 Apoptosis is a process by which cells are programmed to self-destruct when they reach a certain age or become damaged. It plays a key role in maintaining healthy tissue and preventing diseases such as cancer. When it goes wrong, it can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of tumors. Recent research has revealed new insights into the mechanisms behind apoptosis, including the roles of specific proteins and signals. These findings could help scientists develop more effective treatments for various diseases.