put together to fight any policy reaction to climate change. Exxon and others ended up hiring the veterans of the tobacco industry to try and make the same basic argument that the cigarette guys had made. After three decades of investigation, no causal link between smoking and disease has been established. Scientific evidence remains inconclusive as the weather-human activities affect the global climate. It was effective and it cost us a generation's worth of time. We just recently crossed 400 parts per million CO2 in the atmosphere. We're literally releasing all that CO2 that got buried underneath the Earth's surface over a hundred million years. And we're releasing it over a time frame of a hundred years. A million times faster than nature buried it. That is without precedent. It's unclear that living things including human beings can adapt to changes that occur that quickly. In the Philippines at least 6,000 farmers were blocking a highway to demand the government provide rice. The farmers are starving. Behind all this is a rise in global temperatures causing the whole region to suffer the worst drought in more than 20 years. We've begun to see serious stress on the global food systems. We simply won't be able to grow enough food to feed 10 billion people in a warming world. There's a study that looks at temperatures to come in much of the Middle East and what they found was the combination of heat and humidity for stretches of time by 2100 would not be compatible with human life. The new study published yesterday finds climate change exacerbated the worst drought ever in modern Syria aggravating social unrest in the country and helping to push it over the brink into civil war. The record one million refugees and migrants have now crossed into Europe in Europe's worst refugee crisis since the Second World War. In other words, the very real security threat posed by climate change is only going to get worse. You've got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon the levers, upon all the apparatus and you've got to make it stop and you've got to indicate to the people who run it, to the people who own it that unless you're free the machine will be prevented from working at all. Social movements are different from ordinary politics in that they are not simply about how to divide up the goods but about what a good is. It enters a domain that goes beyond immediate self-interest into what's a part of us as responsible human beings. The secret of civil disobedience is moral clarity. Gandhi said, I am a human being first and a citizen of my country second. He targets the fact that Indians aren't allowed to make their own salt and has a massive salt march across India to the coast where he bends down and picks up sea salt. How could someone possibly prevent you from doing something like that? He's taken the weakest point of his opponent and targeted it to generate the most moral clarity. Different forms of civil disobedience shaped the basis of the abolition movement. The women's suffrage movement. The civil rights movement. It's time for us to say that if you don't do something about it we will have no alternative but to engage in broader and more drastic forms of civil disobedience in order to bring the attention of the nation to this whole issue in Selma, Alabama. At the core of activism is one simple thing and that's voice. So many people in the world, their voice is actually just not heard. The civil rights movement had a grounded belief that the first and most important thing to do was allow the people who were on the ground to be able to shape the direction and to be the front of what was happening. It was about building the capacity to organize for action and mobilizing the public to show up in support of an action. The effect of civil disobedience is often to raise the cost of business as usual to disrupt normal processes and procedures which makes it more costly to resist change than to agree to it. The African people are realizing that apartheid means nothing else but oppression and exploitation. To change these conditions, the leading black liberation organization the African National Congress had begun a mass movement of civil disobedience to find the laws of racial superiority called apartheid. Civil disobedience brings a spotlight to the violence of oppressive states and industries. The civil disobedience that occurred in South Africa during the apartheid years defied all apartheid laws and it was really really strong because it happened everywhere. From street committees to unions to labor movements to student movements everybody found an aspect of apartheid laws that affected them and then used some kind of mechanism to defy it. It didn't change overnight and it wasn't one day of civil disobedience. It takes time and you will have obstacles but I really don't think there's any fight that we cannot win if we have the numbers. If we have the numbers, we will have to do a second round and make a new round. We will have to do a new round. While the system is being developed, while the new system is being developed, we will have to do a new round and we will be able to earn money from it. There is always time. There is always time. In March 1989, after the election of the head of the parliament, a president from Ankara said that we don't know each other but because it's important, I will give you a dark news. I will use a telecommunications company with a telecommunications company of 1 megawatt. I called all the presidents of the parliament and I called all the presidents of the parliament and I called all the presidents of the parliament the president of the parliament. If we are talking about the interests of the parliament, This is Gülşah Alçak, and we are from 18 municipalities. We have a 50,000 people in the area, which is about 60 km away from here. When we do this, perhaps in the next round, it will be the most interesting and fun in the area. We can only stop a thermal power plant in this area. But in a wide area, we can't stop the production. Today, even Ali Alta, a new thermal power plant, has been established and continues to be established. No one will make a sound. The people there will of course be affected. They say, we are not making any progress. They openly say, we are going to die here. But we can't do anything about it. So, it's something that makes people sick, right? Yes. I told them about two buses. I told them about how they were affected. I told them about the situation. I even told them that they were affected. One of them was half a year old. They told me that they were affected by the cold and the cold. Then, they were all sick. We have an event plan. We invite all the living defenders of Turkey to this event plan. We invite all the living defenders of Turkey to this event plan. All together, we want to give this fossil fuel, the source of the bad, to an end. We will revive this 90th spirit. You cannot pretend that we do not exist. You cannot plead ignorance to our problems because we are here. What power means in the context of social change is of course the story of David and Goliath. The Philistines send their powerful warrior, Goliath, to go confront the Israelites who are afraid. Until finally, David, who is not a warrior but a shepherd, went to King Saul and says, let me go fight Goliath. King says, you're not equipped. You've got to take my sword, my shield, my helmet. They're so heavy, he can't move. And he reflects from him. He says, wait a second. I'm a shepherd, not a warrior. He takes off all that armor, picks up a few stones, goes to face Goliath. It's only when he discovers his own resources, not those of his opponent, as the foundation of his strategy that things begin to shift. And that's what creates those moments of opportunity for the Davids of this world. Lignite has a very low energy density. That means you have to dig up a lot of it to get not that much energy. And in burning it, you emit a whole bunch of other dirt, essentially, which is why this is not just bad for the climate. It's also terrible for people's health. Germany produces and burns more Lignite than any other country in the world in absolute terms, including India and China. We look at this now and we see the dirtiest of all the fossil fuels being dug up. And of course, it is the central driver of climate change, which is a central driver of conflict, hunger, destitution, deprivation around the world. This stuff has to be left in the ground. This little town called Posin produces 100% of its own electricity from renewables and still exports stuff into the grid. Like, this village is actually the future we need. Here you have agriculture, biogas, solar power. You have a functioning community. And this is the frontline in the struggle against the madness of profit-driven extraction. The government has slated Posin for destruction because there's coal underneath this. What we're seeing here is the future being eaten by the past. Fossil fuels are the past in more than one way. They are the past of capital. They are the past of energy. They are the past of our relationship to nature. Hello. We can go down from here if you're bothered. Okay, so this was Frau Rösch, who was just asking what we're doing on her land. And her... I started explaining, blah, blah, we're doing this film. She's like, are you against Lignite? Yeah. I'm like, okay, then you can walk wherever you want. Folks lived here a few years ago. This was their life. The government said you can't be here because we're gonna dig this up because there's coal underneath. They had grown up here. They were planning to maybe die here. These kinds of images, that's also why we're doing this. There's folks here being evicted from their homes because we cannot stop destroying the environment. This cannot go on. All the political work that you're doing when you're mobilizing for a big disobedient action will ultimately be for naught if the action isn't a success in tactical terms. We're telling the situation as it was last year. Here is the opencast mindguards by that. This whole area was our action target. Now, there are always two kinds of obstacles that need to bear in mind. The first is geographic, or let's call them technical obstacles. Then second challenge, police and corporate security. Let's call these human or political problems. Our goal is not to fight the police. Our goal is to get around them because they're not our enemy. Our enemy is the lignite production inside the pit. So when the police start forming a line with sheer determination, we are walking through the police lines, not hitting them, not engaging the violent people, just walking through them. We ensure that all of the four actions manage to get into the pit. I've been doing civil disobedience actions for 17, 18 years now. It's very hard to get a sense of empowerment, to actually really feel in every fiber in your body that you can make it. We can actually stop this. The moment when we were running towards these diggers and we saw that they were all shut down. I remember this moment. We've done it. There was an unbelievable moment of personal and collective empowerment in a struggle that all too often seems brutally hopeless. There are going to be more people and hopefully they won't be able to stop us last year they couldn't. So let's see if we can do this again. We think we can. If you say you can't deal with climate change without a revolution in values, a revolution in the way we think, people will say, well, we don't have time for that kind of thing. The truth is what we don't have time for is continuing to try the same thing that hasn't worked for two and a half decades. We continue to be inspired by ordinary people, having the courage to stand up against corporate interests, even against government policies that will bring harm to their communities. Hope is belief in the plausibility of the possible as opposed to the necessity of the probable. We don't have the tanks and we don't have the armed forces, non-violent civil disobedience. Me making my voice heard against a powerful force that is holding us back. Keystone turned out to be a great victory because all over the country and the world, people looked up and saw, you actually can beat big oil. It may seem impossible right now to prevent climate chaos. The social movements have shown that the limits of the possible are there to be moved. My hope is that we come out the other side of this with the global sense of a new kind of power in the climate movement. What we need are new ways to do new things. To practice civil disobedience is necessary to be able to pursue a better life for our people. But that, I guess, now is the center of action against forced fuel. It's quite possible that a more radical approach will bring rapid change. It's straight math. How many people are active and engaged on this issue? How hard are they pushing? How coordinated are they? It's the people who are engaged that determine what government does. And all we have is a choice to make about whether we're going to be one of those people or not. The science is pretty dark and things are changing very fast. But I am absolutely sure there is going to be one hell of a fight.