 We in this module will see that in case of adjacent utterances through which two conversationalists perform some action, like they make requests, or they invite somebody, so sometimes it happens that instead of one expected answer, there are two expected answers, alternative expected answers are also possible. The first one that is expected, it is called preferred. And the other one that was not expected, it is called dispreferred. And both together are called preferred sequences. Here, preference or preferred never refers to our own desire, our own will, our own decision for choosing something. It is not that sense of this word here. Here, we mean by preference that this is conventionally preferred. The second part of adjacency pair is in form of options. There are two options as I have told you. First option that is conventionally expected is preferred, the other is dispreferred. For example, if somebody invites the expected first answer that is preferred would be acceptance. And that is unexpected, it would be rejection of invitation. Similarly, if picker A accuses in reply to that, picker B would deny it. This is expected, this is preferred. And if picker B accepts the acquisition, adversity, it would be confession and this is dispreferred. First answer in these examples is preferred and second is dispreferred. See this dialogue, why don't you come in CB? Now, see this is transcription of some dialogue. That's why you see here breakers and see square breakers here show that speaker B and A overlap. They speak simultaneously, they speak together. This is overlap. But speaker B says, for example, why don't you come in CB some times? From times onward, speaker B's answer is not complete but speaker A interrupts and complete the utterance. He says, I would like to. This is overlap. Now, picker B says, why don't you come? This is invitation. Speaker A says, I would like to. This is preferred answer that he should accept it. But speaker B, again, why don't you come to CB sometimes? Now, if speaker A says, well, that's awfully sweet of you. I don't think I can make it this morning. This is a kind of refusal. This was not expected by the inviter, speaker B. This is dispreferred answer. And see another difference. When the invitation was accepted, it was very direct. I would like to. There are no hesitations, no fillers. When there is refusal, there are hesitations like you see here. Mum, well, we are introducers. That's awfully sweet of you again to show some kind of politeness. I don't think I can make it this morning. I can't come to you this morning. So this is a polite way of refusing the invitation. The response is these responses of the second speaker. They also show the sensitivity to the other speaker. If the speaker is intimate, the respondent is intimate second speaker, then you would be direct in your response. And if the second speaker is higher senior in status wise, that person is at higher pedestal, then that person is strange, then you would use long and indirect answers. So we conclude that in case of adjacent prayers, we can expect two answers. One is expected and the other is unexpected. Expected is called preferred and unexpected is called dispreferred. And dispreferred answers often are long and indirect.