 If you go online, you can see claims that coconut water may be beneficial for depression. And they even cite studies. There it is in black and white. Coconut water ameliorates depression. Did they just make that up? No, click on it. And there it is in PubMed, just like they said. And for a limited time offer of just $39.95, the publisher will let you read it. But why waste your time? It says it right there in the title. Coconut water ameliorates depression. You might as well spend that $40. Binds them coconut water to boost your mood. And anyway, we're reading all the studies so you don't have to. That's my job. If you look at the study, it starts out saying plants are frequently tested these days for their antidepressant potential. Okay, sounds good. Therefore, coconut water, commonly used plant-based beverage, was selected to explore its antidepressant potential. With you so far. So rodents were selected for the study, and a forced swim test was conducted. What? The forced swim test is one of the most widely used tests to explore antidepressant activity. You fill up a transparent cylinder with water over the mouse's head, so it's forced to swim, and then you drop a mouse in and see how long the thing struggles to keep from drowning before you see it simply give up and just kind of float to the top. And lo and behold, you feed them some coconut water first, and they hold out a bit longer before giving up, demonstrating an antidepressant effect. Therefore, we should use coconut water to treat depressive disorders in people? What? I mean, it depresses me to even read such wasted research opportunities. Where did they even get this idea? It was invented by a group of French scientists in the 70s to model behavioral despair. Reminds me of the Harlow experiments with vertical chamber confinement that he called the pit of despair, which was basically just a metal contraption with sloped sides, lock a baby monkey in it for 45 days, and you can produce profound behavioral changes. They end up just kind of hugging themselves in a fetal position. And then afterwards, after 10 weeks alone in the chamber, they exhibit behaviors like contact clinging, where they just come together and hug each other for long periods of time. It's not yet clear why confinement in the vertical chamber is apparently so effective at producing abnormal behavior, but not to worry that it's got a lot more studies to do. Oh, spare you the research on puppies. Man, I can see why you'd want some model to test out new antidepressant drugs, and if you want to figure out if pomegranates have antidepressant effects, why not just feed people some pomegranates rather than chucking some mice off the deep end? There are literally thousands of published studies on food or food products using this forced swim test, allowing the egg industry to be like, see, eggs may be an excellent food for preventing and alleviating the conditions of major depression. Why? All because rats struggled longer, whereas in people, removing eggs from the diet improves mood, though they also removed meat, so it's not clear which did water. Maybe they were just eating more healthy plant foods like soy, which the soy industries happen to tell you decreases depressive-related behavior in postmenopausal rats who were swimming for their lives. In people, though, the best soy products may be able to do is just work as well as drugs like Prozac and Zoloft, and we all know how little that's actually saying. I mean, the forced swim test is just a reaction to the acute stressful stimulus of being placed in a container without an escape route, whereas human depression reflects a chronic subjective emotional state, an internal emotional state, and to date we haven't been able to ask animals how they're feeling. You can't even just look at human behavior and tell if someone has a depression diagnosis. So it's impossible to conclude that the swim test is some test for human depression. The ease at which thousands of scientists do that, however, is disquieting, and that it makes assumptions that discourages critical thought. In fact, the whole thing has been compared to like some Monty Python skit where you see if the witch floats or not, but today it's in use to label a rodent as being depressed.