 Dear students, in this module, we are going to discuss the struggle between husband and wife. The struggle between husband and wife is seen as a continuous process of conflict from the conflict point of view. The conflict perspective suggests that there is an inherent power imbalance in marriages with men traditionally holding more power and control as compared to women. Since the conflict perspective is a critical perspective and every institution has a special point of view, I think that the relationships within any institution are based on the power structure and the power imbalance defines their relationships. Similarly, they look at the family institution and think that the composition of the family institution is inherently conflict based. That is, husband and wife are continuously in a struggling situation. For power, authority, decision making, they are continuously in struggle with each other. So in other words, the relationship between husband and wife is not functional, it is not about cooperation, it is about competition and conflict. So this ultimately can lead to the conflict between husband and wife over the issues such as finances, household chores and decision making. So in Pakistan, for example, this power imbalance is still evident in most of the marriages with men often having the final say in important matters. However, there are also examples of couples challenging these traditional gender roles and advocating for greater equality in marriage. In Pakistan, the familial relationships are based on marriage. So the relationship between couples is very important in marriage. We have always been trying, especially the arranged marriages, to avoid couples going towards the dissolution of their marriage. Even if there is a dispute, the relationship between couples is important. However, it is also seen that the struggle between husband and wife continues continuously. The conflict perspective from this point of view focuses on these relationships and the foundation of these relationships is based on conflict. So the conflict perspective reflects this relationship from this point of view as to how this relationship becomes potentially counterproductive for the rest of the society. And the same process or pattern is replicated in the rest of the institutions in the same way. So in a nutshell, we can say that conflict perspective helps us understand that why there is a continuous or perpetual struggle between husband and wife and on what basis they do have this bone of contention among them and ultimately what are the possible consequences of this conflict. So it's a food for thought for you. Let's look at this in a familiar institution in Pakistan. Especially where there are often fights between husband and wife. So what is the foundation of those fights? Is it really a conflict perspective that is claimed to be a power struggle? Is it decision making? Is it a conflict between husband and wife? So it's a food for thought for you to observe these kinds of relationships from conflict perspective.