 So, yes, my name is Massimo Banzi. I'm one of the co-founders of Arduino. And so Arduino was born as part of an effort to sort of enable anybody to innovate by making technology, complex technology, simple to use. So this is kind of now a very generic statement in a way that applies to a bunch of technologies, but it started off because I was teaching in the design school in the northwest of Italy. And the objective was to really understand how do we design the interaction between people and technology, and the way we design this kind of interaction between things and technology changes the experience that people have and make them able to have a very good experience or a really bad experience, to be very innovative, very creative or be very frustrated and unhappy. So at Ivrea, there was this project called Processing that was coming from the MIT, which was essentially designed to make it simple for artists to program and be very creative with code. So there were a number of projects that we worked on there and sort of Arduino is kind of the summary of all of the work that we did there. But also the idea was we realized, and this is the first kind of connection with Linux, that when you have this big open source community to kind of work together, if you then make your work open source, you automatically multiply the effect of the work that you do. You make something become able to expand really fast. So the little Arduino board here, which is the physical manifestation of Arduino, it's essentially, it's also the first popular open source hardware project. So there was a bunch of people trying to do open source hardware, but then Arduino is the most popular one. So we tried to apply the idea of doing open source software also to hardware. And this is also one of the factors that enabled Arduino to become very, very popular. And so our sort of work is made of building firmware, software, content, hardware, development environment, and just making them open source so that people can build upon that technology. And the technology is simple enough that even kids learn how to build things with Arduino. And so we enable a bunch of people to use software and hardware as a creative tool to invent, to transform their ideas into something tangible that works. And so in the history of Arduino, we crossed this, somebody calls the movement. So this group of people trying to, again, be creative with technology called Makers. And we became one of the technologies that enabled this group of people to do amazing things. So I mean, with people with Arduino, build things like this is a glove that interprets sign language and helps people who cannot speak through sign language and interface with this glove interface to a mobile phone that speaks what they sign. People also made self-tying laces or people even made self-driving luggage. So this is a self-driving piece of luggage that follows you around based on the Bluetooth idea of your phone. People build distilleries, open source distilleries. So this is an open source device that you can do to make your own alcohol, like, you know, your own moonshine. But also people use a lot to, as an artistic tool, so this is a, it's an interface to produce music based on the way you sort of touch this skirt. And also Arduino ended up in more sort of common things like 3D printers, a lot of the open source 3D printers, at least at the beginning, either used Arduino as their sort of main board or they used it as the software aspect of Arduino became sort of part of the device. Also Drone used that. So how does Arduino and Linux cross? It starts off with the fact that I used the Linux for a long time. This is my Linux counter badge, which says I registered in 1998, but I did install it the first time in 1993 and it was a very rewarding yet very painful experience of downloading 70 floppy disks from the internet and just, you know, doing that. But luckily there was a guy that installed Xenix with us, so it helped us and we made it happen. But I think apart from the jokes, with the founders of Arduino, especially me and the guy I'm strangling, which is his name is David Quartieres, the two of us used Linux a lot in our previous life, in our career. We were very driven by the idea that open source can really help to change the world a little bit. And we felt that the work that we did had to be open source, so we took a bunch of stuff that maybe we worked at at the institute that was an open source and we made it open source. And also we tried to extend that concept to hardware because we saw how the Linux community was very successful and we wanted to try to replicate that into a different field where also hardware is involved. So in fact, at the beginning, there were not something as effective as the GPL license for hardware, so we used Creative Commons. So hardware became a little bit like poetry or music. So it was an interesting concept. At Arduino right now, we use Linux a lot. Most of our developers use Linux. For some of the people who designed the hardware, all of the machines that test the products that come out of the factory are based on embedded Linux, our web infrastructure, a number of our products. We worked a few years ago on the first attempt at mixing Arduino and Linux, so bringing together the technology behind the BeagleBone and a microcontroller so that we could experiment on different ways of programming these devices where you can, in a way, distribute the computing between the Linux machine and the microcontroller we have this other product which is more widespread. It's called the Arduino YUN, and it has a tiny Linux machine embedded inside the shape of a classic Arduino. And again, this is what you would consider some kind of an edge device, but incredibly simple and incredibly small. And Arduino right now is a fairly popular platform. We have 150 million sessions on the Arduino.cc website. We have half a million registered people on the platform, and we have about 12 million downloads of our development environment every year. And we have this online platform I will talk to you about a little bit later called Create, which has 400,000 users. And we have this yearly event called Arduino Day where people sort of get together on a Saturday to kind of celebrate Arduino as an open source project, which last year had 500 events all over the world which were completely organized by the community. And it was very interesting to see this happening because we just say, you know, hello people, Arduino Day is on this day, and then 500 group of people around the world that just set up an event. And we put them on a map, and it's just amazing to see. So with the work that we did so far, we really enabled, as I said, a ton of people to use this technology as a creative tool. And it's used by people who teach technology, by people who build prototypes, it's used by big companies to prototype ideas. It's used for building even prototypes or even products started off, a ton of products you use started off as an Arduino prototype. And so that was very interesting to see. And then this all IoT revolution happened, and then we realized that the complexity goes up. There's even more factors to keep in mind. So how do we start to figure out how do we make it simpler for people to also build connected products? Because again, Arduino is a very much a bottom-up type project. A lot of people use it, sometimes even at work, actually a lot, they use it a lot at work. But it never comes from the official channels, it's gonna happen because people use it and it's useful to them. And again, that reminded me a little bit about Linux at the beginning. People started to use it because they loved it, because it was making their life simple. And I used to be the web master of the biggest, at the time, internet provider in Italy, and we were paid by Microsoft to have the main web server on Windows NT, so we ended up recompiling Apache to pretend to be internet information server so that we could still use Linux as the main web server and still be sponsored by Microsoft. I think if that's, enough years have passed that it's not a crime anymore, so I can talk about it. But again, it was so useful and it just grew from the bottom and again, that's something that I like, to help people and make their life simpler with simple tools. So in IoT, we have this challenge, this is a slide that every year, people at FirstMark Capital put together of all the different brands involved in IoT. It's insanely big. We are somewhere down there in the corner next to Raspberry. But a lot of these IoT platforms that people are building right now, they're actually quite complicated for everyday people. And you need to be an expert to a lot of different disciplines in order to have one light turn on. And now that we fix this, there are a lot of different ways. The way we are trying to help fix this thing is based on working on the user experience and making things simple to use. In the end, there's no incredibly advanced technology in Arduino, it's just a way to redefine the way you use certain technology that make it simple for people to understand, simplifying some things, moving some complexity over to the software. The second thing is for sure, open source. I think one of the things that was very good for Arduino is that since it was open source, a lot of people feel that they were not locked in, so they used it everywhere. And also edge computing, we like the idea that you can run your own computing next where the action happens and you don't always have to use big cloud that way you don't know where the data goes. So in a way, we like this combination. So apart from the design aspect for us, it's very important because we realize that people ignore whatever design that ignores people, this is a quote from an American designer, but you have to understand a lot of very interesting projects, very powerful piece of technology are ignored by people because they're complicated to use. And at the end of the day, you never heard about somebody taking a class on how to learn how to use Facebook, but that's the problem with a lot of piece of technologies you work every day. Since they're designed for professional users, there is this idea that you need to suffer, that it needs to be a painful experience because you're professional, why? So we need to make these tools simpler to use. We need to remove friction. So friction is what happens when people are interacting with the digital interface or any product and basically what they're trying to achieve is made complicated because they have to apply more in a way energy than they would be needed. Obviously we are a big supporter of open source interoperable system, I'm not gonna talk about that because there are people much more qualified about that. From our way, we try to build small open source devices like these ones, these are little sensor nodes that support all the different network protocols, they're low power, simple to program and you can sort of build your edge, edge, edge sort of nodes with this. And we also build this cloud platform that we think it's gonna simplify a lot the way people work. So we put essentially the Arduino development in the cloud, so you need just a browser and you can program. We also started to capture more of the project, not just the code but also the hardware inside the Arduino sort of project that you build. We support a ton of architecture so now we support probably about 15 different types of processors so you can just write code with Arduino and move it around different platforms quite easily. We have over 4,000 libraries that support all sorts of sensors and actuators and protocols so if you wanna build something, you just open this, you type the name of a protocol or a sensor, click, you're done. We also build this tool which is based on the Hackster platform but it's integrated into Create where people can actually describe whole projects and you can actually find pre-made solution like RFID attendance system or pool controllers, all sorts of different applications and you can click on a button and the code for this application will end up in your project on the cloud and you can build it very easily. There are some examples that we made. We also have a simple, at the moment it's very simple, it's just an experiment of something very simple that allows you to connect a device to the cloud and manage it. It's evolving into something much, much bigger which will make it easy for people to build IoT applications so our objective is that to never to be able to build like the most complex application ever but to enable a ton of people to build like the most common use cases very, very easily and a lot of basically all of this will be open source but we're adding a couple of new things that I've talked about here for the first time so we realized that in order to go forward we had to go back a little bit so we built this thing which is a small, you don't see very well because the text is very small so we built the equivalent of the Arduino IDE, development environment as a command line so you can now say things like Arduino new and it creates a new project, Arduino install library, boom it installs a library so you can now use whatever development environment you like and you can use a bunch of command line tools to automate all of this and it's fully integrated in the things I told you before like 4,000 libraries and all of that and so here is just showing an example of somebody creating a project, connecting to a board, compiling and uploading the code to the board through the command line and so basically now our classic desktop IDE, the cloud IDE and this thing are sharing the same code so you can basically embed Arduino as an engine inside a project and you can take code, compile it and upload it just by calling this thing and we also have ways that you can connect this to the Arduino website so that you can basically use the Arduino website as a way to share and store your code in the cloud but one thing that I think it's very interesting that we are working on is that there's a bunch of these Linux single board computers that people use but we felt that a lot of the Arduino users they find the classic way of dealing with kind of Linux and installing the operating system quite complicated that stops them from using this effectively so we worked with a sponsorship from Intel and we basically made Arduino able to generate Linux programs so you can take your Arduino code and I'm gonna show you quickly a super fast demo if you can see so the idea is that starting from now the thing should be online as in like in two minutes from now you'll be able to go get a Raspberry Pi for example and just connect it to this thing and you just type the IP address of your Raspberry Pi you press a button the Arduino create will connect to the Raspberry Pi install a bunch of software on it and connect it to the Arduino cloud like it's doing right now so you literally an IP address a username and a password and the whole thing will automatically happen for you then you give a name to your device and then you have this thing called My Devices where you see all your devices there and then you can take a piece of code that you're running on a classic Arduino board and you can just say okay I wanna compile it for the Raspberry Pi so it will take that Arduino code compile it, turn it into a Linux application and over the internet install it on your device anywhere it is so here you see the code is controlling some funky LEDs but you know so the idea is there's a ton of people that know how to use Arduino and they can take their knowledge and apply to this and once you have these devices attached to your Arduino cloud you can then manage them remotely so here's a control panel where you can sort of set a few parameters monitor how your device is working you can configure the network you can even run multiple Arduino programs in parallel and you can even do things if you're on an Intel platform you can even do computer vision inside Arduino which is an interesting concept it's really cool you can so you can just use OpenCity and Arduino in the same code running on Linux and you can also install software packages you can manage your packages and you can manage your repositories where you get the packages from so in a way this and again you can take your code compile it and deploy it so the idea is this is going to make it's going to make it very easy for people to use devices like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone and a bunch of Intel based single board computers to become very easy to use and very easy to program at the edge clearly the software that we developed is either already open source or is becoming open source like tomorrow so you can also use it for whatever project you're building because our idea is to try to create an experience where you learn one step at a time you build up your knowledge one step at a time a lot of people find themselves in front of tasks that look like a wall that you have to climb with your bare hands and it's too complicated so the idea was why don't we break that down into like steps that take people there one step at a time and we've seen it with what we've done with Arduino until now that if you do this process you enable really a ton of people to do amazing stuff and then later on they learn and they deepen their knowledge and they become maybe they study more and they become professionals but we enable the ton of people that before they never thought that they could do embedded programming and now they do it and they're contributing to the community so if you wanna try it out go to create.arduino.cc and check it out it's gonna be it should be online now if you have comments you wanna work with us you wanna build a project with us whatever send me an email and thank you very much