 When it comes to the cosmos as a whole, there is far more that we don't know than the little bit we do. Based on new information and discoveries, the benchmark model is changing all the time. Some of the key unknowns are being investigated by intensive efforts across a spectrum of scientific projects. Here are just a few. There's a hunt for the nature of dark matter. For example, the LHC at CERN now reaches 13 trillion electron volts. That's enough energy to find support for, limit, or eliminate various dark matter theories. There's a hunt for the behavior of the hot quark plasma in existence during bariogenesis. For example, thousands of times a second, the Brookhaven National Laboratory's relativistic heavy ion collider creates a quark gluon plasma. This research can reveal subtle details about the quark gluon plasma, and by extension the origin of matter. There's a hunt for neutrinos with new detectors like Diab Bay in South China. They hope to detect neutrinos from the neutrino decoupling epoch, and eventually solve the riddle of why so little antimatter survived bariogenesis. There's a hunt for early gravitational waves with projects like the laser interferometer space antenna, LISA. The laser arms will be millions of kilometers long, making it sensitive enough to register weak gravitational waves, like the remnants of waves created in the earliest moments of the Big Bang. And the hunt for more type 1a supernova continues along with deeper analysis of each and every one of them. This will provide a more exact measure of the scale factor dynamics since the end of the Dark Ages. And to further our knowledge, a new space telescope called the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope is in design and scheduled for launch in the early 2020s. This telescope is specifically designed to further our understanding of these key standard candles. As these researchers uncover more of nature's secrets, we can expect significant changes to the benchmark model. So stay tuned.