 Welcome, everyone, to the final day of the meeting. Thank you all for being here today. I thought I would just start off with a few very brief remarks, and I'll try to make sure that we run on time today. But I wanted to begin by thanking the organizers of the meeting, Francois and Misha, for organizing this wonderful meeting. I've really enjoyed myself and learned a lot. Also, Elizabeth, I know, was my point person for logistics, and so I'd like to appreciate Elizabeth for making this meeting run very, very smoothly. And then finally, the fellow members of the scientific committee. I'm sure there were other people involved, but these were the main folks that I interacted with, and so I appreciate the wonderful meeting you've been able to put on this week and for the opportunity to be here. Today, we have a very interesting program lined up. This morning, we'll hear from a couple of speakers who will talk about synthetic biology approaches to, what I would say, almost redesigning a little portions of central dogma. And in the afternoon, we'll be hearing from a couple of additional speakers on using synthetic biology approaches to refactor bacterial or yeast genomes. And so I think it's going to be quite an interesting day. And so I thought what I would do to sort of seed the discussion both in the morning and the afternoon is just raise some topics for discussion now so that you can be thinking about them during the lectures, and we can discuss potentially after each during the discussion sections. These questions are questions that have been raised throughout the meeting, but I think are particularly pertinent to today's lectures. And so I'm happy to discuss these or other topics that may be of interest. One question that's come up during the meeting is the topic of measurement characterization of biological systems. And so one question I wanted to raise for discussion is what does it mean to fully characterize a biological system, a biological part, a module, or an entire organism? How do you know when you're done characterizing it? Is there such a thing as being done? Is that even possible? And I think you'll see today that very significant advances have been made when it comes to genome engineering and redesign and resynthesis of entire genomes, particularly in the afternoon session. And so can we make some of the significant strides we've made in what I would call build technologies? Do we have opportunities to do the same thing on the test or analytical front? And then finally, touching on some of the themes that were brought up earlier in the conference, if an organism is a product of both its genome and its environment, then what does it mean for how we characterize organisms? Does, you know, how do we think about the full characterization when there's so many environmental factors that are affecting its performance? So just some thoughts that I've been thinking about during the course of the meeting. The second topic, which I thought has been interesting and that is perhaps a point of discussion, is how do we think about design of systems that persist in the face of evolution? This was a topic raised yesterday. My question can't even be done. So much of biology is variable across organisms that it seems like nature itself has not been able to really design systems that persist. Only a small part of genomes are really very distinctly conserved. On the other hand, biology is so interrelated, so maybe you could argue that maybe our definition of persistence in the face of evolution needs to be thought about. Second of all, why should we care about design in the face of evolution? Isn't it sufficient for our systems to only last as long as we need them to and then go away? And is that perfectly fine? And so we don't need to think about design on evolutionary time scales, because we're not interested in having our systems work on evolutionary time scales. And then finally, and I hesitated to bring this up, but given that we are at IHES, I wanted to ask a question that I'm rather naive about. And so I don't know if this is even an important question to be asking. But there was a comment raised, I believe yesterday or the day before, about whether mathematics can actually adequately describe biological systems and their properties. It was something that I've never really thought about. Is there some mathematics tool or framework that we're missing when it comes to description of biological systems? Or is that the wrong question? Because really, we should simply be relying on computational simulations to model the behavior of biological systems. Again, I'm not sure if this is the right question to be asking, but hopefully we can discuss it later. And you can correct me if that's the wrong question to be asking. And then finally, from a synthetic biology perspective, one of some of the questions that I've asked in the past is, can we design biological systems that are either more amenable to say mathematical description or more amenable to simulation? So just some thoughts that have risen to me or have been raised by others in the audience or the meeting that I think are particularly pertinent to today's lectures. And so with that, I'd like to introduce our first speaker, Christian Young, who will be talking about synthetic biology approaches to translational control. And thank you very much. Thank you.