This one deals with mutations and "information".
Regarding side-effects of high-density LRP5 function: Many subjects do experience detrimental side-effects, and sometimes these can be severe, but this is not the case with all subjects, some of which suffer no down-side to unbreakable bones.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/artic...
http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/...
Regarding the Tibetan mutations against Hyplexia:
"we identified strong signals of selective sweep in two hypoxia-related genes, EPAS1 and EGLN1. ...The observed indicators of natural selection on EPAS1 and EGLN1 suggest that during the long-term occupation of high altitude areas, the functional sequence variations for acquiring biological adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia have been enriched in Tibetan populations."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21...
"The strongest signal of natural selection came from endothelial Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain protein 1 (EPAS1), a transcription factor involved in response to hypoxia. One single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at EPAS1 shows a 78% frequency difference between Tibetan and Han samples, representing the fastest allele frequency change observed at any human gene to date."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20...
Here's the script
http://darwinwasright.homestead.com/8...
For further details on tracing and dating mtDNA, please see this video from potholer54.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8edyoZ...