 Lung cancer is one of the common cancers in India, especially elderly males and a large number of deaths are caused due to this cancer in our country. Smoking is the main reason for lung cancer, I can say almost in 70% of the cases. But there are some cases which occur in young people, non-smokers and ladies. These cases are due to mutation in the cells. So common symptoms of lung cancer include cough, breathing difficulty, chest pain, blood in the sputum. But the point is that these symptoms can occur because of any other diseases too. So hence many a times the diagnosis of lung cancer is delayed thinking that these common symptoms are due to some other illnesses. So how do we diagnose it? So diagnosis includes sputum testing, CT scan of the chest and something called as biopsy. So we do get the tumor tissue by something called as bronchoscopic biopsy or CT guided biopsy. Once the biopsy of the tumor tissue is done, we get to know what type of cancer it is. So basically there are three types of lung cancer, that is erinocarsanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma and each are treated a little differently. Once we have determined the stage of the cancer by doing the relevant scans, then we proceed to the treatment. Stage 1 and 2 are usually managed by surgery and sometimes chemotherapy may be given after surgery and these patients can be cured. Stage 3 are usually managed by a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy and these patients also can be cured many a times. Stage 4 lung cancer is the one which has spread to other parts of the body and it has caused fluid in the plural cavity. So we call this plural efficient. These patients are not curable but we can give treatment which can improve their quality of life and the survival. Stage 4 patients are treated by chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and radiation therapy sometimes. In stage 4 lung cancer patients we do something called as mutation testing on the biopsy tissue to find out some mutations like EGFR, ALG, ROS. So basically these mutations are found in the tumour tissue then we can treat this particular mutation. It is seen that the cancers which have got mutation and if you give up the particular therapy which you call as targeted therapy, these patients do well, they survive long with a better quality of life. In the present scenario patients who are having mutation positive survive an average of 3 to 4 years. Immunotherapy for lung cancer has also made a lot of difference in stage 4 lung cancer patients and there are a particular subset of patients who do well with immunotherapy and can live long. The point is that stage 4 lung cancer patients can be treated, they have got many treatment options available these days and they can survive long with a good quality of life.