 The Helikoneeni tribe of butterflies have evolved a unique dietary innovation, pollen feeding, which requires them to remember where they have previously found food sources. In order to do this, these butterflies have evolved larger brains with increased visual processing areas and enhanced long-term memory. This evolutionary process was driven by natural selection for behavioral innovation and enhanced cognition. This article was authored by Antoine Couto, Fletcher J. Young, Danielle Atzany, and others.