 This review examines the current state of pediatric emergency medicine, PEM, in South Korea. It highlights the lack of dedicated facilities, equipment, and personnel in the country's emergency departments, as well as the need for more comprehensive educational programs and research activities. To address these issues, the authors suggest the establishment of two tiered emergency departments with regionalized strategies, the development of intensive care units for critically ill or injured children, and collaboration with government officials to secure funding and political support. This article was authored by Young Ho-Kwok.