 The study compares prepartum changes in ventral tail-based surface temperature, ST, with changes in vaginal temperature, VT, and behavioral indices to predict parturition in beef and dairy cattle, finding that a decrease in ST occurs approximately 30 hours before parturition and can provide a sign for parturition in the short-term like behavioral indices. This article was authored by Masafumimewa, Shuichi Matsuyama, Sho Nakamura, and others.